Conditioned fear-induced tachycardia in the rat; vagal involvement

European Journal of Pharmacology

Volumn 350, Issue 2-3, 1998, Pages 211-222

  Nijsen, Marjoleen J M A ^a   Croiset, Gerda ^a   Diamant, Michaela ^b   Stam, Ruben ^a   Delsing, Dianne ^a   De Wied, David ^a   Wiegant, Victor M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER UTRECHT   (Netherlands)

^b ACADEMIC MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Autonomic nervous system; Electrocardiogram; Stress; Vagal outflow

Indexed keywords

ADRENALIN; ATROPINE METHYL NITRATE; NORADRENALIN;

ADRENERGIC SYSTEM; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ARTICLE; AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; CHOLINERGIC SYSTEM; CONDITIONING; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM; FEAR; HEART RATE; IMMOBILIZATION; MALE; MOTOR ACTIVITY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; REGULATORY MECHANISM; SHOCK; TACHYCARDIA; VAGUS NERVE STIMULATION;

ANIMALS; AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; CATECHOLAMINES; CHROMATOGRAPHY, HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID; CONDITIONING (PSYCHOLOGY); ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; EPINEPHRINE; FEAR; MALE; NOREPINEPHRINE; RATS; RATS, WISTAR; REST; TACHYCARDIA; TELEMETRY; VAGUS NERVE;

EID: 0032486139     PISSN: 00142999     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0014-2999(98)00261-1     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Axelrod J., Reisine T.D. Stress hormones: their interaction and regulation. Science. 224:1984;452-459.
2. Berntson G.G., Cacioppo J.T., Quigley K.S. Autonomic determinism: the modes of autonomic control, the doctrine of autonomic space, and the laws of autonomic constraint. Psychol. Rev. 98:1991;459-487.
3. Bohus B., Koolhaas J.M., Korte S.M., Roozendaal B., Wiersma A. Forebrain pathways and their behavioural interactions with neuroendocrine and cardiovascular function in the rat. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 23:1996;177-182.
4. Bolles R.C. Species-specific defense reactions and avoidance learning. Psychol. Rev. 77:1970;32-48.
5. Bond D.D. Sympathetic and vagal interaction in emotional responses of the heart. Am. J. Physiol. 38:1943;468-478.
6. Brown, J.H., Taylor, P., 1995. Muscarinic receptor agonists and antagonists. In: Hardman, J.G., Limbird, L.E., Molinoff, P.B., Ruddon, R.W., Gilman, A.G. (Eds.), Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp. 148-149.
7. Buwalda, B., Korte, S.M., Bouws, G.A.H., Koolhaas, J.M., Bohus, B., 1990. Neuroendocrine and cardiovascular responses to mild stressor in young and aged rats. In: The Parasympathetic Responsiveness in Young and Aged Rats. Thesis, Groningen University, Groningen, pp. 61-72.
8. Buwalda B., Koolhaas J.M., Bohus B. Behavioral and cardiac responses to mild stress in young and aged rats: effects of amphetamine and vasopressin. Physiol. Behav. 51:1992;211-216.
9. Buwalda B., Nyakas C., Koolhaas J.M., Bohus B. Neuroendocrine and behavioral effects of vasopressin in resting and mild stress conditions. Physiol. Behav. 54:1993;947-953.
10. Cleroux J., Peronnet F., De Champlain J. Sympathetic indices during psychological and physical stimuli before and after training. Physiol. Behav. 35:1985;271-275.
11. Croiset G., Raats C.J.I., Nijsen M.J.M.A., Wiegant V.M. Differential effects of cholinergic and adrenergic agents on P-R and R-R intervals in rat ECG. Neurosci. Res. Commun. 14:1994;75-84.
12. Davis M. Effects of interstimulus interval length and variability on startle-response habituation in the rat. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 72:1970;177-192.
13. De Boer S.F., Slangen J.L., Van der Gugten J. Plasma catecholamine and corticosterone levels during active and passive shock-prod avoidance behavior in rats: effects of chlordiazepoxide. Physiol. Behav. 47:1990;1089-1098.
14. De Boer, S.F., Van der Gugten, J., Slangen, J.L., 1991. Behavioural and hormonal indices of anxiolytic and anxiogenic drug action in the shock prod defensive burying/avoidance paradigm. In: Animal Models in Psychopharmacology: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences. Birkhäuser, Basel, pp. 81-97.
15. Diamant M., De Wied D. Differential effects of centrally injected AVP on heart rate, core temperature, and behavior in rats. Am. J. Physiol. 264:1993;R51-R61.
16. Diamant M., Croiset G., De Zwart N., De Wied D. Shock-prod burying test in rats: autonomic and behavioral responses. Physiol. Behav. 50:1991;23-32.
17. Fanselow M.S. Conditional and unconditional components of post-shock freezing. Pav. J. Biol. Sci. 15:1980;177-182.
18. Gilman, A.G., Rall, T.W., Nies, A.S., Taylor, P., 1990. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. Pergamon, New York.
19. Hedman A.E., Tahvanainen K.U.O., Hartikainen J.E.K., Hakumäki M.O.K. Effect of sympathetic modulation and sympathovagal interaction on heart rate variability in anaesthetized dogs. Acta Physiol. Scand. 155:1995;205-214.
20. Hilton S.M. The defense-arousal system and its relevance for circulatory and respiratory control. J. Exp. Biol. 100:1982;159.
21. Hilton S.M., Marshall J.M., Timms R.J. Ventral medullary relay neurones in the pathway from the defence areas of the cat and their effect on blood pressure. J. Physiol. (Lond.). 345:1983;149-166.
22. Kirby R.F., Johnson A.K. Role of beta 2-adrenoceptors in cardiovascular response of rats to acute stressors. Am. J. Physiol. 258:1990;H683-H688.
23. Korte S.M., Buwalda B., Bouws G.A.H., Koolhaas J.M., Maes F.W., Bohus B. Conditioned neuroendocrine and cardiovascular stress responsiveness accompanying behavioral passivity and activity in aged and in young rats. Physiol. Behav. 51:1992;815-822.
24. Kvetnansky R., Sun C.L., Lake C.R., Thoa N., Torda T., Kopin I.J. Effect of handling and forced immobilization on rat plasma levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine-b-hydroxylase. Endocrinology. 103:1978;1868-1874.
25. Kvetnansky R., Pacak K., Fukuhara K., Viskupic E., Hiremagalur B., Nankova B., Goldstein D.S., Sabban E.L., Kopin I.J. Sympathoadrenal system in stress. Interaction with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical system. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 771:1995;131-158.
26. Lake C.R., Ziegler M.G., Kopin I.J. Use of plasma norepinephrine for evaluation of sympathetic neuronal function in man. Life Sci. 18:1976;1315-1326.
27. Levy M.N., Zieske H. Autonomic control of cardiac pacemaker activity and atrioventricular transmission. J. Appl. Physiol. 27:1969;465-470.
28. Lovick, T.A., 1996. Midbrain and medullary regulation of defensive cardiovascular functions. In: Holstege, G., Bandler, R., Saper, C.B. (Eds.), Progress in Brain Research, Vol. 107. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 301-313.
29. Mason J.W. A review of psychoendocrine research on the pituitary-adrenal cortical system. Psychosom. Med. 30:1968;576-607.
30. McCarty R., Baucom K. Physiological responses of rats to footshock stress: the effects of social environment. Behav. Neural Biol. 34:1982;394-403.
31. Nijsen M.J.M.A., Croiset G., Diamant M., Broekhoven M.H., De Wied D., Wiegant V.M. Vagal activation in novelty-induced tachycardia during the light phase in the rat. Physiol. Behav. 63:1998;233-239.
32. Nyakas C., Alingh Prins A.J., Bohus B. Age-related alterations in cardiac response to emotional stress: relations to behavioral reactivity in the rat. Physiol. Behav. 47:1990;273-280.
33. Obrist, P.A., 1981. Cardiovascular Psycho-Physiology: a Perspective. Plenum, New York.
34. Obrist P.A., Lawler J.E., Howard J.L., Smithson K.W., Martin P.L., Manning J. Sympathetic influences on cardiac rate and contractility during acute stress in humans. Psychophysiology. 11:1974;405-427.
35. Overton J.M. Influence of autonomic blockade on cardiovascular responses to exercise in rats. J. Appl. Physiol. 75:1993;155-161.
36. Popper C.W., Chiueh C.C., Kopin I.J. Plasma catecholamine concentrations in unanesthetized rats during sleep, wakefulness, immobilization and after decapitation. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 202:1977;144-148.
37. Porges S.W. Vagal tone: a physiologic marker of stress vulnerability. Pediatrics. 90:1992;498-504.
38. Porges S.W. Cardiac vagal tone: a physiological index of stress. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 19:1995;225-233.
39. Roozendaal, B., 1992. Preshock central amygdaloid lesioning abolishes conditioned cardiac and behavioral stress responses: effects of methyl-atropine and atenolol treatment. In: Central Amygdala; Stress and Adaptation. Thesis, Groningen University, Groningen, pp. 53-59.
40. Roozendaal B., Koolhaas J.M., Bohus B. Differential effect of lesioning of the central amygdala on the bradycardiac and behavioral response of the rat in relation to conditioned social and solitary stress. Behav. Brain Res. 41:1990;39-48.
41. Roozendaal B., Koolhaas J.M., Bohus B. Attenuated cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, and behavioral responses after a single footshock in central amygdaloid lesioned male rats. Physiol. Behav. 50:1991;771-775.
42. Scheurink A.J.W., Steffens A.B., Dreteler G.H., Benthem L., Bruntink R. Experience affects exercise-induced changes in catecholamines, glucose, and FFA. Am. J. Physiol. 256:1989;R169-R173.
43. Spyer, K.M., 1990. The central nervous organization of reflex circulatory control. In: Loewy, A.D., Spyer, K.M. (Eds.), Central Regulation of Autonomic Functions. Oxford Univ. Press, New York, pp. 168-188.
44. Stam R., Croiset G., Akkermans L.M.A., Wiegant V.M. Effects of novelty and conditioned fear on small intestinal and colonic motility and behaviour in the rat. Physiol. Behav. 58:1995;803-809.
45. Steffens A.B. A method for frequent sampling of blood and continuous infusion of fluids in the rat without disturbing the animal. Physiol. Behav. 4:1969;833-836.
46. Thomas J.X., Randall W.C. Autonomic influences on atrioventricular conduction in conscious dogs. Am. J. Physiol. 244:1983;102-108.
47. Viskupic E., Kvetnansky R., Sabban E.L., Fukuhara K., Weise V.K., Kopin I.J., Schwartz J. Increase in rat adrenal phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase mRNA level caused by immobilization stress depends on intact pituitary-adrenocortical axis. J. Neurochem. 63:1994;808-814.
48. Wan R., Diamant M., De Jong W., De Wied D. Changes in heart rate and body temperature during passive avoidance behavior in rats. Physiol. Behav. 47:1990;493-499.
49. Wiersma J., Kastelijn J.A. A chronic technique for high frequency blood sampling/transfusion in the freely behaving rat which does not affect prolactin and corticosterone secretion. J. Endocrinol. 107:1985;285-291.
50. Wiersma A., Bohus B., Koolhaas J.M. Corticotropin-releasing hormone microinfusion in the central amygdala diminishes a cardiac parasympathetic outflow under stress-free conditions. Brain Res. 625:1993;219-227.
51. Wurtman R.J., Axelrod J. Control of enzymatic synthesis of adrenaline in the adrenal medulla by adrenal cortical steroids. J. Biol. Chem. 241:1966;2301-2305.