Onchocerciasis

Lancet

Volumn 351, Issue 9112, 1998, Pages 1341-1346

  Burnham, Gilbert ^a  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTHELMINTIC AGENT; IVERMECTIN;

HUMAN; ONCHOCERCIASIS; PARASITE VECTOR; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SYMPTOM;

EID: 0032474235     PISSN: 01406736     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)12450-3     Document Type: Review

References (48)

1. 1 Patterson DK. River blindness in Northern Ghana, 1900-50. In: Hartwig GW, Patterson DK, eds. Disease in African history. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1978: 88-117.
2. 2 Copeman DB. Molecular variation in Onchocerca spp. Acta Trop 1993; 53: 307-17.
3. 3 Evans TG. Socioeconomic consequences of blinding onchocerciasis in West Africa. Bull WHO 1995; 73: 495-506.
4. 4 Amazigo UO. Detrimental effects of onchocerciasis on marriage and breast-feeding. Trop Geogr Med 1994; 46: 322-25.
5. 5 Workneh W, Fletcher M, Olwit G. Onchocerciasis in field workers at Baya Farm, Teppi Coffee Plantation Project, southwestern Ethiopia: prevalence and impact on productivity. Acta Trop 1993; 54: 89-97.
6. 6 Duke BOL. Onchocerciasis: deep worm-bundle close to hip joints. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1970; 64: 791-92.
7. 7 Vuong PN, Bain O, Cabaret J, et al. Forest and savanna onchocerciasis: comparative morphometric histopathology of skin lesions. Trop Med Parasit 1988; 39: 235-52.
8. 8 Smith RJ, Cotter TP, Williams JF, Guderian RH. Vascular perfusion of Onchocerca volvulus nodules. Trop Med Parasit 1988; 39: 634-44.
9. 9 Howells RE. Dynamics of the filarial surface. In: Filariasis: Ciba Found Symp no 127. Chichester: Wiley, 1987: 94-102.
10. 10 Schulz-Key H, Karam M. Periodic reproduction of Onchocerca volvulus. Parasitol Today 1986; 2: 284-86.
11. 11 WHO. Onchocerciasis and its control. Tech Rep Ser WHO 1995, no 852.
12. 12 WHO. Epidemiology of onchocerciasis. Tech Rep Ser WHO 1976, no 597.
13. 13 Duke BOL. The effects of drugs on Onchocerca volvulus: I methods of assessment, population dynamics of the parasite and the effects of diethylcarbamazine. Bull WHO 1986; 39: 137-46.
14. 14 Duke BOL. The population dynamics of Onchocerca volvulus in the human host. Trop Med Parasitol 1993; 44: 61-68.
15. 15 Duke BOL, Lewis DJ. Studies on factors influencing the transmission of onchocerciasis III. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1964; 58: 83-88.
16. 16 Duke BOL, Lewis DJ, Moore PJ. Onchocerca-Simulium complexes I: transmission of forest and Sudan-savannah strains of Onchocerca volvulus, from Cameroon, by Simulium damnosum from various West African bioclimatic zones. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1966; 60: 318-36.
17. 17 Duke BOL. Geographical aspects of onchocerciasis. Ann Belg Soc Trap Med 1981; 61: 179-86.
18. 18 Toé L, Tang J, Back C, Katholi CR, Unnasch TR. Vector-parasite complexes for onchocerciasis in West Africa. Lancet 1997; 349: 163-66.
19. 19 Ackerman SJ, Kephart GM, Francis H, Awadzi K, Gleich GJ, Ottesen EA. Eosinophil degranulation: an immunologic determinant in the pathogenesis of the Mazzotti reaction in human onchocerciasis. J Immunol 1990; 144: 3961-69.
20. 20 Chan C-C, Nussenblatt RB, Kim MK. Immunopathology of ocular onchocerciasis 2: anti-retinal autoantibodies in serum and ocular fluids. Ophthalmol 1987; 94: 439-43.
21. 21 Chan CC, Ottesen EA, Awadzi K, Badu R, Nussenblatt RB. Immunopathology of ocular oncerciasis I: inflammatory cells infiltrating the anterior segment. Clin Exp Immunol 1989; 77: 367-73.
22. 22 Elkhalifa MY, Ghalib HW, Dafa' Alla T, Williams JF. Suppression of human lymphocytes to specific and non-specific stimuli in human onchocerciasis. Clin Exp Immunol 1991; 86: 433-39.
23. 23 Tawill SA, Gallin M, Erttmann KD, Kipp W, Bamuhiiga J, Büttner DW. Imparied antibody responses and less of reactivity to Onchocerca volvulus antigens by HIV-seropositive onchocerciasis patients. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1996; 90: 85-89.
24. 24 WHO. Onchocerciasis, symptomatology, pathology, diagnosis. Geneva: WHO, 1974.
25. 25 Prost A. The burden of blindness in adult males in the savanna villages of West Africa. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1986; 80: 525-27.
26. 26 Rodger FC. The movement of microfilariae of Onchocerca volvulus in the human eye from lid to retina. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 1959; 53: 138-41.
27. 27 Ridley H. Ocular onchocerciasis, including an investigation in the Gold Coast. Br J Ophthalmol 1945 (monogr): 5-58.
28. 28 Abiose A, Jones BR, Cousens SN, et al. Reduction in incidence of optic nerve disease with annual ivermectin to control onchocerciasis. Lancet 1993; 341: 153-54.
29. 29 Abiose A, Murdoch I, Babalola O, et al. Distribution and aetiology of blindness and visual impairment in mesoendemic onchocercal communities, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Br J Ophthalmol 1994; 78: 8-13.
30. 30 Murdoch IE, et al. Visual field constriction as a cause of blindness or visual impairment. Bull WHO 1997; 75: 141-46.
31. 31 WHO. The importance of onchocercal skin disease. TDR/ONCHO/95.1. Geneva: WHO, 1995.
32. 32 Brattig NW, Krawietz I, Abakar AZ, Erttman RD, Kruppa TK, Massaougbodji A. Strong immunoglobulin G isotype antibody response in Sowdah type onchocerciasis. J Infect Dis 1994; 170: 995-61.
33. 33 Nelson GS. Hanging groin and hernia, complications of onchocerciasis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1958; 52: 272-75.
34. 34 Murdoch ME, Hay RJ, Mackenzie CD, et al. A clinical classification and grading system for the cutaneous changes in onchocerciasis. Br J Dermatol 1993; 129: 260-69.
35. 35 Kaiser C, Kipp W, Asaba G, et al. The prevalence of epilepsy following the distribution of onchocerciasis in a west Ugandan focus. Bull WHO 1996; 74: 361-67.
36. 36 Kabore KJ, Cabore JW, Melaku Z, Druet-Cabanac M, Preux PM. Epilepsy in a focus of onchocerciasis in Burkina Faso. Lancet 1996; 347: 836.
37. 37 Kipp W, Burnham G, Bamuhiiga J, Lichsenring M. The Nakalanga syndrome in Kabarole district, western Uganda. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1996; 54: 80-83.
38. 38 Chandrashekar R, Ogunrinade AF, Weil GJ. Use of recombinant Onchocerca volvulus antigens for diagnosis and surveillance of human onchocerciasis. Trop Med Int Health 1996; 1: 575-80.
39. 39 Bradley JE, Unnasch TR. Molecular approaches to the diagnoses of onchocerciasis. Adv Parasitol 1996; 37: 57-106.
40. 40 Alley ES, Plaisier AP, Boatin BA, et al. The impact of five years of annual ivermectin treatment on skin microfilarial loads in the onchocerciasis focus of Asubende, Ghana. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1994; 88: 581-84.
41. 41 Dadzie KY, Remme J, DeSole G. Changes in ocular onchocerciasis after two rounds of community-based ivermectin treatment in a holoendemic onchocerciasis focus. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1991; 85: 267-71.
42. 42 Burnham G. Ivermectin treatment of onchocercal skin lesions: observations from a placebo-controlled, double-blind trial in Malawi. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1995; 52: 270-76.
43. 43 Expression of Caenorhabditis elegans mRNA in Xenopus oocytes: a model system to study the mechanism of action of ivermectins. Parasitol Today 1994; 10: 35-37.
44. 44 Shoop WL. Ivermectin resistance. Parasitol Today 1993; 9: 154-59.
45. 45 Tsalikis G. The Onchocerciasis Control Programme (OCP) in West Africa: a review of progress. Health Policy Planning 1993; 8: 349-59.
46. 46 Mectizan Donation Program. Donation program status report. Mectizan Program Notes, August 1997.
47. 47 Law PA, Ngandu ON, Crompton P, et al. Prevalence of Onchocerca volvulus nodules in the Sankuru River Valley, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and reliability of verbal assessment as a method for determining prevalence. Am J Trop Med Hyg (in press).
48. 48 Aoki Y, Sakamoto M, Yoshimura T, Lada I, Recinos MM, Figueroa H. Onchocercomas in Guatemala, with special reference to appearance of new nodules and parasite content. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1983; 32: 741-46.