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15
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0002382268
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A. Grimwall and E. W. B. deLeer, Eds. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, Netherlands
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W. Behnke, V. Scheer, C. Zetzsch, in Naturally-Produced Organohalogens, A. Grimwall and E. W. B. deLeer, Eds. (Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, Netherlands, 1995), pp. 375-384.
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(1995)
Naturally-Produced Organohalogens
, pp. 375-384
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Behnke, W.1
Scheer, V.2
Zetzsch, C.3
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16
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0027336808
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W. C. Keene, J. R. Maben, A. A. P. Pszenny, J. N. Galloway, Environ. Sci. Technol. 27, 866 (1993).
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(1993)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.27
, pp. 866
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Keene, W.C.1
Maben, J.R.2
Pszenny, A.A.P.3
Galloway, J.N.4
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18
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84920295102
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personal communication
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W. C. Keene, personal communication.
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Keene, W.C.1
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19
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0000056663
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G. A. Impey, P. B. Shepson, D. R. Hastie, L. A. Barrie, J. Geophys. Res. 102, 15999 (1997).
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(1997)
J. Geophys. Res.
, vol.102
, pp. 15999
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Impey, G.A.1
Shepson, P.B.2
Hastie, D.R.3
Barrie, L.A.4
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21
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84920295100
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in preparation
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C. W. Spicer et al., in preparation.
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Spicer, C.W.1
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22
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84920295099
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note
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The internal surfaces of the rectangular metal chamber were coated with an inert halocarbon wax (Halocarbon Products Corporation, Series 1500) to minimize wall reactions. The top of the chamber has quartz windows, above which was mounted a series of lamps for carrying out photochemical reactions. We used four low-pressure mercury lamps (UVP, XX-15S) with the major output at λ = 254 nm.
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23
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84920295098
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note
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Two sets of White cell mirrors were mounted at opposite ends of the chamber for long-path FTIR and UV-visible spectrometry. The base path is 2 m, with a total path length of 52 m used here for both FTIR and UV spectrometry.
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24
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84920295097
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note
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2 at 1 atm. We isolated the parent ion using the first quadrupole. Scans based on the use of this quadrupole provide conventional mass spectra and are called Q1 scans. Ions exiting this first quadrupole can be collisionally dissociated in a gas collision cell, and the fragment ions thus generated can be measured in the second quadrupole. Mass spectra generated by this approach are called MS-MS scans. This dual-selection process permits the unique identification of the halogens in complex mixtures.
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31
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84920295095
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note
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-. Thus, reaction 10 is the rate-determining step, which is still relatively fast on the time scale of our experiments.
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32
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84920295094
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note
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3 concentration decreased.
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35
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0030617271
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C. D. O'Dowd, M. H. Smith, I. E. Consterdine, J. A. Lowe, Atmos. Environ. 31, 73 (1997).
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(1997)
Atmos. Environ.
, vol.31
, pp. 73
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O'Dowd, C.D.1
Smith, M.H.2
Consterdine, I.E.3
Lowe, J.A.4
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41
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84920295093
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note
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- in the aerosol is 1:660.
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42
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84920295092
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note
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The concept, design, and construction of the aerosol apparatus was carried out in collaboration with J. C. Hemminger, F. S. Rowland, and D. W. Toohey and was supported by NSF (grant ATM-9512181) and the University of California, Irvine. We are also grateful to NSF (grant ATM-9741817), especially J. L. Moyers, and the U.S. Department of Energy (grant DE-FG-03-94ER61899) for support. We thank P. Poyner, L. Moritz, and J. Meyer for assistance with the chamber design and construction, J. N. Pitts Jr., J. Stutz, E. G. Chapman, C. M. Berkowitz, and W. C. Keene for helpful discussions, and C. W. Spicer for advice on API-MS and for providing the annual denuder.
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