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Volumn 279, Issue 5347, 1998, Pages 74-77

Formation of molecular chlorine from the photolysis of ozone and aqueous sea-salt particles

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHLORINE; HALOGEN; NITROGEN OXIDE; OZONE; SODIUM CHLORIDE;

EID: 0032472197     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.279.5347.74     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (298)

References (42)
  • 15
    • 0002382268 scopus 로고
    • A. Grimwall and E. W. B. deLeer, Eds. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, Netherlands
    • W. Behnke, V. Scheer, C. Zetzsch, in Naturally-Produced Organohalogens, A. Grimwall and E. W. B. deLeer, Eds. (Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, Netherlands, 1995), pp. 375-384.
    • (1995) Naturally-Produced Organohalogens , pp. 375-384
    • Behnke, W.1    Scheer, V.2    Zetzsch, C.3
  • 18
    • 84920295102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • personal communication
    • W. C. Keene, personal communication.
    • Keene, W.C.1
  • 21
    • 84920295100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • in preparation
    • C. W. Spicer et al., in preparation.
    • Spicer, C.W.1
  • 22
    • 84920295099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The internal surfaces of the rectangular metal chamber were coated with an inert halocarbon wax (Halocarbon Products Corporation, Series 1500) to minimize wall reactions. The top of the chamber has quartz windows, above which was mounted a series of lamps for carrying out photochemical reactions. We used four low-pressure mercury lamps (UVP, XX-15S) with the major output at λ = 254 nm.
  • 23
    • 84920295098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Two sets of White cell mirrors were mounted at opposite ends of the chamber for long-path FTIR and UV-visible spectrometry. The base path is 2 m, with a total path length of 52 m used here for both FTIR and UV spectrometry.
  • 24
    • 84920295097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 2 at 1 atm. We isolated the parent ion using the first quadrupole. Scans based on the use of this quadrupole provide conventional mass spectra and are called Q1 scans. Ions exiting this first quadrupole can be collisionally dissociated in a gas collision cell, and the fragment ions thus generated can be measured in the second quadrupole. Mass spectra generated by this approach are called MS-MS scans. This dual-selection process permits the unique identification of the halogens in complex mixtures.
  • 31
    • 84920295095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • -. Thus, reaction 10 is the rate-determining step, which is still relatively fast on the time scale of our experiments.
  • 32
    • 84920295094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 3 concentration decreased.
  • 41
    • 84920295093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • - in the aerosol is 1:660.
  • 42
    • 84920295092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The concept, design, and construction of the aerosol apparatus was carried out in collaboration with J. C. Hemminger, F. S. Rowland, and D. W. Toohey and was supported by NSF (grant ATM-9512181) and the University of California, Irvine. We are also grateful to NSF (grant ATM-9741817), especially J. L. Moyers, and the U.S. Department of Energy (grant DE-FG-03-94ER61899) for support. We thank P. Poyner, L. Moritz, and J. Meyer for assistance with the chamber design and construction, J. N. Pitts Jr., J. Stutz, E. G. Chapman, C. M. Berkowitz, and W. C. Keene for helpful discussions, and C. W. Spicer for advice on API-MS and for providing the annual denuder.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.