Branches versus stems in woody plants: Control of branch diameter growth and angle

Canadian Journal of Botany

Volumn 76, Issue 11, 1998, Pages 1852-1856

  Wilson, Brayton F ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS   (United States)

Author keywords

Apical control; Branch angle; Diameter growth; Growth stress; Reaction wood

Indexed keywords

PHOTOSYNTHATE; PLANT GROWTH;

GROWTH; STEM; WOODY PLANT;

ACER RUBRUM; BETULA LENTA; CORNUS AMOMUM; GAYLUSACCIA BACCATA; HAMAMELIS VIRGINIANA; ILEX VERTICILLATA; PINUS STROBUS; VIBURNUM CASSINOIDES;

EID: 0032467544     PISSN: 00084026     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/b98-156     Document Type: Article

References (15)

1. Archer, R.R. 1986. Growth stresses and strains in trees. Springer-Verlag, New York.
2. Fisher, J.B., and Stevenson, J.W. 1981. Occurrence of reaction wood in branches of dicotyledons and its role in tree architecture. Bot. Gaz. 142: 82-95.
3. Gartner, B.L. 1997. Trees have higher longitudinal growth strains in their stems than in their roots. Int. J. Plant Sci. 158: 418-423.
4. Little, C.H.A. 1970. Apical dominance in long shoots of white pine (Pinus strobus). Can. J. Bot. 48: 239-253.
5. Moorby, J., and Wareing, P.F. 1963. Aging in woody plants. Ann. Bot. (London), 27: 291-308.
6. Okuyama, T.H., Yamamoto, M., Hattori, Y., and Archer, R.R. 1994. Growth stresses in tension wood: role of microfibrils and lignification. Ann. Sci. For. 51: 291-300.
7. Sprugel, D.G., Hinckley, T.M., and Schaap, W. 1991. The theory and practice of branch autonomy. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 22: 309-322.
8. Timell, T.E. 1986 Compression wood in gymnosperms. Springer-Verlag, New York.
9. Wilson, B.F. 1981a. Apical control of diameter growth in white pine branches. For. Sci. 27: 97-101.
10. Wilson, B.F. 1981b. The development of growth strains and stresses in reaction wood. In Xylem cell development. Edited by J.R. Barnett. Castle House, London, U.K. pp. 275-290.
11. Wilson, B.F. 1986. Apical control of compression wood action in white pine branches. Wood Sci. Technol. 20: 111-117.
12. Wilson, B.F. 1989. Tree branches as populations of twigs. Can. J. Bot. 67: 434-442.
13. Wilson, B.F. 1997. Response to stem bending in forest shrubs: stem or shoot reorientation and shoot release. Can. J. Bot. 75: 1643-1648.
14. Wilson, B.F., and Archer, R.R. 1979. Tree design: some biological solutions to mechanical problems. BioScience, 29: 293-298.
15. Wilson, B.F., and Archer, R.R. 1981. Apical control of branch movements in white pine: biological aspects. Plant Physiol. 68: 1285-1288.