Blue Jets: their relationship to lightning and very large hailfall, and their physical mechanisms for their production

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics

Volumn 60, Issue 7-9, 1998, Pages 713-724

  Wescott, E M ^a   Sentman, D D ^a   Heavner, M J ^a   Hampton, D L ^b   Vaughan Jr , O H ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA FAIRBANKS   (United States)

^b BALL AEROSPACE AND TECHNOLOGIES CORP   (United States)

^c NASA MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Atmospheric electricity; Cloud to ground lightning; Hail; Jet

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY; CLOUD TO GROUND LIGHTNING; HAIL; JET;

EID: 0032459391     PISSN: 13646826     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1364-6826(98)00018-2     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Boccippio, D.J., Williams, E.R., Heckman, S.J., Lyons, W.A., Baker, I.T., Baker, R., 1995. Sprites, ELF transients, and positive ground strokes. Science 269, 1088.
2. Byrne, C.J., Few, A.A., Stewart, M.F., 1989. Electric field measurements within a severe thunderstorm anvil. J. Geophys. Res. 94, 6297-6307.
3. Byers, H., Braham Jr., R.R., 1949. The Thunderstorm. U.S. Weather Bureau, Washington, D.C., 24.
4. Byers, H., 1953. Thunderstorm Electricity, University of Chicago Press.
5. Carey, L.D., Rutledge, S.A., 1996. Electrical and multi-parameter radar observations of a severe hailstorm. Proceedings, 10th International Conference on Atmospheric Electricity, Osaka, Japan, June 1996.
6. Dhali, Williams, P.F., 1987. Two-dimensional studies of streamers in gases, J. Appl. Phys. 62, 4696-4707.
7. Grangé, F., Soulem, N., Loiseau, J.F., Spyrou, N.S., 1995. Numerical and experimental determination of ionizing front velocity in a DC point-to-plane corona discharge. J. Phys. D.: Appl. Phys. 28, 1619-1629.
8. Guttman, A., 1968. Extinction coefficient measurements on clear atmospheres and thin cirrus clouds. Appl. Optics. 7, 2377-2381.
9. Jones-Mosley, C., 1994. Storm hits area by surprise, Texarkana Gazette, 1 July 1994.
10. Ludlam, F.H., 1980. Clouds and Storms: The Behavior and Effect of Water in the Atmosphere. Pennsylvania State University Press.
11. Marwitz, J.D., 1972a. The structure and motion of severe hailstorms, I, Supercell storms. J. Appl. Meteorol. 11, 166-179.
12. Marwitz, J.D., 1972b. The structure and motion of severe hailstorms, II, Multi-cell storms. J. Appl. Meteorol. 11, 180-188.
13. Mishin, E.V., Sukhorukov, A.I., Sentman, D.D., 1996. NO perturbation in the ozone layer due to blue jets. Abstract A72C-4, Fall AGU Meeting 1996. Supplement, EOS. 77(46), F67.
14. Pasko, W.P. Inan, U.S., Bell, T.F., 1996. Blue jets produced by quasi-electrostatic pre-discharge thundercloud fields. Geophys. Res. Lett. 23, 1205-1209.
15. Raether, H., 1939. Die entwicklung der elektronenlawine in der funkenkanal. Zeits. Phys. 112, 464-489.
16. Roussel-Dupré, R., Symbalisty, E., Taranenko, Y., Yukhymuk, V., 1996. A parameter study of lightning events that can result in high-altitude runaway discharges, Abstract A72C-10, Fall AGU Meeting 1996. Suppl., EOS. 77(46), F68.
17. Rumi, G.C., 1957. VHF radar echoes associated with atmospheric phenomena. J. Geophys. Res. 62, 547-564.
18. Sentman, D.D., Wescott, E.M., Osborne, D.L., Heavner, M., 1995. Preliminary results from the Sprites94 aircraft campaign: Red sprites. Geophys. Res. Lett. 22, 1205-1209.
19. Sukhorukov, A.I., Mishin, E.V., Stubbe, P.S., Rycroft, M.J., 1996. On the blue jet dynamics. Geophys. Res. Lett. 23, 1625-1628.
20. Symbalisty, E.M., Roussel-Dupré, R.A., Yukhymuk, V., Taranenko, Y., 1996. Full time evolution of upper atmospheric discharges due to runaway air breakdown, Abstract A11A-19, Fall AGU Meeting 1996. Suppl. EOS. 77(46), F70.
21. Uman, M.A., 1987. The Lightning Discharge. Academic Press.
22. Vallance Jones, A., 1974. Aurora. D. Reidel Publishing Co.
23. Vitello, P.A., Penetrante, B.M., Bardsley, J.N., 1994. Simulation of negative-streamer dynamics in nitrogen. Phys. Rev. E. 49, 5574-5598.
24. Vonnegut, B., Moore, C.B., 1958. Giant electrical storms. Recent Advances in Atmospheric Aeronomy. Pergamon Press, 339-411.
25. Wescott, E.M., Sentman, D.D., Osborne, D.L., Hampton, D.L., Heavner, M., 1995. Preliminary results from the Sprites94 aircraft campaign: 2. Blue jets. Geophys. Res. Lett. 22, 1209-1212.
26. Wescott, E.M., Sentman, D.D., Hampton, D.L., Heavner, M.J., Osborne, D.L., Vaughan Jr., O.H., 1996a. Blue starters: Brief upward discharges from an intense Arkansas thunderstorm. Geophys. Res. Lett. 23, 2153-2156.
27. Wescott, E.M., Sentman, D.D., Heavner, D.L., Hallinan, T.J., Hampton, D.L., Osborne, D.L., 1996b. The optical spectrum of St. Elmo's fire. Geophys. Res. Lett. 23, 3687-3690.