An evaluation of the scale at which ground-surface heat flux patchiness affects the convective boundary layer using large-eddy simulations

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

Volumn 55, Issue 16, 1998, Pages 2666-2689

  Avissar, Roni ^a   Schmidt, Tatyana ^a  

^a RUTGERS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONVECTIVE BOUNDARY LAYER; HEAT FLUX; LAND SURFACE; LARGE EDDY SIMULATION;

EID: 0032452841     PISSN: 00224928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0469(1998)055<2666:AEOTSA>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Review

References (32)

1. André, J.-C., P. Bougeault, and J.-P. Goutorbe, 1990: Regional estimates of heat and evaporation fluxes over non-homogeneous terrain. Examples from the HAPEX-MOBILHY programme. Bound-Layer Meteor., 50, 77-108.
2. Avissar, R., and R. A. Pielke, 1989: A parameterization of heterogeneous land surfaces for atmospheric numerical models and its impact on regional meteorology. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 2113-2136.
3. _, and F. Chen, 1993: Development and analysis of prognostic equations for mesoscale kinetic energy and mesoscale (subgridscale) fluxes for large-scale atmospheric models. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 3751-3774.
4. _, and Y. Liu, 1996: Sensitivity of shallow convective precipitation induced by land surface heterogeneities to dynamical and cloud microphysical parameters. J. Geophvs. Res., 101, 7477-7497.
5. _, E. W. Eloranta, K. Gurer, and G. J. Tripoli, 1998: An evaluation of the large-eddy simulation option of the regional atmospheric modeling system (RAMS) in simulating a convective boundary layer: A FIFE case study. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 1109-1130.
6. Businger, J. A., J. C. Wyngaard, Y Izumi, and E. F. Bradley, 1971: Flux-profile relationships in the atmospheric surface layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 181-189.
7. Chen, F., and R. Avissar, 1994a: Impact of land-surface moisture variability on local shallow convective cumulus and precipitation in large-scale models. J. Appl. Meteor., 33, 1382-1401.
8. _, and _, 1994b: The impact of land-surface wetness heterogeneity on mesoscale heat fluxes. J. Appl. Meteor., 33, 1323-1340.
9. Clark, T. L., 1977: A small-scale dynamic model using a terrain following coordinate transformation. J. Comput. Phys., 24, 186-215.
10. Dalu, G. A., R. A. Pielke, R. Avissar, G. Kallos, M. Baldi, and A. Guerrini, 1991: Linear impact of thermal inhomogeneities on mesoscale atmospheric flow with zero synoptic wind. Ann. Geophys., 9, 641-647.
11. Deardorff, J. W., 1974: Three-dimensional numerical study of the height and mean structure of a heated planetary boundary layer. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 7, 81-106.
12. _, 1980: Stratocumulus-capped mixed layers derived from a threedimensional model. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 18, 495-527.
13. Gal-Chen, T., and R. C. J. Somerville, 1975: On the use of coordinate transformation for the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations. J. Comput. Phys., 17, 209-228.
14. Hadfield, M. G., W. R. Cotton, and R. A. Pielke, 1991a: Large-eddy simulations of thermally forced circulations in the convective boundary layer. Part I: A small-scale circulation with zero wind. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 57, 79-114.
15. _, _, and _, 1991b: Large-eddy simulations of thermally forced circulations in the convective boundary layer. Part II: The effect of changes in wavelength and wind speed. Bound. layer Meteor., 58, 307-327.
16. Hechtel, L. M., C.-H. Moeng, and R. B. Stull, 1990: The effects of nonhomogeneous surface fluxes on the convective boundary layer: A case study using large-eddy simulation. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 1721-1741.
17. Krettenauer, K., and U. Schumann, 1989: Direct numerical simulation of thermal convection over a wavy surface. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 41, 165-179.
18. Lynn, B. H., F. Abramopoulos, and R. Avissar, 1995: Using similarity theory to parameterize mesoscale heat fluxes generated by subgrid-scale landscape discontinuities in GCMs. J. Climate, 8, 932-951.
19. Moeng, C.-H., 1984: A large-eddy-simulation model for the study of planetary boundary-layer turbulence. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 2052-2062.
20. _, and J. C. Wyngaard, 1984: Statistics of conservative scalars in the convective boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 3161-3169.
21. Oocouchi, Y., M. Segal, R. C. Kessler, and R. A. Pielke, 1984. Evaluation of soil moisture effects on the generation and modification of mesoscale circulations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 2281-2292.
22. Pielke, R. A., G. A. Dalu, J. S. Snook, T. J. Lee, and T. G. F. Kittel, 1991: Nonlinear influence of mesoscale land use on weather and climate. J. Climate. 4, 1053-1069.
23. _, and Coauthors, 1992: A comprehensive meteorological modeling system-RAMS. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 49, 69-91.
24. Schmidt, H., and U. Schumann. 1989: Coherent structure of the convective boundary layer derived from large-eddy simulations. J. Fluid Mech., 200, 511-562.
25. Segal, M., and R. W. Anritt, 1992: Nonclassical mesoscale circulations caused by surface sensible heat-flux gradients. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 73, 1593-1604.
26. _, R. Avissar, M. C. McCumber, and R. A. Pielke, 1988: Evaluation of vegetation effects on the generation and modification of mesoscale circulations. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 2268-2292.
27. Shen, S., and M. Y. Leclerc, 1995: How large must surface inhomogeneities be before they influence the convective boundary layer structure? A case study. Quart. J. Roy.'Meteor. Soc., 121, 1209-1228.
28. Stull, R., 1988: An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology. Kluwer Academic Publishers. 666 pp.
29. Tripoli, G. J., and W. R. Cotton, 1982: The Colorado State University Three-Dimensional Cloud/Mesoscale Model - 1982. Part I: General theoretical framework and sensitivity experiments. J. Rech. Atmos., 16, 185-219.
30. Walko, R. L., W. R. Cotton, and R. A. Pielke, 1992: Large-eddy simulations of the effects of hilly terrain on the convective boundary layer. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 58, 133-150.
31. Young, G. S., 1988: Turbulence structure of the convective boundary layer. Part II: Phoenix 78 aircraft observations of thermals and their environment. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 727-735.
32. Zeng, X., and R. A. Pielke, 1995: Landscape-induced atmospheric flow and its parameterization in large-scale numerical models. J. Climate. 8, 1156-1176.