The ECMWF implementation of three-dimensional variational assimilation (3D-Var). III. Experimental results

Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society

Volumn 124, Issue 550, 1998, Pages 1831-1860

  Andersson, Erik ^a  

^a EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MEDIUM RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FORECASTING METHOD; WEATHER FORECASTING;

EID: 0032440985     PISSN: 00359009     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1256/smsqj.55003     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Andersson, E. 1996 'Implementation of variational quality control'. Pp. 633-643 in proceedings of ECMWF Workshop on 'Non-linear aspects of data assimilation', 9-11 September 1996. (Available from ECMWF, Reading, UK)
2. Andersson, E., Hollingsworth, A., Kelly, G., Lönnberg, P., Pailleux, J. and Zhang, Z. 1991 Global observing system experiments on operational statistical retrievals of satellite sounding data. Mon. Weather Rev., 119, 1851-1864
3. Andersson, E., Pailleux, J., Eyre, J. R., McNally, A.P., Kelly, G. A., Courtier, P. and Rabier F. 1993 'Assimilation of satellite data by 3D-Var at ECMWF. Pp. 167-188 in proceedings of ECMWF seminar on 'Developments in the use of satellite data in numerical weather prediction', 6-10 September 1993, ECMWF Reading, UK
4. Andersson, E., Pailleux, J., Thépaut, J.-N., Eyre, J., McNally, A. P., Kelly, G. and Courtier, P. 1994 Use of cloud-cleared radiances in three/four-dimensional variational data assimilation. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 120, 627-653
5. b term in 3D/4D-Var'. ECMWF Tech. Memo. 238, ECMWF, Reading, UK
6. Cardinali, C., Andersson, E., Viterbo, P., Thépaut, J.-N. and Vasiljević, D. 1994 'Use of conventional surface observations in three-dimensional variational data assimilation'. Tech. Memo. 205, ECMWF, Reading, UK
7. Courtier, P. 1994 'Introduction to numerical weather prediction data assimilation methods'. Pp. 189-207 in proceedings of ECMWF seminar on 'Developments in the use of satellite data in numerical weather prediction', 6-10 Sept. 1993, ECMWF, Reading, UK
8. Courtier, P. and Talagrand, O. 1987 Variational assimilation of meteorological observations with the adjoint vorticity equation. II: Numerical results. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 113, 1329-1347
9. Courtier, P., Andersson, E., Heckley, W., Pailleux, J., Vasiljević, D., Hamrud, M., Hollingsworth, A., Rabier, F. and Fisher, M. 1998 The ECMWF implementation of three dimensional variational assimilation (3D-Var). I: Formulation. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 124, 1783-1807
10. Daley, R. 1996 Generation of global multivariate error covariances by singular-value decomposition of the linear balance equation. Mon. Weather Rev., 124, 2574-2587
11. Dharssi, I., Lorenc, A. C. and Ingleby, N. B. 1992 Treatment of gross errors using maximum probability theory, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 118, 1017-1036
12. Eyre, J. R., Kelly, G.A., McNally, A. P., Andersson, E. and Persson, A. 1993 Assimilation of TOYS radiance information through one-dimensional variational analysis. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 119, 1427-1463
13. Fisher, M. and Courtier, P. 1995 'Estimating the covariance matrices of analysis and forecast error in variational data assimilation'. Tech. Memo. 220, ECMWF, Reading, UK)
14. Gaffard, C. and Roquet, H. 1998 Impact of the ERS-1 scatterometer wind data on the ECMWF 3D-Var assimilation system. Tech. Memo. 217, ECMWF, Reading, UK
15. Ingleby, N. B. and Lorenc, A. C. 1993 Bayesian quality control using multivariate normal distributions. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 119, 1195-1225
16. Jakob, C. 1994 'The impact of the new cloud scheme on ECMWF's integrated forecasting system (IFS)'. Pp. 277-294 in proceedings of ECMWF/GEWEX workshop on 'Modelling, validation and assimilation of clouds', 31 October-4 November 1994, ECMWF, Reading, UK
17. Kelly, G. 1993 'Some aspects of stratospheric data assimilation at ECMWF'. Pp. 271-315 in proceedings of ECMWF workshop on 'Stratosphere and numerical weather prediction', 15-17 November 1993, ECMWF, Reading, UK
18. Knudsen, B. M. 1996 Accuracy of arctic stratospheric temperature analyses and the implication for the prediction of polar stratospheric clouds. Geophys. Res. Lett. 23, 3747-3750
19. Komen, G. J., Cavaleri, L., Donelan, M., Hasselmann, K., Hasselmann, S. and Janssen, P. A. E. M. 1994 Dynamics and modelling of ocean waves. Cambridge Univeristy Press, Cambridge, UK
20. Lorenc, A. C. 1981 A global three-dimensional multivariate statistical interpolation scheme. Mon. Weather Rev., 109, 701-721
21. Lorenc, A. C. 1986 Analysis methods for numerical weather prediction. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 112, 1177-1194
22. Lorenc, A. C. and Hammon, O. 1988 Objective quality control of observations using Bayesian methods. Theory, and a practical implementation. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 114, 515-543
23. Lönnberg, P. 1989 'Developments in the ECMWF analysis system'. Pp. 75-120 in Vol I of proceedings of ECMWF seminar on 'Data assimilation and the use of satellite data', 5-9 September 1988, ECMWF, Reading, UK
24. Lott, F. and Miller, M. 1997 A new sub-grid scale orographic drag parametrization: its formulation and testing. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 123, 101-127
25. McMillin, L. M. and Dean, C. 1982 Evaluation of a new operational technique for producing clear radiances. J. Appl. Meteorol., 21, 1005-1014
26. McNally, A. P. and Vesperini, M. 1996 Variational analysis of humidity information from TOVS radiances. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 122, 1521-1544
27. Parrish, D. F. and Derber, J. C. 1992 The National Meteorological Center's spectral statistical interpolation analysis system. Mon. Weather Rev., 120, 1747-1763
28. Phalippou, L. 1996 Variational retrieval of humidity profile, wind speed and cloud liquid-water path with the SSM/I: Potential for numerical weather prediction. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 122, 327-355
29. Phalippou, L. and Gérard, É. 1996 'Use of precise microwave imagery in numerical weather forecasting'. Study report to the European Space Agency. (Available from ECMWF, Reading, UK)
30. Phillips, N. A. 1986 The spatial statistics of random geostrophic modes and first-guess errors. Tellus, 38A, 314-332
31. Rabier, F., Klinker, E., Courtier, P. and Hollingsworth, A. 1996a Sensitivity of forecast errors to initial conditions. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 122, 121-150
32. Rabier F., Thépaut, J.-N. and Courtier, P. 1996b 'Four dimensional variational assimilation at ECMWF'. In proceedings of ECMWF seminar on 'Data assimilation', 2-6 September 1996, ECMWF, Reading, UK
33. Rabier, F., McNally, A., Andersson, E., Courtier, P., Undén, P., Eyre, J., Hollingsworth, A. and Bouttier, F. 1998 The ECMWF implementation of three-dimensional variational assimilation (3D-Var). II: Structure functions. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 124, 1809-1829
34. Reale, A. L., Gray, D. G., Chalfont, M. W., Swaroop, A. and Nappi, A. 1986 'Higher resolution operational satellite retrievals'. Pp. 16-19 in preprints of the 2nd conference on 'Satellite meteorology/remote sensing and applications', Williamsburg, 13-16 May 1986, American Meteorological Society, Boston, USA
35. Ritchie, H., Temperton, C., Simmons, A., Hortal, M., Davies, T., Dent, D. and Hamrud, M. 1995 Implementation of the semi-lagrangian method in a high-resolution version of the ECMWF forecast model. Mon. Weather Rev., 123, 489-514
36. Savijärvi, H. 1995 Error growth in a large numerical forecast system. Mon. Weather Rev., 123, 212-221
37. Shaw, D. B., Lönnberg, P., Hollingsworth, A. and Undén, P. 1987 Data assimilation: The 1984/85 revision of the ECMWF mass and wind analysis. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 114, 533-566
38. Stoffelen, A. and Anderson, D. 1997 Ambiguity removal and assimilation of scatterometer data. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 123, 491-518
39. Talagrand, O. and Courtier, P. 1987 Variational assimilation of meteorological observations with the adjoint vorticity equation. I: Theory. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 113, 1311-1328
40. Thépaut, J.-N., Courtier, P., Belaud, G. and Lemaître, G. 1996 Dynamical structure functions in a four-dimensional variational assimilation: A case study. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 122, 535-561
41. Tiedtke, M. 1993 Representation of clouds in large-scale models. Mon. Weather Rev. 121, 3040-3061
42. Tomassini, M., LeMeur, D. and Saunders, R. 1998 Satellite wind observations of hurricanes and their impact on NWP model analyses and forecasts. Mon. Weather Rev., 126, 1274-1286
43. Undén, P. 1989 Tropical data assimilation and analysis of divergence. Mon. Weather Rev. 117, 2495-2517