Root electrolyte leakage and root growth potential as indicators of spruce and larch establishment

Silva Fennica

Volumn 32, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 241-252

  McKay, H M ^a  

^a FOREST RESEARCH   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ASSESSMENT METHOD; ELECTROLYTE; GROWTH; ROOT; SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT;

LARIX; PICEA;

EID: 0032434427     PISSN: 00375330     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.14214/sf.684     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Bigras, F.J. & Calmé, S. 1994. Viability tests for estimating root cold tolerance of black spruce seedlings. Can. J. For. Res. 24: 1039-1048.
2. Binder, W.D. & Fielder, P. 1995. Heat damage in boxed white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench.] Voss.) seedlings: its pre-planting detection and effect on field performance. New Forests 9: 237-259.
3. Blake, T.J. & Sutton, R.F. 1987. Variation in water relations of black spruce stock types planted in Ontario. Tree Physiology 3: 331-343.
4. Bonnier, F.J.M., Keurentjis, J. & van Tuyl, J.M. 1994. Ion leakage as a criterion for viability of lily bulb scales after storage at -2°C for 0.5, 1.5, and 2.5 years. HortScience 29: 1332-1334.
5. Burdett, A.N. 1990. Physiological processes in plantation establishment and the development of specification for forest planting stock. Can. J. For. Res. 20: 415-427.
6. Burr, K.E., Tinus, R.W., Wallner, S.J. & King, R.M. 1990. Comparison of three cold hardiness tests for conifer seedlings. Tree Physiology 6: 351-369.
7. Colombo, S.J. & Hickie, D.F. 1987. A one-day test for determining frost hardiness using the electrical conductivity technique. Ontario Tree Improvement and Forest Biomass Institute, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Maple. Ont. For. Res. Note 45.
8. Coutts, M.P. & Philipson, J.J. 1987. Structure and physiology of Sitka spruce roots. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 93B: 131-144.
9. Deans, J.D., Billington, H.L. & Harvey, F.J. 1995. Assessment of frost damage to leafless stem tissues of Quercus petraea: A reappraisal of the method of relative conductivity. Forestry 68: 25-34.
10. Duryea, M.L. (ed.) 1985. Evaluating seedling quality: principles, procedures, and predictive abilities of major tests. Proceedings of the workshop held October 16-18, 1984. Forest Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis.
11. Green, L.M. & Warrington, I.J. 1978. Assessment of frost damage in radiata pine seedlings using the diffusate conductivity technique. N.Z. J. For. Sci. 8: 344-350.
12. Grossnickle, S.C. 1988. Planting stress in newly planted jack pine and white spruce, 2. Changes in tissue water potential components. Tree Physiology 4: 85-97.
13. Larsson, C., Møler, I.M. & Widell, S. 1990. Introduction to the plant plasma membrane - its molecular composition and organization. In: C. Larsson, and I.M. Møler (eds): The Plant Plasma Membrane. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg.
14. Martin, V., Pallardy, S.G. & Bahari, Z. A. 1987. Dehydration tolerance of leaf tissues in six woody angiosperm species. Physiol. Plant. 69: 182-186.
15. McKay, H.M. 1992. Electrolyte leakage from fine roots of conifer seedlings: a rapid index of plant vitality following cold storage. Can. J. For. Res. 22: 1371-1377.
16. _ 1993. Tolerance of conifer fine roots to cold storage. Can. J. For. Res. 23: 337-342.
17. _ 1994. Frost hardiness and cold storage tolerance of the root system of Picea sitchensis, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Larix kaempferi and Pinus sylvestris bare-root seedlings. Scand. J. For. Res. 9: 203-213.
18. _ & Mason, W.L. 1991. Physiological indicators of tolerance to cold storage in Sitka spruce and Douglas-fir seedlings. Can. J. For. Res. 21: 890-901.
19. Murray, M.B., Cape, J.M. & Fowler, D. 1989. Quantification of frost damage in plant tissues by rates of electrolyte leakage. New Phytol. 113: 307-311.
20. Palta, J.P., Levitt, J. & Stadelmann, E.J. 1977. Freezing injury in onion bulb cells. I. Evaluation of the conductivity method and analysis of ion and sugar efflux from injured cells. Plant Physol. 60: 393-397.
21. Philipson, J. 1988. Root growth in Sitka spruce and Douglas-fir transplants: dependence on the shoot and stored carbohydrates. Tree Physiol. 4: 101-108.
22. Ritchie, G.A. 1984. Assessing seedling quality. In: Forestry nursery manual: Production of bare-root seedlings. Eds. M.L. Duryea and T.D. Landis. Martinus Nijhoff/Dr W. Junk Publishers. The Hague/Boston/Lancaster. Forest Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis.
23. Ritchie, G.A. & Dunlap, J.R. 1980. Root growth potential: its development and expression in forest tree seedlings. N.Z. J. For. Sci. 10: 218-248.
24. _ & Tanaka, Y. 1990. Root growth potential and the target seedling. In: Target Seedling Symposium. Proceedings, Combined Meeting of the Western Nursery Associations. August 13-17, 1990. Roseburg, Oregon. Eds. R. Rose, S.J. Campbell and D. Landis. USDA Forest Service. General Technical Report RM-200.
25. Rose, R., Campbell, S.J. & Landis, T.D. (eds). 1990. Target seedling symposium: Proceedings, Combined Meeting of the Western Nursery Association. August 13-17, 1990. Roseburg, Oregon. USDA Forest Service. General Technical Report RM-200.
26. Sahlén, K. & Gjelsvik, S. 1993. Determination of Pinus sylvestris seed maturity using leachate conductivity measurements. Can. J. For. Res. 23: 864-870.
27. Tabbush, P.M. 1986. Rough handling, soil temperature, and root development in outplanted Sitka spruce and Douglas fir. Can. J. For. Res. 16: 1385-1388.
28. _ 1988. Silvicultural systems for upland restocking. For. Comm. Bull., 76: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.
29. van den Driessche, R. 1976. Prediction of cold hardiness in Douglas-fir seedlings by index of injury and conductivity methods. Can. J. For. Res. 6: 511-515.
30. Wilner, J. 1955. Results of laboratory tests for winter hardiness of woody plants by electrolyte methods. Proc. Am. Hortic. Sci. 66: 93-99.
31. _ 1960. Relative and absolute electrolyte conductance tests for frost hardiness of apple varieties. Can. J. Plant. Sci. 40: 630-637.
32. Yoshida, S. & Uemura, M. 1990. Responses of the plasma membrane to cold acclimation and freezing stress. In: C. Larsson, and I.M. Møller (eds): The Plant Plasma Membrane. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg.