메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 275, Issue 6 44-6, 1998, Pages

Regulation of sodium transport in M-1 cells

Author keywords

Aldosterone; Aprotinin; Arginine vasopressin; Collecting duct cells; Dexamethasone

Indexed keywords

ALDOSTERONE; APROTININ; ARGIPRESSIN; DEXAMETHASONE; SODIUM CHANNEL;

EID: 0032428376     PISSN: 1931857X     EISSN: 15221466     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.1998.275.6.f998     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (38)

References (51)
  • 1
    • 0026447534 scopus 로고
    • Mouse cortical collecting duct cells show nonselective cation channel activity and express a gene related to the cGMP-gated rod photoreceptor channel
    • Ahmad, I., C. Korbmacher, A. S. Segal, P. Cheung, E. L. Boulpaep, and C. J. Barnstable. Mouse cortical collecting duct cells show nonselective cation channel activity and express a gene related to the cGMP-gated rod photoreceptor channel. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 10262-10266, 1992.
    • (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.89 , pp. 10262-10266
    • Ahmad, I.1    Korbmacher, C.2    Segal, A.S.3    Cheung, P.4    Boulpaep, E.L.5    Barnstable, C.J.6
  • 2
    • 0023392426 scopus 로고
    • Phorbol myristate acetate, dioctanoylglycerol, and phosphatidic acid inhibit the hydroosmotic effect of vasopressin on rabbit cortical collecting tubule
    • Ando, Y., H. R. Jacobson, and M. Breyer. Phorbol myristate acetate, dioctanoylglycerol, and phosphatidic acid inhibit the hydroosmotic effect of vasopressin on rabbit cortical collecting tubule. J. Clin. Invest. 80: 590-593, 1987.
    • (1987) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.80 , pp. 590-593
    • Ando, Y.1    Jacobson, H.R.2    Breyer, M.3
  • 3
    • 0023900119 scopus 로고
    • Phorbol ester and A23187 have additive but mechanistically separate effects on vasopressin action in rabbit collecting tubule
    • Ando, Y., H. R. Jacobson, and M. D. Breyer. Phorbol ester and A23187 have additive but mechanistically separate effects on vasopressin action in rabbit collecting tubule. J. Clin. Invest. 81: 1578-1584, 1988.
    • (1988) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.81 , pp. 1578-1584
    • Ando, Y.1    Jacobson, H.R.2    Breyer, M.D.3
  • 4
    • 0020186512 scopus 로고
    • The effect of dexamethasone on renal electrolyte excretion in the adrenalectomized rat
    • Bia, M. J., K. Tyler, and R. A. DeFronzo. The effect of dexamethasone on renal electrolyte excretion in the adrenalectomized rat. Endocrinology 111: 882-888, 1982.
    • (1982) Endocrinology , vol.111 , pp. 882-888
    • Bia, M.J.1    Tyler, K.2    Defronzo, R.A.3
  • 5
    • 0026092752 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of water and salt transport in collecting duct through calcium-dependent signaling mechanisms
    • Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 29
    • Breyer, M. D. Regulation of water and salt transport in collecting duct through calcium-dependent signaling mechanisms. Am. J. Physiol. 260 (Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 29): F1-F11, 1991.
    • (1991) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.260
    • Breyer, M.D.1
  • 6
    • 0028206667 scopus 로고
    • Hormonal signaling and regulations of salt and water transport in the collecting duct
    • Breyer, M., and Y. Ando. Hormonal signaling and regulations of salt and water transport in the collecting duct. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 56: 711-739, 1994.
    • (1994) Annu. Rev. Physiol. , vol.56 , pp. 711-739
    • Breyer, M.1    Ando, Y.2
  • 7
    • 0027483065 scopus 로고
    • Epithelial sodium channel related to proteins involved in neurodegeneration
    • Canessa, C. M., J. D. Horisberger, and B. C. Rossier. Epithelial sodium channel related to proteins involved in neurodegeneration. Nature 361: 467-470, 1993.
    • (1993) Nature , vol.361 , pp. 467-470
    • Canessa, C.M.1    Horisberger, J.D.2    Rossier, B.C.3
  • 8
    • 0026553806 scopus 로고
    • + transport in primary cultures of rabbit cortical collecting duct cells
    • Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 31
    • + transport in primary cultures of rabbit cortical collecting duct cells. Am. J. Physiol. 262 (Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 31): F454-F461, 1992.
    • (1992) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.262
    • Canessa, C.M.1    Schafer, J.A.2
  • 10
    • 0030008098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whole cell and unitary amiloride-sensitive sodium currents in M-1 mouse cortical collecting duct cells
    • Cell Physiol. 39
    • Chalfant, M. L., T. G. O'Brien, and M. M. Civan. Whole cell and unitary amiloride-sensitive sodium currents in M-1 mouse cortical collecting duct cells. Am. J. Physiol. 270 (Cell Physiol. 39): C998-C1010, 1996.
    • (1996) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.270
    • Chalfant, M.L.1    O'Brien, T.G.2    Civan, M.M.3
  • 12
    • 0024991015 scopus 로고
    • Differences in synergistic actions of vasopressin and deoxycorticosterone in rat and rabbit CCD
    • Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 28
    • Chen, L., S. K. Williams, and J. A. Schafer. Differences in synergistic actions of vasopressin and deoxycorticosterone in rat and rabbit CCD. Am. J. Physiol. 259 (Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 28): F147-F156, 1990.
    • (1990) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.259
    • Chen, L.1    Williams, S.K.2    Schafer, J.A.3
  • 13
    • 0023735629 scopus 로고
    • Adrenocorticotropin and cortisol-induced changes in urinary sodium and potassium excretion in man: Effects of spironolactone and RU 486
    • Clore, J. N., H. Estep, H. Ross-Clunis, and C. O. Watlington. Adrenocorticotropin and cortisol-induced changes in urinary sodium and potassium excretion in man: effects of spironolactone and RU 486. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 67: 824-831, 1988.
    • (1988) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.67 , pp. 824-831
    • Clore, J.N.1    Estep, H.2    Ross-Clunis, H.3    Watlington, C.O.4
  • 15
    • 0029760268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone regulation of sodium channel γ-subunit mRNA in cortical collecting duct cells
    • Cell Physiol. 40
    • Denault, D. L., G. Fejes-Tóth, and A. Náray-Fejes-Tóth. Aldosterone regulation of sodium channel γ-subunit mRNA in cortical collecting duct cells. Am. J. Physiol. 271 (Cell Physiol. 40): C423-C428, 1996.
    • (1996) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.271
    • Denault, D.L.1    Fejes-Tóth, G.2    Náray-Fejes-Tóth, A.3
  • 16
    • 0029148045 scopus 로고
    • Renal sodium channels: Regulation and single channel properties
    • Eaton, D. C., A. Becchetti, H. Ma, and B. N. Ling. Renal sodium channels: regulation and single channel properties. Kidney Int. 48: 941-949, 1995.
    • (1995) Kidney Int. , vol.48 , pp. 941-949
    • Eaton, D.C.1    Becchetti, A.2    Ma, H.3    Ling, B.N.4
  • 17
    • 0029925586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feedback regulation of Na channels in rat CCD. IV. Mediation by activation of PKC
    • Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 39
    • Frindt, G., L. G. Palmer, and E. E. Windhager. Feedback regulation of Na channels in rat CCD. IV. Mediation by activation of PKC. Am. J. Physiol. 270 (Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 39): F371-F376, 1996.
    • (1996) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.270
    • Frindt, G.1    Palmer, L.G.2    Windhager, E.E.3
  • 18
    • 0027466605 scopus 로고
    • Feedback regulation of Na channels in rat CCT. II. Effects of inhibition of Na entry
    • Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 33
    • Frindt, G., R. B. Silver, E. E. Windhager, and L. G. Palmer. Feedback regulation of Na channels in rat CCT. II. Effects of inhibition of Na entry. Am. J. Physiol. 264 (Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 33): F565-F574, 1993.
    • (1993) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.264
    • Frindt, G.1    Silver, R.B.2    Windhager, E.E.3    Palmer, L.G.4
  • 19
    • 0025274145 scopus 로고
    • 2+-dependent inhibition of sodium transport in rabbit cortical collecting tubules
    • Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 27
    • 2+-dependent inhibition of sodium transport in rabbit cortical collecting tubules. Am. J. Physiol. 258 (Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 27): F568-F582, 1990.
    • (1990) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.258
    • Frindt, G.1    Windhager, E.E.2
  • 20
    • 0023743171 scopus 로고
    • Mineralocorticoid action: Target tissue specificity is enzyme, not receptor, mediated
    • Funder, J. W., P. T. Pearce, R. Smith, and A. I. Smith. Mineralocorticoid action: target tissue specificity is enzyme, not receptor, mediated. Science 242: 583-585, 1988.
    • (1988) Science , vol.242 , pp. 583-585
    • Funder, J.W.1    Pearce, P.T.2    Smith, R.3    Smith, A.I.4
  • 21
    • 0027322951 scopus 로고
    • + and water transport in Dahl SS rat CCD
    • + and water transport in Dahl SS rat CCD. Kidney Int. 44: 30-35, 1993.
    • (1993) Kidney Int. , vol.44 , pp. 30-35
    • Hawk, C.T.1    Schafer, J.A.2
  • 22
    • 0023490561 scopus 로고
    • 2 transport in the rabbit cortical collecting tubule
    • 2 transport in the rabbit cortical collecting tubule. J. Clin. Invest. 80: 1561-1570, 1987.
    • (1987) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.80 , pp. 1561-1570
    • Hays, S.R.1    Baum, M.2    Kokko, J.P.3
  • 23
    • 0019630286 scopus 로고
    • 2 interactions in cortical collecting tubule. I. Depression of sodium transport
    • Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 10
    • 2 interactions in cortical collecting tubule. I. Depression of sodium transport. Am. J. Physiol. 241 (Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 10): F452-F460, 1981.
    • (1981) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.241
    • Holt, W.F.1    Lechene, C.2
  • 24
    • 0025121168 scopus 로고
    • + transport across rat inner medullary collecting duct by glucocorticoid and by mineralocorticoid hormones
    • + transport across rat inner medullary collecting duct by glucocorticoid and by mineralocorticoid hormones. J. Clin. Invest. 86: 498-506, 1990.
    • (1990) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.86 , pp. 498-506
    • Husted, R.F.1    Laplace, J.R.2    Stokes, J.B.3
  • 25
    • 0027491626 scopus 로고
    • Whole-cell currents in single and confluent M-1 mouse cortical collecting duct cells
    • Korbmacher, C., A. S. Segal, G. Fejes-Toth, G. Giebisch, and E. L. Boulpaep. Whole-cell currents in single and confluent M-1 mouse cortical collecting duct cells. J. Gen. Physiol. 102: 761-793, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Gen. Physiol. , vol.102 , pp. 761-793
    • Korbmacher, C.1    Segal, A.S.2    Fejes-Toth, G.3    Giebisch, G.4    Boulpaep, E.L.5
  • 26
    • 0029101063 scopus 로고
    • Calcium and nucleotide-sensitive cation channel in M-1 mouse cortical collecting duct cells
    • Korbmacher, C., T. Volk, A. S. Segal, E. L. Boulpaep, and E. Fromter. Calcium and nucleotide-sensitive cation channel in M-1 mouse cortical collecting duct cells. J. Membr. Biol. 146: 29-45, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Membr. Biol. , vol.146 , pp. 29-45
    • Korbmacher, C.1    Volk, T.2    Segal, A.S.3    Boulpaep, E.L.4    Fromter, E.5
  • 27
    • 0026440446 scopus 로고
    • + transport by rat collecting duct cells in culture: Differences between glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoid hormones
    • + transport by rat collecting duct cells in culture: differences between glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoid hormones. J. Clin. Invest. 90: 1370-1378, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.90 , pp. 1370-1378
    • Laplace, J.R.1    Husted, R.F.2    Stokes, J.B.3
  • 28
    • 0028791208 scopus 로고
    • Amiloride-sensitive sodium channels in confluent M-1 mouse cortical collecting duct cells
    • Letz, B., A. Ackermann, C. M. Canessa, B. C. Rossier, and C. Korbmacher. Amiloride-sensitive sodium channels in confluent M-1 mouse cortical collecting duct cells. J. Membr. Biol. 148: 127-141, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Membr. Biol. , vol.148 , pp. 127-141
    • Letz, B.1    Ackermann, A.2    Canessa, C.M.3    Rossier, B.C.4    Korbmacher, C.5
  • 29
    • 0030976104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + channels in mouse CCD cells
    • Cell Physiol. 41
    • + channels in mouse CCD cells. Am. J. Physiol. 272 (Cell Physiol. 41): C657-C666, 1997.
    • (1997) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.272
    • Letz, B.1    Korbmacher, C.2
  • 31
    • 0029005859 scopus 로고
    • Cloning and expression of the beta and gamma subunits of the human epithelial sodium channel
    • Cell Physiol. 37
    • McDonald, F. J., P. M. Snyder, M. P. Price, and M. J. Welsh. Cloning and expression of the beta and gamma subunits of the human epithelial sodium channel. Am. J. Physiol. 268 (Cell Physiol. 37): C1157-C1163, 1995.
    • (1995) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.268
    • McDonald, F.J.1    Snyder, P.M.2    Price, M.P.3    Welsh, M.J.4
  • 32
    • 0029202030 scopus 로고
    • Adenosine inhibits arginine vasopressin-stimulated chloride secretion in a mouse IMCD cell line (mIMCD-K2)
    • Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 38
    • Moyer, B. D., D. E. McCoy, B. Lee, N. Kizer, and B. A. Stanton. Adenosine inhibits arginine vasopressin-stimulated chloride secretion in a mouse IMCD cell line (mIMCD-K2). Am. J. Physiol. 269 (Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 38): F884-F891, 1995.
    • (1995) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.269
    • Moyer, B.D.1    McCoy, D.E.2    Lee, B.3    Kizer, N.4    Stanton, B.A.5
  • 33
    • 0027960304 scopus 로고
    • Vasopressin activates a chloride conductance in cultured cortical collecting duct cells
    • Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 36
    • Nagy, E., A. Naray-Fejes-Toth, and G. Fejes-Toth. Vasopressin activates a chloride conductance in cultured cortical collecting duct cells. Am. J. Physiol. 267 (Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 36): F831-F838, 1994.
    • (1994) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.267
    • Nagy, E.1    Naray-Fejes-Toth, A.2    Fejes-Toth, G.3
  • 34
    • 0025027755 scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid receptors mediate mineralocorticoid-like effects in cultured collecting duct cells
    • Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 28
    • Naray-Fejes-Toth, A., and G. Fejes-Toth. Glucocorticoid receptors mediate mineralocorticoid-like effects in cultured collecting duct cells. Am. J. Physiol. 259 (Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 28): F672-F678, 1990.
    • (1990) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.259
    • Naray-Fejes-Toth, A.1    Fejes-Toth, G.2
  • 35
    • 0027295396 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of the Na-K pump of the rat cortical collecting tubule by aldosterone
    • Palmer, L. G., L. Antonian, and G. Frindt. Regulation of the Na-K pump of the rat cortical collecting tubule by aldosterone. J. Gen. Physiol. 102: 43-57, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Gen. Physiol. , vol.102 , pp. 43-57
    • Palmer, L.G.1    Antonian, L.2    Frindt, G.3
  • 36
    • 0023200809 scopus 로고
    • Effects of cell Ca and pH on Na channels from rat cortical collecting tubules. Effects of luminal Na and Li
    • Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 22
    • Palmer, L. G., and G. Frindt. Effects of cell Ca and pH on Na channels from rat cortical collecting tubules. Effects of luminal Na and Li. Am. J. Physiol. 253 (Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 22): F333-F339, 1987.
    • (1987) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.253
    • Palmer, L.G.1    Frindt, G.2
  • 37
    • 0022549387 scopus 로고
    • Sodium transport by rat cortical collecting tubule. Effects of vasopressin and deoxycorticosterone
    • Reif, M. C., S. L. Troutman, and J. A. Schafer. Sodium transport by rat cortical collecting tubule. Effects of vasopressin and deoxycorticosterone. J. Clin. Invest. 77: 1291-1298, 1986.
    • (1986) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.77 , pp. 1291-1298
    • Reif, M.C.1    Troutman, S.L.2    Schafer, J.A.3
  • 39
    • 0001316575 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of aldosterone action on sodium and potassium transport
    • edited by D. W. Seldin and G. Giebisch. New York: Raven
    • Rossier, B. C., and L. G. Palmer. Mechanisms of aldosterone action on sodium and potassium transport. In: The Kidney: Physiology and Pathophysiology, edited by D. W. Seldin and G. Giebisch. New York: Raven, 1992, p. 1373-1409.
    • (1992) The Kidney: Physiology and Pathophysiology , pp. 1373-1409
    • Rossier, B.C.1    Palmer, L.G.2
  • 41
    • 0025972087 scopus 로고
    • Na transport in isolated rat CCD: Effects of bradykinin, ANP, clonidine, and hydrochlorothiazide
    • Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 29
    • Rouch, A. J., L. Chen, and S. L. Troutman. Na transport in isolated rat CCD: effects of bradykinin, ANP, clonidine, and hydrochlorothiazide. Am. J. Physiol. 260 (Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 29): F86-F95, 1991.
    • (1991) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.260
    • Rouch, A.J.1    Chen, L.2    Troutman, S.L.3
  • 42
    • 0027414693 scopus 로고
    • Steroid hormone stimulation of Na transport in A6 cells is mediated via glucocorticoid receptors
    • Cell Physiol. 33
    • Schmidt, T. J., H. F. Russell, and J. B. Stokes. Steroid hormone stimulation of Na transport in A6 cells is mediated via glucocorticoid receptors. Am. J. Physiol. 264 (Cell Physiol. 33): C875-C884, 1993.
    • (1993) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.264
    • Schmidt, T.J.1    Russell, H.F.2    Stokes, J.B.3
  • 43
    • 0022829246 scopus 로고
    • Regulation by adrenal corticosteroids of sodium and potassium transport in loop of Henle and distal tubule of rat kidney
    • Stanton, B. A. Regulation by adrenal corticosteroids of sodium and potassium transport in loop of Henle and distal tubule of rat kidney. J. Clin. Invest. 78: 1612-1620, 1986.
    • (1986) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.78 , pp. 1612-1620
    • Stanton, B.A.1
  • 44
    • 0027467577 scopus 로고
    • Ion transport by the collecting duct
    • Stokes, J. B. Ion transport by the collecting duct. Semin. Nephrol. 13: 202-212, 1993.
    • (1993) Semin. Nephrol. , vol.13 , pp. 202-212
    • Stokes, J.B.1
  • 45
    • 0026516411 scopus 로고
    • Endothelium-derived relaxing factor inhibits transport and increases cGMP content in cultured mouse cortical collecting duct cells
    • Stoos, B. A., O. A. Carretero, R. D. Farhy, G. Scicli, and J. L. Garvin. Endothelium-derived relaxing factor inhibits transport and increases cGMP content in cultured mouse cortical collecting duct cells. J. Clin. Invest. 89: 761-765, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.89 , pp. 761-765
    • Stoos, B.A.1    Carretero, O.A.2    Farhy, R.D.3    Scicli, G.4    Garvin, J.L.5
  • 46
    • 0026776984 scopus 로고
    • ANF and bradykinin synergistically inhibit transport in M-1 cortical collecting duct cell line
    • Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 32
    • Stoos, B. A., O. A. Carretero, and J. L. Garvin. ANF and bradykinin synergistically inhibit transport in M-1 cortical collecting duct cell line. Am. J. Physiol. 263 (Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 32): F1-F6, 1992.
    • (1992) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.263
    • Stoos, B.A.1    Carretero, O.A.2    Garvin, J.L.3
  • 48
    • 0022415872 scopus 로고
    • Control of sodium and potassium transport in the cortical collecting duct of the rat. Effects of bradykinin, vasopressin, and deoxycorticosterone
    • Tomita, K., J. J. Pisano, and M. A. Knepper. Control of sodium and potassium transport in the cortical collecting duct of the rat. Effects of bradykinin, vasopressin, and deoxycorticosterone. J. Clin. Invest. 76: 132-136, 1985.
    • (1985) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.76 , pp. 132-136
    • Tomita, K.1    Pisano, J.J.2    Knepper, M.A.3
  • 49
    • 0030879756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An epithelial serine protease activates the amiloride-sensitive sodium channel
    • Vallet, V., A. Chraibi, H.-P. Gaeggeler, J.-D. Horisberger, and B. C. Rossier. An epithelial serine protease activates the amiloride-sensitive sodium channel. Nature 389: 607-610, 1997.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.389 , pp. 607-610
    • Vallet, V.1    Chraibi, A.2    Gaeggeler, H.-P.3    Horisberger, J.-D.4    Rossier, B.C.5
  • 50
    • 0024401969 scopus 로고
    • Effect of epidermal growth factor on sodium transport in the cortical collecting tubule
    • Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 25
    • Vehaskari, V. M., K. S. Hering-Smith, D. W. Moskowitz, I. D. Weiner, and L. L. Hamm. Effect of epidermal growth factor on sodium transport in the cortical collecting tubule. Am. J. Physiol. 256 (Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 25): F803-F809, 1989.
    • (1989) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.256
    • Vehaskari, V.M.1    Hering-Smith, K.S.2    Moskowitz, D.W.3    Weiner, I.D.4    Hamm, L.L.5
  • 51
    • 0026320439 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of sodium transport inhibition by epidermal growth factor in cortical collecting duct
    • Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 30
    • Vehaskari, V. M., J. Herndon, and L. L. Hamm. Mechanism of sodium transport inhibition by epidermal growth factor in cortical collecting duct. Am. J. Physiol. 261 (Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 30): F896-F903, 1991.
    • (1991) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.261
    • Vehaskari, V.M.1    Herndon, J.2    Hamm, L.L.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.