Changes in stress and burden in families seeking therapy following traumatic brain injury: A follow-up study

International Journal of Rehabilitation Research

Volumn 21, Issue 4, 1998, Pages 339-354

  Perlesz, Amaryll ^a,c   O'Loughlan, Mary ^b  

^a LA TROBE UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b Alfred Child Adol Mental Hlth S   (Australia)

^c Bouverie Centre   (Australia)

Author keywords

Counselling; Families; Psychosocial outcome; Traumatic brain injury

Indexed keywords

BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH;

FAMILY COUNSELLING;

PATIENT REHABILITATION;

ARTICLE; BRAIN INJURY; CAREGIVER; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COPING BEHAVIOR; FAMILY THERAPY; HUMAN; MARRIAGE; MOOD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SOCIAL ASPECT; STRESS;

EID: 0032419333     PISSN: 03425282     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00004356-199812000-00001     Document Type: Article

References (82)

1. Acquired Brain Damage Data Base Study. (1991). Report of 'Head Injury Impact' Project (Vol. 2). Melbourne: Transport Accident Commission, Community Services Victoria, Health Department Victoria.
2. Adams, N. (1996). Positive outcomes in families following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy, 17(2), 75-84.
3. Anderson-Parenté, J.K., DeCesare, A. and Parenté. R. (1990). Spouses who stayed. Cognitive Rehabilitation, Jan/Feb, 22-5.
4. Antonak, R.F., Livneh, H. and Antonak, C. (1993). A review of research on psychosocial adjustment to impairment in persons with traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 8(4), 87-100.
5. Banja, J.D. (1992). Tragedy and traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 7, 112-14.
6. Bech, P., Malt, U.F., Dencker, S.J., Ahlfors, U.G., Elgen, K., Lewander, T., Lundell, A., Simpson, G.M. and Lingjaerde, O. (1993). Scales for assessment of diagnosis and severity of mental disorders. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 87(Suppl. No. 372), 1-86.
7. Bishop, D.S. and Miller, I.W. (1988). Traumatic brain injury: empirical family assessment techniques. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 3(4), 16-30.
8. Brooks, D.N. (1991). The head-injured family. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 13, 155-88.
9. Brooks, N., Campsie, L., Symington, C., Beattie, A. and McKinlay, W. (1986). The five year outcome of severe blunt head injury: a relative's view. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 49, 764-800.
10. Brooks, N., Campsie, L., Symington, C., Beattie, A. and McKinlay, W. (1987). The effects of severe head injury on patient and relative within seven years of injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 2, 1-13.
11. Cooper, P., Osborn, M., Gath, D. and Feggetter, G. (1982). Evaluation of a modified self-report measure of social adjustment. British Journal of Psychiatry, 141, 68-75.
12. Daniel, A.E. (1983). Power, Privilege and Prestige: Occupations in Australia. Melbourne: Longman Cheshire.
13. Douglas, J.M. and Spellacy, F.J. (1996). Indicators of long-term family functioning following severe traumatic brain injury in adults. Brain Injury, 10(11), 819-40.
14. Gans, J.S. (1983). Hate in the rehabilitation setting. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 64, 176-9.
15. Gervasio, A.H. and Kreutzer, J.S. (1997). Kinship and family members' psychological distress after traumatic brain injury: a large sample study. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 12(3), 14-26.
16. Goldberg, D. (1978). Manual of the General Health Questionnaire. Windsor: N.F.E.R. Publishing Co.
17. Gordon, W.A. and Hibbard, M.R. (1992). Critical issues in cognitive rehabilitation. Neuropsychology, 6, 361-70.
18. Griffith, J.L. (1985). Multilevel patterns: Family therapy with neuropsychiatric patients. Family Systems Medicine, 3, 151-9.
19. Groveman, A.M. and Brown, E.W. (1985). Family therapy with closed head-injured patients: utilizing Kubler-Ross' Model. Family Systems Medicine, 3, 440-6.
20. Henry, P.W., Knippa, J. and Golden, C.J. (1985). A systems model for therapy with brain-injured adults and their families. Family Systems Medicine, 3, 427-39.
21. Herbert, J.T. (1989). Assessing the need for family therapy, a primer for rehabilitation counselors. Journal of Rehabilitation, 55, 45-51.
22. Jacobs, H.E. (1988). The Los Angeles head injury survey: procedures and initial findings. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 69, 425-31.
23. Jennett, B. (1990). Scale and scope of the problem. In Rehabilitation of the Adult and Child with Traumatic Brain Injury, 2nd edn (edited by M. Rosenthal, M.R. Bond, E.R. Griffith and J.D. Miller), pp. 3-7. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Co.
24. Kaplan, S.P. (1991). Psychosocial adjustment three years after traumatic brain injury. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 5(4), 360-9.
25. Kay, T and Cavallo, M.M. (1991). Evolutions: research and clinical perspectives on families. In Head Injury: A Family Matter (edited by J.M. Williams and T. Kay), pp. 121-50. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes.
26. Kinsella, G., Moran, C., Ford, B. and Ponsford, J. (1988). Emotional disorder and its assessment within the severe head-injured population. Psychological Medicine, 18, 57-63.
27. Kinsella, G., Ford, B. and Moran, C. (1989). Survival of social relationships following head injury. International Disability Studies, 11(1), 9-14.
28. Kozloff, R. (1987). Networks of social support and the outcome from severe head injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 2, 14-23.
29. Kraus, J.F., Black, M.A., B., Hessol, N., Ley, P., Rokaw, W., Sullivan, C., Bowers, F., Knowlton, N. and Marshall, L. (1984). The incidence of acute brain injury and serious impairment in a defined population. American Journal of Epidemiology, 119, 186-201.
30. Kreutzer, J.S., Marwitz, J.H. and Kepler, K. (1992). Traumatic brain injury: family response and outcome. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 73, 771-8.
31. Kreutzer, J.S., Gervasio, A.H. and Camplair, P.S. (1994). Primary caregivers' psychological status and family functioning after traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 8(3), 197-210.
32. Lamont, M. (1993). Stress in caregivers of head-injured persons. Unpublished Master's thesis, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
33. Leathem, J., Heath, E. and Woolley, C. (1996). Relatives' perceptions of role change, social support and stress after traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 10(1), 27-38.
34. Lezak, M.D. (1978). Living with the characterologically altered brain injured patient. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 39, 592-8.
35. Lezak, M.D. (1988). Brain damage is a family affair. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 10, 111-23.
36. Lezak, M.D. and O'Brien, K.P. (1988). Longitudinal study of emotional, social and physical changes after traumatic brain injury. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 21(8), 456-62.
37. Linn, R.T., Allen, K. and Willer, B.S. (1994). Affective symptoms in the chronic stage of traumatic brain injury: a study of married couples. Brain Injury, 8(2), 135-47.
38. Lira, F.T., Carne, W. and Masri, A.M. (1983). Treatment of anger and impulsivity in a brain damaged patient: a case study applying stress inoculation. Clinical Neuropsychology, 5(4), 159-60.
39. Liss, M. and Willer, B. (1990). Traumatic brain injury and marital relationships: a literature review. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 13, 309-20.
40. Livingston, M.G., Brooks, D.N. and Bond, M.R. (1985a). Three months after severe head injury: psychiatric and social impact on relatives. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 48, 870-75.
41. Livingston, M.G., Brooks, D.N. and Bond, M.R. (1985b). Patient outcomes in the year following severe head injury and relatives' psychiatric and social functioning. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 48, 876-81.
42. Maitz, E. (1990). The psychosocial sequelae of a severe closed head injury and their impact upon family systems. Unpublished Doctoral dissertation, Temple University, Philadelphia.
43. Maitz, E.A. (1991). Family systems theory applied to head injury. In Head Injury: A Family Matter (edited by J.M. Williams and T. Kay). pp. 65-80. Baltimore: Paul H. Brooks.
44. Malt, U.F. (1989). The validity of the General Health Questionnaire in a sample of accidently injured adults. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 80 (Suppl. 355), 103-12.
45. Mauss-Clum, N. and Ryan, M. (1981). Brain injury and the family. Journal of Neurosurgical Nursing, 13, 165-9.
46. McKinlay, W.W. and Hickox, A. (1988). How can families help in the rehabilitation of the head injured? Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 3(4), 64-72.
47. McKinlay, W.W., Brooks, D.N., Bond, M.R., Martinage, D.P. and Marshall, M.M. (1981). The short-term outcome of severe blunt head injury as reported by relatives of the injured persons. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 44, 527-33.
48. McLaughlin, A.M. and Carey, J.L. (1993). The adversarial alliance: developing therapeutic relationships between families and the team in brain injury rehabilitation, Brain Injury, 7, 45-52.
49. McMordie, W.R. and Barker, S. (1988). The financial trauma of head injury, Brain Injury, 2, 357-64.
50. McNair, D.M., Lorr, M. and Droppleman, L.F. (1981). Manual for the Profile of Mood States. San Diego, California: Educational and Industrial Testing Service.
51. Moore, A., Stambrook, M. and Peters, L. (1993). Centripetal and centrifugal family life cycle factors in long-term outcome following traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 7(3), 247-55.
52. Moore, A.D., Stambrook, M. and Peters, L.C. (1989). Coping strategies and adjustment after closed head injury: a cluster analytic approach. Brain Injury, 3(2), 171-5.
53. Moore, A.D., Stambrook, M., Peters, L.C. and Lubusko, A. (1991a). Family coping and marital adjustment after traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 6(1), 83-9.
54. Moore, A.D., Stambrook, M. and Wilson, K.G. (1991b). Cognitive moderators in adjustments to chronic illness: locus of control beliefs following traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 1(3), 185-98.
55. Moos, R.H. and Moos, B.S. (1981). Family Environment Scale Manual. Palo Alto CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
56. Oddy, M., Humphrey, M. and Uttley, D. (1978). Subjective impairment and social recovery after closed head injury. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 41, 611-16.
57. Oddy, M., Coughlan, T., Tyerman, A. and Jenkins, D. (1985). Social adjustment after closed head injury: a further follow-up seven years after injury. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 48, 564-8.
58. Palazzoli, M.S. (1980). Why a long interval between sessions. In Dimensions of Family Therapy (edited by M. Andolfi & I Zwerling), pp. 161-9. New York: Guilford Press.
59. Parry, A. (1985). Head injury: Factors relating to the adjustment of family members. Unpublished Master's thesis, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
60. Paterson, T. (1996). Leaving well alone: a systemic perspective on the therapeutic relationship. In The Therapeutic Relationship in Systemic Therapy (edited by C. Flaskas & A. Perlesz), pp. 15-33. London: Karnac Books.
61. Perlesz, A., Furlong, M. and McLachlan, D. (1992). Family work and acquired brain injury. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy, 13(3), 145-53.
62. Peters, L.C., Stambrook, M., Moore, A.D, and Esses, L. (1990). Psychosocial sequelae of closed head injury: effects on the marital relationship. Brain Injury, 4, 39-47.
63. Ponsford, J., Sloan, S. and Snow, P. (1995). Traumatic Brain Injury: Rehabilitation for Everyday Adaptive Living. Hove: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
64. Rosenbaum, M. and Najenson, T. (1976). Changes in life patterns and symptoms of low mood as reported by wives of severely brain-injured soldiers. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 44(6), 881-8.
65. Rosenthal, M. (1996). 1995 Sheldon Berrol, MD Senior Lectureship: The ethics and efficacy of traumatic brain injury rehabilitation - myths, measurements, and meaning. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 11(4), 88-95.
66. Rosenthal, M. and Young, T. (1988). Effective family intervention after traumatic brain injury: theory and practice. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 3, 42-50.
67. Sachs, P.R. (1991). Treating Families of Brain Injury Survivors. New York: Springer.
68. Shaw, L.R. and McMahon, B.T. (1990). Family-staff conflict in the rehabilitation setting: causes, consequences and implications. Brain Injury, 4, 87-93.
69. Smith, L.M. and Godfrey, H.P.D. (1995). Family Support Programs and Rehabilitation: A Cognitive-Behavioral Approach to Traumatic Brain Injury. New York: Plenum Press. SPSS Inc. (1986). SPSS/PC Plus. Chicago: Author.
70. Stambrook, M., Moore, A.D., Lubusko, A.A., Peters, L.C. and Blumenschein, S. (1993). Alternatives to the Glasgow Coma Scale as a quality of life predictor following traumatic brain injury. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 8, 95-103.
71. Szmukler, G.I., Herrman, H., Colusa, S., Benson, A. and Bloch, S. (1996). A controlled trial of a counselling intervention for caregivers of relatives with schizophrenia. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 31, 149-55.
72. Tabachnick, B.C. and Fidell, L.S. (1996). Using Multivariate Statistics, 3rd edn. New York: Harper Collins.
73. Tate, R.L., Lulham, J.M., Broe, G.A., Strettles, B. and Pfaff, A. (1989). Psychosocial outcome for the survivors of severe blunt head injury: the results from a consecutive series of 100 patients. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 52, 1128-34.
74. Tennant, C. (1977). The General Health Questionnaire: a valid index of psychological impairment in Australian populations. Medical Journal of Australia, 2, 392-4.
75. Thomsen, I.V. (1984). Late outcome of very severe blunt head trauma: a 10-15 year second followup. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 47, 260-8.
76. Weissman, M.M. and Bothwell, S. (1976). Assessment of social adjustment by patient self-report. Archives of General Psychiatry, 33, 1111-15.
77. Weissman, M.M., Prusoff, B.A., Thompson, W.D., Harding, P.S. and Myers, J.K. (1978). Social adjustment by self-report in a community sample and in psychiatric outpatients. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 166, 317-26.
78. Wood, R.L. and Yurdakul, L.K. (1997). Change in relationship status following traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 11(7), 491-502.
79. Wrate, R., Bishop, D. and Hill, D. (1987). Disability in the family [2 parts video tape]. Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh-MACMED, Brown University, Scottish Institute of Human Relations.
80. Zarski, J.J., Hall, D.E. and DePompei, R. (1987). Closed head injury patients: a family therapy approach to the rehabilitation process. American Journal of Family Therapy, 15, 62-8.
81. Zeigler, E.A. (1989). The importance of mutual support for spouses of head injury survivors. Cognitive Rehabilitation, May/June, 34-8.
82. Zimostrad, S.W. (1989). Brief systemic therapy for families of the closed head injured: therapy with two hands. Cognitive Rehabilitation. May/June, 26-8.