Cognitive Consequences of Problem-Based Learning for the Early Development of Medical Expertise

Teaching and Learning in Medicine

Volumn 10, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 92-100

  Hmelo, Cindy E ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0032389868     PISSN: 10401334     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1207/S15328015TLM1002_7     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Adams L, Kasserman J, Yearwood A, Perfetto G, Bransford J, Franks J. The effect of fact versus problem oriented acquisition. Memory & Cognition 1988;16:167-75.
2. Brown JS, Collins A, Duguid P. Situated cognition and the culture of learning. Educational Researcher 1989;18:32-41.
3. Schmidt HG. Foundations of problem-based learning: Some explanatory notes. Medical Education 1993;27:422-32.
4. Barrows HS. Practice-based learning: Problem-based learning applied to medical education. Springfield: Southern Illinois University, 1994.
5. Albanese MA, Mitchell S. Problem-based learning: A review of literature on its outcomes and implementation issues. Academic Medicine 1993;68:52-81.
6. Vernon DT, Blake RL. Does problem-based learning work?: A meta-analysis of evaluative research. Academic Medicine 1993;68:550-63.
7. Patel VL, Groen, GJ, Norman, GR. Reasoning and instruction in medical curricula. Cognition & Instruction 1993;10:335-78.
8. Hmelo CE, Gotterer GS, Bransford JD. A theory-driven approach to assessing the cognitive effects of PBL. Instructional Science 1997;25:387-48.
9. Elstein AS, Shulman, LS, Sprafka, SA. Medical problem solving: An analysis of clinical reasoning. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press, 1978.
10. Patel VL, Groen, GJ, Frederiksen, CH. Differences between medical students and doctors in memory for clinical cases. Medical Education 1986;20:3-9.
11. Feltovich PJ, Johnson PE, Moller JH, Swanson DB. LCS: The role and development of medical knowledge in diagnostic expertise. In WJ Clancy, EH Shortliffe (Eds.), Readings in medical artificial intelligence: The first decade (pp. 275-319). Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1984.
12. Boshuizen HPA, Hobus PPM, Custers EJFM, Schmidt HG. Cognitive effects of practical experience. In DA Evans, VL Patel (Eds.), Advanced models of cognition for medical training and practice (pp. 337-48). Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1992.
13. Lesgold A, Rubinson H, Feltovich P, Glaser R, Klopfer D, Wang, Y. Expertise in a complex skill: Diagnosing x-ray pictures. In MTH Chi, R Glaser, MJ Farr (Eds.), The nature of expertise (pp. 311-42). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., 1988.
14. Patel VL, Groen GJ, Arocha JF. Medical expertise as a function of task difficulty. Memory & Cognition 1990;18:394-406.
15. Schmidt HG, Norman GR, Boshiuzen HPA. A cognitive perspective on medical expertise: Theory and implications. Academic Medicine 1990;65:611-21.
16. Patel VL, Kaufman DR. Development of knowledge-based reasoning strategies with medical training. Cognitive Studies in Medicine: Centre for Medical Education, 1993.
17. Chi MTH, Bassok M, Lewis MW, Reimann P, Glaser R. Self-explanations: How students study and use examples in learning to solve problems. Cognitive Science 1989;13:145-82.
18. Norman GR, Trott AD, Brooks LR, Smith EK. Cognitive differences in clinical reasoning related to postgraduate training. Teaching and Learning in Medicine 1994;6:114-20.
19. Schmidt HG, Boshuizen HPA. On the origin of intermediate effects in clinical case recall. Memory and Cognition 1993;21:338-51.