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C. Nayak and F. Wilczek: Nucl. Phys. B 417 [FS] (1994) 359; ibid, B 430 [FS] (1994) 534; S. Chakravarty, R. E. Norton and O. F. Syljuasen: Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 (1995) 1423; I. Ichinose and T. Matsui: Nucl. Phys. B 441 [FS] (1995) 483; M. Onoda, I. Ichinose and T. Matsui: Nucl. Phys. B 446 [FS] (1995) 353.
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The GL theory for superconductivity was discussed by G. Baskaran and P. W. Anderson: Phys. Rev. B 37 (1988) 580; A. Nakamura and T. Matsui: Phys. Rev. B 37 (1988) 7940; I. Ichinose and T. Matsui: Phys. Rev. B 45 (1992) 9976. The implication of gauge symmetry in the normal channel was discussed in L. B. Ioffe and I. Larkin: Phys. Rev. B 39 (1989) 8988. The GL theory of the present paper is for the CSS transition.
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The GL theory for superconductivity was discussed by G. Baskaran and P. W. Anderson: Phys. Rev. B 37 (1988) 580; A. Nakamura and T. Matsui: Phys. Rev. B 37 (1988) 7940; I. Ichinose and T. Matsui: Phys. Rev. B 45 (1992) 9976. The implication of gauge symmetry in the normal channel was discussed in L. B. Ioffe and I. Larkin: Phys. Rev. B 39 (1989) 8988. The GL theory of the present paper is for the CSS transition.
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The GL theory for superconductivity was discussed by G. Baskaran and P. W. Anderson: Phys. Rev. B 37 (1988) 580; A. Nakamura and T. Matsui: Phys. Rev. B 37 (1988) 7940; I. Ichinose and T. Matsui: Phys. Rev. B 45 (1992) 9976. The implication of gauge symmetry in the normal channel was discussed in L. B. Ioffe and I. Larkin: Phys. Rev. B 39 (1989) 8988. The GL theory of the present paper is for the CSS transition.
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x1 + x2α0)) behave similarly, denying such a possibility.
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4 of eq. (2.3) as in ref. 16. We assumed the uniform RVB, Without setting the spatial phases as variational parameters as in their case.
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xi even in the CSS phase. Therefore it is expected that effects of the spin gap are observed differently from those in the conventional BCS state.
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41
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85034471628
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This result stems from the fact that gauge boson is composite. In the ordinary elementary gauge-boson systems, the deconfinement phase is always realized at sufficiently high temperatures.
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