High- Versus Low-Context Culture: A Comparison of Chinese, Korean, and American Cultures

Psychology and Marketing

Volumn 15, Issue 6, 1998, Pages 507-521

  Kim, Donghoon ^a   Pan, Yigang ^b   Park, Heung Soo ^b  

^a Yonsei University   (South Korea)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0032384055     PISSN: 07426046     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1520-6793(199809)15:6<507::AID-MAR2>3.0.CO;2-A     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Adorno, T. W., Levinson, D. J., Frenkel-Brunswik, E., & Sanford, R. N. (1950). The authoritarian personality. New York: Harper.
2. Bales, R., & Couch, A. (1969). The value profile: A factor analytic study of value statements. Sociological Inquiry, 39, 3-17.
3. Cacioppo, J. T., & Petty, R. E. (1982). The need for cognition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, 116-131.
4. Cacioppo, J. T., Petty, R. E., & Kao, C. F. (1984). The efficient assessment of need for cognition. Journal of Personality Assessment, 48, 306-307.
5. Cateora, P. R. (1993). International marketing, (8th ed.). Chicago: Irwin.
6. Christie, R., Havel, J., & Seidenberg, B. (1958). Is the F scale irreversible? Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 56, 143-159.
7. Chua, E. G., and Gudykunst, W. B. (1987). Conflict resolution styles in low- and high-context cultures. Communication Research Reports, 4, 32-37.
8. Cohen, A. R. (1957). Need for cognition and order of communication as determinants of opinion change. In C. I. Hovland (Ed.), The order of presentation in persuasion. New Haven: Conn. Yale University Press.
9. Czinkota, M. R., & Ronkainen, I. A. (1990). International marketing, (2nd ed). Hinsdale, IL: The Dryden Press.
10. Graham, J. L., Kim, D. K., Lin, C. Y., and Robinson, M. (1988). Buyer-seller negotiation around the Pacific Rim: Differences in fundamental exchange processes. Journal of Consumer Research, 15, 48-54.
11. Gudykunst, W. B., and Nishida, T. (1986). Attributional confidence in low- and high-context cultures. Human Communication Research, 12, 525-549.
12. Hall, E. T. (1976). Beyond culture, New York:Anchor Press-Doubleday.
13. Jain, S. C. (1990). International marketing management (3rd ed.) Boston: PWS-Kent.
14. Keegan, W. J. (1989). Global marketing management (4th ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
15. Okabe, R. (1983). Cultural assumptions of East and West: Japan and the United States. In E. Gudykunst (ed.), Intercultural communication theory: Current perspectives (pp. 21-44). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
16. Onkvisit, S., and Shaw, J. J. (1993). International marketing: Analysis and strategy (2nd ed.). New York: Macmillan.
17. Rokeach, M. (1967). Value survey. Sunnyvale, CA: Halgren Tests.
18. Rokeach, M. (1973). The nature of human values. New York: Free Press.
19. Tse, D. K., Lee, K., Vertinsky, I., and Wehrung, D. A. (1988). Does culture matter? A cross-cultural study of executives' choice, decisiveness, and risk adjustment in international marketing. Journal of Marketing, 52, 81-95.
20. Vanhonacker, W. R. (1988). China: A high-context culture and some practical implications. Working paper, Columbia University.