Demodulation scheme for fiber Bragg grating sensors based on active control of the spectral response of a wavelength division multiplexer

Applied Optics

Volumn 37, Issue 34, 1998, Pages 7940-7946

  Araújo, Francisco M ^a   Ferreira, Luís A ^a   Santos, José L ^a,b   Farahi, Faramarz ^c  

^a INESC   (Portugal)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PORTO   (Portugal)

^c UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHARLOTTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLOSED LOOP CONTROL SYSTEMS; DEMODULATION; DIFFRACTION GRATINGS; FIBER OPTIC SENSORS; INSERTION LOSSES; LIGHT AMPLIFIERS; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; OPTICAL FIBER COUPLING; PIEZOELECTRIC TRANSDUCERS; SPECTRUM ANALYZERS; THERMAL EFFECTS; WAVELENGTH DIVISION MULTIPLEXING;

FIBER BRAGG GRATING SENSORS; FUSED BICONICAL TAPER METHOD; SPECTRAL RESPONSE; WAVELENGTH DIVISION MULTIPLEXER;

MULTIPLEXING EQUIPMENT;

EID: 0032374832     PISSN: 1559128X     EISSN: 21553165     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/AO.37.007940     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. E. Udd, C. M. Laurence, and D. V. Nelson, “Development of a three-axis strain and temperature fiber optic grating sensor, ” in Smart Structures and Materials 1997: Smart Sensing, Processing, and Instrumentation, R. O. Claus, ed., Proc. SPIE 3042, 229-236 (1997).
2. R. M. Measures, A. T. Alavie, R. Maaskant, M. Ohn, S. Karr, and S. Huang, “A structurally integrated Bragg grating laser sensing system for a carbon fiber prestressed concrete highway bridge, ” Smart Mater. Struct. 4, 20-30 (1995).
3. H. Sing and J. S. Sirkis, “Simultaneously measuring temperature and strain using optical fiber microcavities, ” J. Lightwave Technol. 15, 647-653 (1997).
4. K. O. Hill and G. Meltz, “Fiber Bragg grating technology fundamentals and overview, ” J. Lightwave Technol. 15, 1263-1276 (1997).
5. A. D. Kersey, M. A. Davis, H. J. Patrick, M. LeBlanc, K. P. Koo, C. G. Askins, M. A. Putnam, and E. J. Friebele, “Fiber grating sensors, ” J. Lightwave Technol. 15, 1442-1462 (1997).
6. S. M. Melle, K. Liu, and R. M. Measures, “Practical fiber-optic Bragg grating strain gauge system, ” Appl. Opt. 32, 3601-3609 (1993).
7. M. A. Davis and A. D. Kersey, “All-fiber Bragg grating strainsensor demodulation technique using a wavelength division coupler, ” Electron. Lett. 30, 75-77 (1994).
8. Q. Zhang, D. A. Brown, H. Kung, J. E. Townsend, M. Chen, L. J. Reinhart, and T. F. Morse, “Use of highly overcoupled couplers to detect shifts in Bragg wavelength, ” Electron. Lett. 31, 480-482 (1995).
9. A. B. Lobo Ribeiro, L. A. Ferreira, M. Tsvetkov, and J. L. Santos, “All-fiber interrogation technique for fiber Bragg sensors using a biconical fiber filter, ” Electron. Lett. 32, 382-383 (1996).
10. L. A. Ferreira and J. L. Santos, “Demodulation scheme for fiber Bragg sensors based on source spectral characteristics, ” Pure Appl. Opt. 5, 257-261 (1996).
11. A. D. Kersey, M. A. Davis, and T. Tsai, “Fiber optic Bragg grating strain sensor with direct reflectometric interrogation, ” in Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors, Y. Ohtsuka and T. Yoshino, eds. (Japan Society of Applied Physics, Sapporo, Japan, 1996), pp. 634-637.
12. T. Coroy and R. M. Measures, “Active wavelength demodulation of a Bragg grating fiber optic strain sensor using a quantum well electroabsorption filtering detector, ” Electron. Lett. 32, 1811-1812 (1996).
13. A. D. Kersey, T. A. Berkoff, and W. W. Morey, “Multiplexed fiber Bragg grating strain-sensor system with a fiber Fabry-Perot wavelength filter, ” Opt. Lett. 18, 1370-1372 (1993).
14. M. G. Xu, H. Geiger, J. L. Archambault, L. Reekie, and J. P. Dakin, “Novel interrogating system for fiber Bragg grating sensors using an acousto-optic tunable filter, ” Electron. Lett. 29, 1510-1511 (1993).
15. D. A. Jackson, A. B. Lobo Ribeiro, L. Reekie, and J. L. Archam-bault, “Simple multiplexing scheme for a fiber-optic grating sensor network, ” Opt. Lett. 18, 1192-1194 (1993).
16. M. J. F. Digonnet and H. J. Shaw, “Analysis of a tunable single mode optical fiber coupler, ” J. Quantum Electron. QE-18, 746-754 (1982).
17. H. Berthou and L. Falco, “Switching characteristics of a piezoelectrical actuated evanescent-wave directional coupler, ” Electron. Lett. 23, 469-471 (1987).
18. J. Bures, S. Lacroix, and J. Lapierre, “Analyse d’un coupler bidirectionnel a fibre optiques monomodes fusionnees, ” Appl. Opt. 22, 1918-1922 (1983).
19. B. S. Kawasaki, M. Kawachi, K. O. Hill, and D. C. Johnson, “A single-mode-fiber coupler with a variable coupling ratio, ” J. Lightwave Technol. 1, 176-178 (1983).
20. T. A. Birks, “Twist-induced tuning in tapered fiber couplers, ” Appl. Opt. 28, 4226-4233 (1989).
21. S. Celashi, J. T. De Jesus, and F. M. Smolka, “All-fiber tunable beam splitter, ” in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, Vol. 7 of 1988 Technical Digest Series (Optical Society of America, Washington, D.C., 1988), pp. 358-359.
22. A. Booysen, S. J. Spammer, and P. L. Swart, “Ratiometric fiber optic sensor utilizing a fused biconically tapered coupler, ” in Fiber Optic and Laser Sensors IX, R. P. DePaula and E. Udd, eds., Proc. SPIE 1584, 273-279 (1991).
23. R. G. Lamont, D. C. Johnson, and K. O. Hill, “Power transfer in fused biconical-taper single-mode fiber couplers: Dependence on external refractive index, ” Appl. Opt. 24, 327-332 (1995).
24. M. B. J. Diemeer, W. J. De Vries, and K. W. Benoist, “Fused coupler switch using a thermo-optic cladding, ” Electron. Lett. 24, 457-458 (1988).
25. F. P. Paine, C. D. Hussey, and M. S. Yataki, “Modeling fused single-mode-fiber couplers, ” Electron. Lett. 21, 461-462 (1985).
26. R. P. Kenny, T. A. Birks, and K. P. Oakley, “Control of optical fiber taper shape, ” Electron. Lett. 27, 1654-1656 (1991).
27. J. D. Love and W. M. Henry, “Quantifying loss minimization in single-mode fiber tapers, ” Electron. Lett. 22, 912-914 (1986).