Dipole and induced electric polarization of water in liquid and solid phase: A laboratory experiment

American Journal of Physics

Volumn 66, Issue 9, 1998, Pages 833-835

  Lewowski, Tadeusz ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WROC AW   (Poland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0032354957     PISSN: 00029505     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1119/1.18968     Document Type: Article

References (6)

1. R. A. Serway, Physics for Scientists & Engineers (Saunders College Publishing, Philadelphia, 1992), 3rd ed., updated version, pp. 710-729.
2. D. Halliday, R. Resnick, and J. Walker, Fundamentals of Physics (Wiley, New York, 1993), 4th ed., pp. 751-757.
3. International Critical Tables (Mc Graw-Hill, New York London, 1929), Vol. VI, pp. 77-79.
4. r(max) is 41 W, but in our experiment the power of 10-15 W is fully sufficient. Similar Peltier elements are supplied in the US by Melcor, 990 Spruce street, Trenton NJ 609-3934178.
5. pp at 50 Ω) made by Meratronik (Poland) was used. It may be replaced for example by a wide range function generator of the type SB-9549A produced by Pasco Scientific, USA (see Internet www.pasco.com, or by Power Frequency Generator 13650.93 from PHYWE (Physics Catalogue 3.22, Göttingen Germany). A low cost sine wave 1-MHz generator may be built, using integrated circuit type MAX 038 CPP produced by Maxim, or MC 12060 produced by Motorola.
6. We have used the multimeter of the type V 640 produced by Meratronik (Poland) equipped with calibrated high-frequency probe (2,4 pF, 300 kΩ).