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The present work has been first presented at the Adriatico Workshop Quantum Interferometry, Trieste, March 1996 and published in the Proceedings: Quantum Interferometry, F. De Martini, G. Denardo and Y. Shih editors (VCH, Weinheim 1997).
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L. MANDEL, Opt. Letters, 16, 1882 (1991); Z. OU and L. MANDEL, Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 50 (1988); Y. SHIH and C. ALLEY, Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 2921 (1988). The disappearance of any interference effect upon excitation by a "statistical mixture" of two-particle product-states with mutually orthogonal e-and o-polarizations has been tested in our experiment by spoiling the entangled nature of the state-vector |Ψ〉 by simple insertion of a π-analyzer on one of, or both i-modes.
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G. JAEGER, M. A. HORNE and A. SHIMONY, Phys. Rev. A 48, 1023 (1991) and G. JAEGER, A. SHIMONY and L. VAIDMAN, Phys. Rev. A, 51, 54 (1995). An analogous result, first presented at the Adriatico Workshop Quantum Interferometry, Trieste, March 1996 and published in the Proceedings (cfr Ref. [2]) has been obtained by adoption of a different experimental scheme and of a non entangled two particle state by: T. B. PITTMAN, D. V. STREKALOV, A. MIGDALL, M. H. RUBIN, A. V. SERGIENKO and Y. H. SHIH: Cfr. also: Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 1917 (1996).
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For details of the novel technique of phase-tunable-entanglement: cfr. Ref. [2]. There the origin of the entanglement phase is thouroughly investigated on the basis if the linear and NL optics of birefringent crystals.
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0010146829
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to be published
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Q = V may be violated and a new interesting phenomenology appears. This has been shown recently by: G. DI GIUSEPPE, L. HEIBERGER, F. DE MARTINI and V. A. SERGIENKO (to be published) and by: F. DE MARTINI, G. DI GIUSEPPE and V. A. SERGIENKO Phys. Rev. A, 56, R21 (1997) for type-II collinear and for noncollinear PDC interaction, respectively.
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Q = V may be violated and a new interesting phenomenology appears. This has been shown recently by: G. DI GIUSEPPE, L. HEIBERGER, F. DE MARTINI and V. A. SERGIENKO (to be published) and by: F. DE MARTINI, G. DI GIUSEPPE and V. A. SERGIENKO Phys. Rev. A, 56, R21 (1997) for type-II collinear and for noncollinear PDC interaction, respectively.
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i detectors and oriented parallel to the o-or e-polarization cancel the effect of one of the two amplitudes without changing the overall phenomenology. However if that analyzer is placed between the source and the BS, the entangled state is replaced by a "statistical mixture", and all interference effects are cancelled, as shown by (12): cfr. Rets. [3] and [9].
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23
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2, the coherence-time of the state of the single atom of the photocathode that actually realizes the final act of detection. This is just a simple illustration of the content of an insightful statement by L. Mandel according to which the nature of the quantum state-vector of a system, and then its dynamics, "reflects not only what is actually known but . . . what is knowable in principle": L. WANG, X. ZOU and L. MANDEL, Phys. Rev. A 44, 4614 (1991).
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K. MATTLE, H. WEINFURTER, P. G. KWIAT and A. ZEILINGER, work first presented at the Adriatico Workshop Quantum Interferometry, Trieste, March 1996 and published in the Proceedings (cfr: Ref. [2]): also in: Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 4656 (1996).
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i's. The experiment shown in Fig. 6 is presently in progress in our Laboratory. An IF argument similar to the present one involving two particle non-entangled states has been discussed by: J. G. RARITY and P. R. TAPSTER in Quantum Interferometry, F. DE MARTINI, G. DENARDO and A. ZEILINGER editors (World Scientific, New York, 1994).
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