Variation in offspring sex ratios in the northern water snake (Nerodia sipedon)

Canadian Journal of Zoology

Volumn 76, Issue 12, 1998, Pages 2200-2206

  Weatherhead, Patrick J ^a   Brown, Gregory P ^a   Prosser, Melanie R ^b   Kissner, Kelley J ^a  

^a CARLETON UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MATERNAL EFFECT; SEX RATIO; SNAKE; TEMPERATURE EFFECT;

NERODIA SIPEDON; SERPENTES; VERTEBRATA;

EID: 0032323203     PISSN: 00084301     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/cjz-76-12-2200     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. Barry, F.E., Weatherhead, P.J., and Philipp, D.P. 1992. Multiple paternity in a wild population of northern water snakes (Nerodia sipedon). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 30: 193-199.
2. Beuchat, C.A., and Ellner, S. 1987. A quantitative test of life history theory: thermoregulation by a viviparous lizard. Ecol. Monogr. 57: 45-60.
3. Brown, G.P., and Weatherhead, P.J. 1997. Effects of reproduction on survival and growth of female northern water snakes, Nerodia sipedon. Can. J. Zool. 75: 424-432.
4. Bull, J.J. 1983. Evolution of sex determining mechanisms. Benjamin Cummings, Menlo Park, Calif.
5. Burger, J., and Zappalorti, R.T. 1988. Effects of incubation temperature on sex ratios in pine snakes: differential vulnerability of males and females. Am. Nat. 132: 492-505.
6. Charnov, E.L. 1982. The theory of sex allocation. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J.
7. Dunlap, K.D., and Lang, J.W. 1990. Offspring sex ratio varies with maternal size in the common garter snake. Copeia, 1990: 568-570.
8. Godfray, H.C.J., and Werren, J.H. 1996. Recent developments in sex ratio studies. Trends Ecol. Evol. 11: 59-63.
9. Gregory, P.T. 1977. Life history patterns of the red-sided garter snake. Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis, in an extreme environment, the interlake region of Manitoba. Natl. Mus. Can. Publ. Zool. 13: 1-44.
10. Hamilton, W.D. 1967. Extraordinary sex ratios. Science (Washington, D.C.), 156: 477-488.
11. Leimar, O. 1996. Life-history analysis of the Trivers and Willard sex-ratio problem. Behav. Ecol. 7: 316-325.
12. Lernen, C.A., and Voris, H.K. 1981. A comparison of reproductive strategies among marine snakes. J. Anim. Ecol. 50: 89-102.
13. Madsen, T., and Shine, R. 1992. Sexual competition among brothers may influence offspring sex ratio in snakes. Evolution, 46: 1549-1552.
14. Osgood, D.W. 1978. Effects of temperature on the development of meristic characters in Natrix fasciata. Copeia, 1978: 33-47.
15. Parker, W.S., and Plummer, M.V. 1987. Population ecology. In Snakes: ecology and evolutionary biology. Edited by R.A. Seigel, J.T. Collins, and S.S. Novak. Macmillan Publishing Co., New York. pp. 253-301.
16. Prosser, M.R., Gibbs, H.L., and Weatherhead, P.J. 1999. Microgeographic population structure in the northern water snake, Nerodia sipedon sipedon, detected using microsatellite DNA markers. Mol. Ecol. 8: 329-333.
17. SAS Institute Inc. 1994. JMP statistics and graphics guide. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, N.C.
18. Shine, R. 1978. Sexual size dimorphism and male combat in snakes. Oecologia, 33: 269-277.
19. Shine, R., and Bull, J.J. 1977. Skewed sex ratios in snakes. Copeia, 1977: 228-234.
20. Trivers, R., and Willard, D.E. 1973. Natural selection of parental ability to vary the sex ratio of offspring. Science (Washington, D.C.), 179: 90-91.
21. Weatherhead, P.J., Barry, F.E., Brown, G.P., and Forbes, M.R. 1995. Sex ratios, mating behavior and sexual size dimorphism of the northern water snake, Nerodia sipedon. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 36: 301-311.