Environmental impacts of product systems in a life cycle perspective: A survey of five product types based on life cycle assessments studies

Journal of Cleaner Production

Volumn 6, Issue 3-4, 1998, Pages 299-311

  Hanssen, Ole Jørgen ^a  

^a Ostfold Research   (Norway)

Author keywords

Environmental impacts; Life cycle assessments; Product types

Indexed keywords

ENERGY UTILIZATION; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT; INDUSTRIAL WASTES; LIFE CYCLE; STATISTICAL TESTS;

LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT (LCA);

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING;

EID: 0032304065     PISSN: 09596526     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/s0959-6526(98)00031-6     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Rydberg T. Improved environmental performance of products. Halocarbons, packaging development and life cycle assessment. Dr. Thesis, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden, 1994.
2. Christiansen K, Heijungs R, Rydberg T, Ryding S-O, Sund L, Wijnen H, Void M, Hanssen OJ, editors. Application of Life Cycle Assessments (LCA). Report from Expert Workshop at Hankø, Norway on LCA in Strategic Management, Product Development and Improvement, Marketing and Ecolabelling and Governmental Policies. Østfold Research Foundation Research Report OR.29.95, 1995.
3. Hanssen OJ, Rønning A, Rydberg T. Sustainable product development. Methods and experiences from case projects. Final results from the NEP project. Research Paper OR 28.95, Østfold Research Foundation, 1995.
4. Ehrenfeld J. Industrial ecology: a strategic framework for product policy and other sustainable practices. In: Swedish Ministry of Environment and natural resources: green goods. Conference Preparation Document, Second International Conference on Product Oriented Environmental Policy, Saltsjöbaden, Stockholm, 1994:32-68.
5. Ryan C. Designing cleaner products; factors affecting the ecodesign of products and some implications for the UNEP cleaner production program. Paper presented at UNEP Conference on Cleaner Production, Paris, October 1992.
6. Society for Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC). A technical framework for life cycle assessments. Washington, DC:SETAC, 1991.
7. Heijungs R, Guinèe JB, Huppes G, Lankreijer RM, Udo de Haes HA, Wegener Sleeswijk A, Ansems AMM, Eggers PG, van Duin R, de Goede HP. Environmental life cycle assessment of products - guide and backgrounds. Leiden: Center of Environmental Science, Leiden University, 1992.
8. Vigon BW, Tolle DA, Cornaby BW, Latham HC, Harrison CL, Boguski TL, Hunt RG, Sellers JD. Life cycle assessment: inventory guidelines and principles. US EPA No. 600/R-92/036, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1992.
9. Consoli F, Allen D, Boustead I, Fava J, Franklin W, Jensen AA, deOude N, Parrish R, Perriman R, Postlethwaite D, Quay B, Sèguin J, Vigon B. Guidelines for life-cycle assessment: "Code of Practice". Brussels: SETAC, 1993.
10. Nordic Council of Ministers (Nord 1995). Nordic guidelines on product life-cycle assessments. NORD, 1995;20.
11. Rønning A, Hanssen OJ, Møller H. Environmentally sound product development of offshore coatings. Østfold Research Foundation Project Report OR.40.95, 1995.
12. Ekvall T. Principles for allocation at multi-output and cascade recycling. In: Proceedings of the European Workshop on Allocation in LCA, CML, Leiden, 1994:91-101.
13. Lindfors LG, Christiansen K, Hoffmann L, Virtanen Y, Juntilla V, Leskinen A, Hanssen OJ, Rønning A, Ekvall T, Finnveden G. LCA Nordic Technical Reports Nos 1-9. Tema Nord, 1995:502.
14. Ryding S-O, Steen B. The EPS environment method, an application of environmental accounting principles for evaluation and valuation of environmental impacts in product design. Swedish Environmental Research Institute Report, Gothenburgh, 1992.
15. Baumann H. Utvärdering med index. Beräkning av två uppsättingar norska index. CIT-ekologic, Chalmers Industriteknik, Gøteborg, 1992: 2.
16. Baumann H, Ekvall T, Kullmann M, Rydberg T, Ryding S-O, Steen B, Svensson G. Miljömessiga skilnader mellom återvinning/återanvending och förbränning/deponering. Reforsk FOU Report 79, Malmö, 1993.
17. Baumann H, Rydberg T. Life Cycle Assessment: a comparison between three methods for impact analysis and valuation. J Cleaner Prod 1994;2:13-20.
18. Hanssen OJ, Førde JS, Thoresen J. Environmental indicator and index systems. An overview and test of different approaches. A pilot study for Statoil. Østfold Research Foundation, Research Report OR 17.94, 1994.
19. Lindfors LG, Christiansen K, Hoffmann L, Virtanen Y, Juntilla V, Leskinen A, Hanssen OJ, Rønning A, Ekvall T, Finnveden G. LCA Nordic Technical Report No. 10 and Special Reports Nos 1-2. Tema Nord, 1995: 503.
20. Ryding S-O (editor). Environmentally sound product development. AB Industrilitteratur, Stockholm, 1995 (in Swedish).
21. Keoleian GA, Menery D. Sustainable development by design: review of life cycle design and related approaches. Air and Waste 1994;44:645-68.
22. Bjørnsen J, Hanssen OJ, Møller H. Life cycle assessment of a mud gas separator for offshore applications. AMAT, Sandefjord, Norway, 1995.
23. Rydberg T, Sjöström K, Karlsson L, Larson P, Videsson A, Hanssen OJ. Environmentally sound product development of installation cables. Case study from the NEP project at ABB Bjurhagen, CIT report.
24. Øksdal E, Hanssen OJ, Larsen JA. Environmentally oriented product development of carbon lining. Report from case study under the NEP project at Elkem Carbon. Østfold Research Foundation, Project Report OR.30.95, 1995.
25. Hirschhorn JS, Oldenburg K. Prosperity without Pollution. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1991.
26. Finnveden G. Landfilling - a forgotten part of Life Cycle Assessments. NORD 1992;9:263-80.
27. Sundqvist JO, Finnveden G, Albertsson A-C, Karlsson S, Berendson J, Eriksson E, Höglund L-O. Life Cycle Assessment and solid waste. Waste Research Council, Report 29, 1994.
28. Rydberg T, Lundahl L, Swan G, Otto T, Tanner T, Hanssen. Environmentally sound product and process development of milk Tetra Brik packaging. Case study from the NEP project at Tetra Pak. CIT report, 1995.
29. Thoresen J, Førde JS, Sæter B, Hanssen OJ. Evaluation of governmental policies and regulations in a life cycle perspective. A study based in three plastic products. Research Report OR.10.95, Østfold Research Foundation, 1995 (in Norwegian).
30. Vold M, Rønning A. LCA of cement and concrete - main report. Østfold Research Foundation Project Report OR.32.95, 1995.
31. Hanssen OJ, Asbjørnsen OA. A life cycle optimization model for environmental performance of product systems (CYCLOPS). J Cleaner Prod, submitted.
32. Møller H, Økstad E. Environmental and resource aspects of packaging products - based on Life Cycle Assessments. Østfold Research Foundation Research Report OR.12.95, 1995 (in Norwegian).
33. Ayres RU. Life cycle analysis: a critique. Working Paper 94/33/EPS. Centre for the Management of Environmental Resources, 1994.
34. Rønning A, Hanssen OJ, Møller H, Gade AL, Haug UC. Life Cycle Assessment of paint products. Østfold Research Foundation Project Report OR76.93, 1993.
35. Hanssen OJ, Asbjørnsen OA. Statistical properties of emission factors in Life Cycle Assessments. J Cleaner Prod 1996;4:149-57.
36. Førde JS, Hanssen OJ, Rønning A. Life Cycle Assessment of fuel products. Østfold Research Foundation Report 50.93, 1993.
37. Førde J, Rekdal E, Kårvåg SE, Rønning A, Hanssen OJ. Environmentally sound product development of light fittings. Case-project report from the NEP-project at Glamox AS in Molde, Norway. Østfold Research Foundation OR.36.95, 1995.
38. Goedkoop M. Evaluation in the NOH eco-indicator. In: Ryding S-O, editor. Proceedings from the International Workshop on Environmentally Sound Product Development, Saltsjöbaden, Stockholm, 5 December. Østfold Research Foundation Working Paper AR.06.95, 1995.
39. Goedkoop M. Impact assessment for ecodesign applications -beyond distance to target. In: Christiansen et al., editors. Application of Life Cycle Assessments (LCA). Report from Expert Workshop at Hankø, Norway. Østfold Research Foundation, Research Report OR.29.95, 1995:3-16 (Appendices).