Legitimacy and economic reform in the Arab world

Journal of North African Studies

Volumn 3, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 71-92

  Murphy, Emma C ^a  

^a DURHAM UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARAB WORLD; ECONOMIC POLICY; ECONOMIC REFORM; POLITICAL CHANGE; STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT;

(NORTH); AFRICA; MIDDLE EAST;

EID: 0032231795     PISSN: 13629387     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13629389808718338     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. D. Easton, A Systems Analysis of Political Life (New York: Wiley, 1965) p.278.
2. S.M. Lipset, Political Man: The Social Basis of Politics, (Garden City, NJ: Doubleday, 1960) p.77.
3. D. Rustow, A World of Nations: Problems of Political Modernisation, (Washington DC: Brookings Institution, 1967).
4. M. Hudson, Arab Politics: The Search for Legitimacy (New Haven CT: Yale University Press, 1977) p.4.
5. Fred Halliday has identified this link between legitimacy and a return to the past in the teachings of Ayatollah Khomeini of Iran, indicating that the era of Islamic unity and greatness, however much romanticised, can be used to create legitimacy in a rejection of all things modern, even beyond the Arab world. See Fred Halliday, 'The Iranian Revolution: Uneven Development and Religious Populism' in Fred Halliday and Hainza Alavi (eds), State and Ideology in the Middle East and Pakistan, (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1988) p.33.
6. See Hazem Beblawi, 'The rentier state in the Arab world' in Hazem Beblawi and Giacomo Luciani, The Rentier State, (London: Croom Helm, 1987) pp.49-62.
7. James Bill and Carl Leiden, Middle East Politics, (Canada: Little, Brown and Co.,1984) p.48.
8. D. Rustow, Middle Eastern Political Systems, (Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, 1971).
9. Hazem Beblawi and Giacomo Luciani (see note 6) p.2.
10. For a full discussion of the impact of economic liberalisation on the Middle Eastern state, see Anoushiravan Ehteshami and Emma C. Murphy, 'The Transformation of the Corporatist State in the Middle East', in Third World Quarterly, 17/4 (1996) pp.753-72.
11. Oliver Letwin, Privatisaing the World: A Study of International Privatisation in Theory and Practice, (London: Cassell, 1988) pp.52-5.
12. Hazem Beblawi and Giacomo Luciani, (see note 6) p.2.
13. For a discussion of the limitations of the attempt at a 'democratic bargain' in Egypt, see Daniel Brumberg, 'Survival Strategies versus Democratic Bargains: The Politics of Economic Reform in Contemporary Egypt', in Henri Barkey, (ed), The Politics of Economic Reform in the Middle East, (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1992) pp.73-104.
14. For a study of the Tunisian case see Emma C. Murphy, Economic and Political Change in Tunisia: From Bourguiba to Ben Ali, (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1999).
15. For an explanation of the early linkage between economic liberalisation and political reform in Jordan, see Laurie A. Brand, 'Economic and Political Liberalization in a Rentier Economy: The Case of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan', in Ilya Harik and Denis J. Sullivan (eds), Privatization and Liberalization in the Middle East, (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1992) 167-88.
16. Joan Nelson, 'The Politics of Economic Transformation: Is Third World Experience Relevant in Eastern Europe?', in World Politics, 45/3 (1993) p.436.
17. A straightforward example of this was the Hamrouche government appointed by Chadli Bendjedid in September 1989. Of 23 new ministers, 15 were technocrats who had never previously held office and all were known supporters of the economic reform strategy. See Dirk Vandewalle, 'Breaking with Socialism: Economic Liberalization and Privatization in Algeria', in Ilya Harik and Denis J. Sullivan 1992) p.200.
18. For evidence of the establishment of the Tunisian 'change management team' see Emma C. Murphy, Economic and Political Change in Tunisia: From Bourguiba to Ben Ali, (1999).
19. Volker Perthes, 'The Private Sector, Economic Liberalization and the Prospects of Democratization: the Case of Syria and Some Other Arab countries', in Ghassan Salam (ed.), Democracy Without Democrats? The Renewal of Politics in the Muslim World, (London: I.B. Tauris, 1995) pp.243-69.
20. Volker Perthes, (1995), p.252.
21. Rex Brynen, Bahgat Korany and Paul Noble (eds), Political Liberalization and Democratization in the Arab World. Volume 1, Theoretical Perspectives, (Boulder CO.: Lynne Rienner, 1995) pp.4-7.
22. Michael C. Hudson, Arab Politics: The Search for Legitimacy, (New Haven CT: Yale University, 1977) p.395.
23. Merilee S. Grindle and John W. Thomas, Public Choices and Policy Change: the Political Economy of Reform in Developing Countries, (Baltimore: John Hopkins,1991) p.175.
24. Christopher Clapham, Third World Politics: An Introduction, (London: Routledge, 1985) pp.185-6.