Opportunistic infections caused by protozoan parasites

Tokai Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine

Volumn 23, Issue 6, 1998, Pages 249-257

  Seitz, Hanns M ^a   Trammer, Thomas ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BONN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Cryptosporidium parvum; Microsporidia; Opportunistic protozoa; Pneumocystis carinii; Toxoplasma gondii

Indexed keywords

AIDS RELATED COMPLEX; ANIMAL; CLASSIFICATION; HUMAN; MICROBIOLOGY; MICROSPORIDA; PARASITOLOGY; PATHOLOGY; PROTOZOAL INFECTION; REVIEW; SPECIES DIFFERENCE;

AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS; ANIMALS; HUMANS; MICROSPORIDA; PROTOZOAN INFECTIONS; SPECIES SPECIFICITY;

EID: 0032222521     PISSN: 03850005     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Ashton N, Wirasinha PA: Encephalitozoonosis (nosematosis) of the cornea. Brit J Ophthalmol 57:669-674, 1973.
2. Cali A, Meisler DM, Lowder CY, Lembach R, Ayers L, Takvorian PM, Rutherford I, Longworth DL, McMahon J, Bryan RT: Corneal microsporidiosis: characterization and identification. J Protozool 38:215S-217S, 1991.
3. Cali A, Kotler DP, Orenstein JM: Septata intestinalis n.g., n.sp., an intestinal microsporidian associated with chronic diarrhea and dissemination in AIDS patients. J Euk Microbiol 40:101-112, 1993.
4. Cali A, Takvorian PM, Lewin S, Rendel M, Sian C, Wittner M, Weiss LM: Identification of a new Nosema-like mircosporidian associated with myositis in an AIDS patient. J Euk Microbiol 43:108S, 1996.
5. Cali A, Takvorian PM, Lewin S, Rendel M, Sian CS, Wittner M, Tanowitz HB, Keohane E, Weiss LM: Brachiola vesicularum n.g., n.sp., a new microsporidium associated with AIDS and myositis. J Euk Microbiol 45:240-251, 1998.
6. Chupp GL, Alroy J, Adelman LS, Breen JC, Skolnik PR: Myositis due to Pleistophora (microsporidia) in a patient with AIDS. Clin Infect Dis 16:15-21, 1993.
7. Davis RM, Font RL, Keisler MS, Shadduck JA: Corneal microsporidiosis. A case report including ultrastructural observations. Ophthalmology 97:953-957, 1990.
8. DeGroote MA, Visvesvara GS, Wilson ML, Pieniazek NJ, Slemenda SB, DaSilva AJ, Leitch GJ, Bryan RT, Reves R: Polymerase chain reaction and culture confirmation of disseminated Encephalitozoon cuniculi in a patient with AIDS: successful therapy with albendazole. J Infect Dis 171:1375-1378, 1995.
9. Desportes I, Le Charpentier Y, Galian A, Bernard F, Cochand-Priollet B, Lavergne A, Ravisse P, Modigliani R: Occurrence of a microsporidian: Enterocytozoon bieneusi n.g., n.sp., in the enterocytes of a human patient with AIDS. J Protozool 32:250-254, 1985.
10. Didier ES, Didier PJ, Friedberg DN, Stenson SM, J. M. Orenstein JM, Yee RW, Tio FO, Davis RM, Vossbrinck CR, Millichamp N, Shadduck JA: Isolation and characterization of a new microsporidian, Encephalitozoon hellem (n.sp.), from three AIDS patients with keratocon junctivitis. J Infect Dis 163:617-621, 1991.
11. Didier ES, Vossbrinck CR, Baker MD, Rogers LB, Bertucci DC, Shadduck JA: Identification and characterization of three Encephalitozoon cuniculi strains. Parasitology 111:411-422, 1995.
12. Field AS, Marriott DJ, Milliken ST, Brew BJ, Canning EU, Kench JG, Darveniza P, Harkness JL: Myositis associated with a newly described microsporidian Trachipleistophora hominis, in a patient with AIDS. J Clin Micobiol 34: 2803-2811, 1996.
13. Frenkel JK: Pneumocystis jiroveci n.sp. from man: Morphology, physiology and immunology in relation to pathology. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 43:13-27, 1976.
14. Friedberg DN, Stenson SM, Orenstein JM, Tierno PM, Charles NC: Microsporidial keratocon junctivitis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Arch Ophthalmol 108:504-508, 1990.
15. Hartskeerl RA, van Gool T, Schuitema ARJ, Didier ES, W. J. Terpstra WJ: Genetic and immunological characterization of the microsporidian, Septata intestinalis Cali, Kotler and Orenstein, 1993: reclassification to Encephalitozoon intestinalis. Parasitology 110:277-285, 1995.
16. Hollister WS, Canning EU, Weidner E, Field AS, Kench J, Marriott DJ: Development and ultrastructure of Trachipleistophora hominis n.g., n.sp. after in vitro isolation from an AIDS patient and inoculation into athymic mice. Parasitology 112:143-154, 1996.
17. Kaneshiro ES, Walzer PD: Comments: Overview of the 5th International Workshop on Pneumocystis and the 5th General Meeting of the European Concerted Action on Pneumocystis Research. J Euk Microbiol 44:61S-63S, 1997.
18. Ledford DK, Overman MD, Gonzalo A, Cali A, Mester W, Lockey RF: Micosporidiosis myositis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann Intern Med 102:628-630, 1985.
19. Margileth AM, Strano AJ, Chandra R, Neafie R, Blum M, McCully RM: Disseminated nosematosis in an immunologically compromised infant. Arch Pathol 95:341-343, 1973.
20. Matsumoto Y, Yoshida Y: Advances in Pneumocystis biology. Parasitol Today 2:137-142, 1986.
21. Pariset C, Rabodonirina M, Carlotti A, Piens M-A, Vandenesch F: Genetic diversity among Pneumocystis carinii hominis isolates from HIV-infected patients and other immunosuppressed patients in France. J Euk Microbiol 44:18S, 1997.
22. Pinnolis M, Egbert PR, Font RL, Winter FC: Nosematosis of the cornea. Arch Ophthalmol 99:1044-1047, 1931.
23. Shadduck JA, Meccoli RA, Davis R, Font RL: Isolation of a microsporidian from a human patient. J Infect Dis 162:773-776, 1990.
24. Silveira H, Canning EU: Vittaforma corneae n. comb. for the human microsporidium Nosema corneum Shadduck, Meccoli, Davis & Font, 1990, based on its ultrastructure in the liver of experimentally infected athymic mice. J Euk Microbiol 42:158-165, 1995.
25. Sprague V: Nosema connori n.sp., microsporidian parasite of man. Trans Am Microsc Soc 93:400-403, 1974.
26. Sprague V, Becnel JJ: Note on the name-author-date combination for the taxon Microsporidies Balbiani, 1882, when ranked as a phylum. J Invertebr Pathol 71:91-94, 1998.
27. Stringer JR, Wakefield AE, Cushion MT, Dei-Cas E: Pneumocystis taxonomy and nomenclature: an update. J Euk Microbiol 44:5S-6S, 1997.
28. Terada S, Reddy KR, Jeffers LJ, Cali A, Schiff ER: Microsporidian hepatitis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann Intern Med 107:61-62, 1987.
29. Vavra J, Yachnis AT, Shadduck JA, Orenstein JM: Microsporidia of the genus Trachipleistophora - causative agents of human microsporidiosis: description of Trachipleistophora anthropophthera n.sp. (Protozoa: Microsporidia). J Euk Microbiol 45:273-283, 1998.
30. Yachnis AT, Berg J, Martinez-Salazar A, Bender BS, Diaz L, Rojiari AM, Eskin TA, Orenstein JM: Disseminated microsporidiosis especially infecting the brain, heart, and kidneys. Report of a newly recognized pansporoblastic species in two symptomatic AIDS patients. Am J Clin Pathol 106:535-543, 1996.
31. Zender HO, Arrigoni E, Eckert J, Kapanci Y: A case of Encephalitozoon cuniculi peritonitis in a patient with AIDS. Am J Clin Pathol 92:352-356, 1989.