Effects of negative campaigning on vote, semantic differential, and thought listing

Journal of Applied Social Psychology

Volumn 28, Issue 23, 1998, Pages 2131-2149

  Pentony, Joseph F ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ST THOMAS   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0032219109     PISSN: 00219029     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01364.x     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Abelson, R. P., Kinder, D. R., Fiske, S. T., & Peters, M. D. (1982). Affective and semantic components in political person perception. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, 619-630.
2. Ansolabehere, S., & Iyengar, S. (1995). Going negative. New York, NY: Free Press.
3. Coovert, M. D., & Reeder, G. D. (1990). Negativity effects in impression formation: The role of unit formation and schematic expectations. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 26, 49-62.
4. Fiske, S. (1980). Attention and weight in person perception: The negative impact and extreme behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38, 889-906.
5. Gallup, G. (1994). The Gallup Poll. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, Inc.
6. Garramone, G. M. (1984). Voter response to negative political ads. Journalism Quarterly, 61, 250-259.
7. Garramone, G. M. (1985). Effects of negative political advertising: The role of sponsor and rebuttal. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 29, 147-159.
8. Garramone, G. M., Atkins, C. K., Pinkleton, B. E., & Cole, R. T. (1990). Effects of negative political advertising on the political process. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 34, 299-311.
9. Hamilton, D. L., & Zanna, M. D. (1972). Differential weighting of favorable and unfavorable attributes in impression of personality. Journal of Experimental Research in Personality, 6, 204-212.
10. Hodges, B. H. (1974). Effect of valence on relative weighting in impression formation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 30, 378-381.
11. Johnson-Cartee, K. S., & Copeland, G. A. (1991). Negative political advertising: Coming age. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
12. Huberty, C. J. (1994). Why multivariate analyses? Educational and Psychological Measurement, 54, 620-627.
13. Huberty, C. J., & Morris, J. D. (1989). Multivariate analysis versus multiple univariate analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 105, 302-308.
14. Kaid, L. L., & Boydston, J. (1987). An experimental study of the effectiveness of negative political advertisements. Communication Quarterly, 35, 193-201.
15. Kernell, S. (1977). Presidential popularity and negative voting: An alternative explanation of the midterm congressional decline of the President's party. American Political Science Review, 71, 44-66.
16. Klein, J. (1991). Negativity effects in impression formation: A test in the political arena. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 17, 412-418.
17. Klein, J. (1996). Negativity in impressions of Presidential candidates revisited: The 1992 election. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 288-295.
18. Lau, R. R. (1982). Negativity in political perception. Political Behavior, 4, 353-377.
19. Merritt, S. (1984). Negative political advertising: Some empirical findings. Journal of Advertising, 13, 27-38.
20. Osgood, C. E., Suci, G. J., & Tannenbaum, D. H. (1957). The measurement of meaning. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
21. Ostrom, T. M., & Davis, D. (1979). Idiosyncratic weighting of trait information in impression formation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 11, 2025-2043.
22. Pentony, J. F. (1995). The effect of negative campaigning on voting, semantic differential and thought listing. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 10, 631-644.
23. Richey, M. H., McClelland, L., & Shimkunas, A. M. (1967). Relative influence of positive and negative information in impression formation and persistence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 16, 322-327.
24. Roddy, B. L., & Garramone, G. M. (1988). Appeals and strategies of negative political advertising. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 32, 415-427.
25. Roese, W. J., & Sande, G. N. (1993). Backlash effects in attack politics. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 23, 632-653.
26. Skowronski, J. J., & Carlston, D. E. (1987). Social judgment and social memory: The role of cue diagnosticity in negativity, positivity, and extremity bias. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 689-699.
27. Skowronski, J. J., & Carlston, D. E. (1989). Negativity and externality biases in impression formation: A review of explanations. Psychological Bulletin, 105, 131-142.
28. Stewart, C. J. (1975). Voter perception of mudslinging in political communication. Central States Speech Journal, 26, 279-286.
29. Surlin, S. H., & Gordon, T. F. (1977). How values affect attitudes toward direct reference political advertising. Journalism Quarterly, 54, 89-98.
30. Vonk, R. (1993). The negativity effect in trait ratings and an open-ended description of persons. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18, 269-278.
31. Wegner, D. M., Wenzlaff, R., Kerker, R. M., & Beattie, D. E. (1981). Incrimination through innuendo: Can media questions become public answers? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40, 822-832.