Choice with delayed and probabilistic reinforcers: Effects of prereinforcer and postreinforcer stimuli

Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior

Volumn 70, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 253-265

  Mazur, James E ^a  

^a SOUTHERN CONNECTICUT STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Choice; Conditioned reinforcement; Delay; Key peck; Pigeons; Probability

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; ANIMAL BEHAVIOR; ARTICLE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONDITIONING; DECISION MAKING; PHYSIOLOGY; PIGEONS AND DOVES; REINFORCEMENT; TIME;

ANIMALS; BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL; CHOICE BEHAVIOR; COLUMBIDAE; CONDITIONING (PSYCHOLOGY); REINFORCEMENT (PSYCHOLOGY); TIME FACTORS;

EID: 0032215185     PISSN: 00225002     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1901/jeab.1998.70-253     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Ainslie, G. W. (1974). Impulse control in pigeons. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 21, 485-489.
2. Battalio, R. C., Kagel, J. H., & McDonald, D. N. (1985). Animals' choices over uncertain outcomes: Some initial experimental results. American Economic Review, 75, 597-613.
3. Cicerone, R. A. (1976). Preference for mixed versus constant delay of reinforcement. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 25, 257-261.
4. Dunn, R., & Spetch, M. L. (1990). Choice with uncertain outcomes: Conditioned reinforcement effects. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 53, 201-218.
5. Fantino, E. (1977). Conditioned reinforcement: Choice and information. In W. K. Honig & J. E. R. Staddon (Eds.), Handbook of operant behavior (pp. 313-339). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
6. Gibbon, J., & Church, R. M. (1981). Time left: Linear versus logarithmic subjective time. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 7, 87-108.
7. Green, L., Fisher, E. B., Perlow, S., & Sherman, L. (1981). Preference reversal and self control: Choice as a function of reward amount and delay. Behaviour Analysis Letters, 1, 43-51.
8. Green, L., Fry, A. F., & Myerson, J. (1994). Discounting of delayed rewards: A life-span comparison. Psychological Science, 5, 33-36.
9. Killeen, P. R. (1982). Incentive theory: II. Models for choice. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 38, 217-232.
10. Mazur, J. E. (1984). Tests of an equivalence rule for fixed and variable reinforcer delays. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 10, 426-436.
11. Mazur, J. E. (1987). An adjusting procedure for studying delayed reinforcement. In M. L. Commons, J. E. Mazur, J. A. Nevin, & H. Rachlin (Eds.), Quantitative anal-yses of behavior: Vol. 5. The effect of delay and of intervening events on reinforcement value (pp. 55-73). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
12. Mazur, J. E. (1989). Theories of probabilistic reinforcement. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 51, 87-99.
13. Mazur, J. E. (1991). Choice with probabilistic reinforcement: Effects of delay and conditioned reinforcers. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 55, 63-77.
14. Mazur, J. E. (1993). Predicting the strength of a conditioned reinforcer: Effects of delay and uncertainty. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 2, 70-74.
15. Mazur, J. E. (1995). Conditioned reinforcement and choice with delayed and uncertain primary reinforcers. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 63, 139-150.
16. Mazur, J. E: (1997). Choice, delay, probability, and conditioned reinforcement. Animal Learning & Behavior, 25, 131-147.
17. Mazur, J. E., & Romano, A. (1992). Choice with delayed and probabilistic reinforcers: Effects of variability, time between trials, and conditioned reinforcers. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 58, 513-525.
18. Pavlov, I. P. (1927). Conditioned reflexes (G. V. Anrep, trans.). London: Oxford University Press.
19. Rachlin, H., Logue, A. W., Gibbon, J., & Frankel, M. (1986). Cognition and behavior in studies of choice. Psychological Review, 93, 33-45.
20. Rachlin, H., Raineri, A., & Cross, D. (1991). Subjective probability and delay. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 55, 233-244.
21. Rider, D. P. (1983). Preference for mixed versus constant delays of reinforcement: Effect of probability of the short, mixed delay: Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 39, 257-266.
22. Roberts, S. (1981). Isolation of an internal clock. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 7, 242-268.
23. Spetch, M. L., Belke, T. W., Barnet, R. C., Dunn, R., & Pierce, W. D. (1990). Suboptimal choice in a percentage-reinforcement procedure: Effects of signal condition and terminal-link length. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 53, 219-234.
24. Spetch, M. L., Mondloch, M. V., Belke, T. W., & Dunn, R. (1994). Determinants of pigeons' choice between certain and probabilistic outcomes. Animal Learning & Behavior, 22, 239-251.
25. Vaughan, W. (1985). Choice: A local analysis. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 43, 383-405.
26. Waddington, K. D., Allen, T., & Heinrich, B. (1981). Floral preferences of bumblebees (Bombus edwardsii) in relation to intermittent versus continuous rewards. Animal Behavior, 29, 779-784.