Mid-depth oxygen drawdown during Heinrich events: Evidence from benthic foraminiferal community structure, trace-fossil tiering, and benthic δ13c at the portuguese margin

Marine Geology

Volumn 152, Issue 1-3, 1998, Pages 25-55

  Baas, J H ^a,b   Schonfeld J ^a   Zahn, R ^a  

^a GEOMAR HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR OCEAN RESEARCH KIEL   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

C 13 C 12; Foraminifers; Heinrich event; Ichnofossils; Oxygen; Paleoceanography

Indexed keywords

DRAWDOWN; HEINRICH EVENT; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION;

ATLANTIC OCEAN;

EID: 0032211546     PISSN: 00253227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0025-3227(98)00063-2     Document Type: Article

References (111)

1. Abrantes, F., 1988. Diatom assemblages as upwelling indicators in surface sediments off Portugal. Mar. Geol. 85, 15-39.
2. Abrantes, F., 1991. Increased upwelling off Portugal during the last glaciation: diatom evidence. Mar. Micropaleontol. 17, 285-310.
3. Allenstein, A., 1995. Die Entwicklung benthischer Foraminiferenfaunen während der Heinrich-Ereignisse I und II am Kontinentalhang vor Südportugal. Dipl. Arb., Univ. Kiel, 73 pp.
4. Alley, R.B., MacAyeal, D.R., 1994. Ice-rafted debris associated with binge/purge oscillations of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Paleoceanography 9, 503-511.
5. Altenbach, A., 1992. Verbreitungsmuster benthischer Foraminiferen im Arktischen Ozean und in glazialen und interglazialen Sedimenten des Europäischen Nordmeeres. Habil. Schr., Univ. Kiel, 95 + XV pp.
6. Alve, E., 1990. Variations in estuarine foraminiferal biofacies with diminishing oxygen conditions in Drammensfjord, SE Norway. In: Hemleben, C., Kaminski, M.A., Kuhnt, W., Scott, D.B. (Eds.), Paleoecology, Biostratigraphy and Taxonomy of Agglutinated Foraminifera. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 661-694.
7. Alve, E., 1995. Benthic foraminiferal distribution and recolonization of formerly anoxic environments in Drammensfjord, southern Norway. Mar. Micropaleontol. 25, 169-186.
8. Andrews, J.T., Tedesco, K., Jennings, A.E., 1993. Heinrich events: chronology and processes, east-central Laurentide ice sheet and NW Labrador Sea. In: Peltier, W.R. (Ed.), Ice in the Climate System. NATO ASI Ser. 112, Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 167-186.
9. Andrews, J.T., Erlenkeuser, H., Tedesco, K., Aksu, A.E., Jull, A.J.T., 1994. Late Quaternary (Stage 2 and 3) meltwater and Heinrich Events, Northwest Labrador Sea. Quat. Res. 41, 26-34.
10. Baas, J.H., Mienert, J., Abrantes, F., Prins, M.A., 1997. Late-Quaternary sedimentation on the Portuguese continental margin: climate-related processes and products. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 130, 1-23.
11. 14C accelerator mass spectrometry. Nature 328, 791-794.
12. 14C ages measured in Globigerina bulloides. Quat. Res. 31, 381-391.
13. Bard, E., Arnold, M., Hamelin, B., 1992. Present status of the radiocarbon calibration for the Late Pleistocene. IVth Int. Conf. Paleoceanogr., Abstr. Kiel, GEOMAR, pp. 52-53.
14. Berger, W.H., Fischer, K., Lai, C., Wu, G., 1987. Ocean productivity and organic carbon flux. Part I. Overview and maps of primary production and export production. SIO Ref. Ser., 87-30: 1-67.
15. Berner, R.A., 1980. Early Diagenesis. A Theoretical Approach. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 241 pp.
16. Bernhard, J.M., 1992. Benthic foraminiferal distribution and biomass related to pore-water oxygen content: central California continental slope and rise. Deep-Sea Res. 39, 585-605.
17. Bond, G.C., Lotti, R., 1995. Iceberg discharges into the North Atlantic on millennial time scales during the Last Glaciation. Science 267, 1005-1010.
18. Bond, G., Heinrich, H., Broecker, W., Labeyrie, L., McManus, J., Andrews, J., Huon, S., Jantschik, R., Clasen, S., Simet, C., Tedesco, K., Klas, M., Bonani, G., Ivy, S., 1992. Evidence for massive discharges of icebergs into the North Atlantic ocean during the last glacial period. Nature 360, 245-249.
19. Bond, G., Broecker, W., Johnson, S., McManus, J., Labeyrie, L., Jouzel, J., Bonani, G., 1993. Correlations between climatic records from North Atlantic sediments and Greenland ice. Nature 365, 143-147.
20. Boyce, R.E., 1976. Definitions and laboratory techniques of compressional sound velocity parameters and wet-water content, wet-bulk density, and porosity parameters by gravimetric and gamma-ray attenuation techniques. Init. Rep. DSDP 33, 931-958.
21. Boyle, E.A., Keigwin, L.D., 1987. North Atlantic thermohaline circulation during the past 20,000 years linked to high-latitude surface temperature. Nature 330, 35-40.
22. Boyle, E., Weaver, A., 1994. Conveying past climates. Nature 372, 41-42.
23. Broecker, W.S., 1994. Massive iceberg discharges as triggers for global climate change. Nature 372, 421-424.
24. Broecker, W.S., Maier-Reimer, E., 1992. The influence of air and sea exchange on the carbon isotope distribution in the sea. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 6, 315-320.
25. Broecker, W.S., Bond, G., Klas, M., Clark, E., McManus, J., 1992. Origin of the Northern Atlantic's Heinrich events. Climate Dyn. 6, 265-273.
26. Bromley, R.G., 1990. Trace Fossils: Biology and Taphonomy. Special Topics in Palaeontology 3, Unwin Hyman, London, 280 pp.
27. Bromley, R.G., Ekdale, A.A., 1984. Chondrites: a trace fossil indicator of anoxia in sediments. Science 224, 872-874.
28. Caralp, M.H., 1989. Size and morphology of the benthic foraminifer Melonis barleeanum: relationships with marine organic matter. J. Foram. Res. 19, 235-245.
29. Corliss, B.H., 1985. Microhabitats of benthic foraminifera within deep-sea sediments. Nature 314, 435-438.
30. Corliss, B.H., Emerson, S., 1990. Distribution of Rose Bengal stained deep-sea benthic foraminifera from the Nova Scotia continental margin and Gulf of Maine. Deep-Sea Res. 37, 381-400.
31. Cortijo, E., 1995. La variabilité climatique dans l'Atlantique Nord depuis 128,000 ans: relations entre les calottes de glace et l'océan de surface, Ph.D. thesis, Univ. de Paris-Sud U.F.R. Scientifique d'Orsay, 264 pp.
32. De Stigter, H.C., 1996. Recent and fossil benthic foraminifera in the Adriatic Sea: distribution patterns in relation to organic carbon flux and oxygen concentration at the seabed. Geol. Ultraiectina 144, 255 pp.
33. Duplessy, J.-C., Shackleton, N.J., Fairbanks, R., Labeyrie, L., Oppo, D., Kallel, N., 1988. Deep water source variations during the last climatic cycle and their impact on the global deepwater circulation. Paleoceanography 3, 343-360.
34. Duplessy, J.-C., Labeyrie, L., Arnold, M., Paterne, M., Duprat, J., van Weering, T.C.E., 1992. Changes in surface salinity of the North Atlantic Ocean during the last deglaciation. Nature 358, 485-487.
35. 230Th ages of corals. Science 260, 262-268.
36. Ekdale, A.A., 1988. Pitfalls of paleobathymetric interpretations based on trace fossil assemblages. Palaios 3, 464-472.
37. Ekdale, A.A., Mason, T.R., 1988. Characteristic trace-fossil associations in oxygen-poor sedimentary environments. Geology 16, 720-723.
38. Fiúza, A.F. de G., 1983. Upwelling patterns off Portugal. In: Thiede, J., Suess, E. (Eds.), Coastal Upwelling: its Sediment Record, Part A. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 85-98.
39. Harman, R.A., 1964. Distribution of foraminifera in the Santa Barbara Basin, California. Micropaleontology 10, 81-96.
40. Heinrich, H., 1988. Origin and consequences of cyclic ice rafting in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean during the past 130,000 years. Quat. Res. 29, 142-152.
41. Hermelin, J.O.R., 1992. Variations in the benthic foraminiferal fauna of the Arabian S: a response to changes in upwelling intensity? In: Summerhayes, C.P., Prell, W.J., Emeis, K.C. (Eds.), Upwelling Systems: Evolution since the Miocene. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ. 64, 151-166.
42. Hesse, R., 1986. Diagenesis #11. Early diagenetic pore water/sediment interaction: Modern offshore basins. Geosci. Can. 13, 165-196.
43. 2 levels from carbon isotopic compositions of sedimentary biogenic components. In: Zahn, R., Pedersen, T.F., Kaminski, M., Labeyrie, L. (Eds.), Carbon Cycling in the Glacial Ocean: Constraints on the Ocean's Role in Global Change. NATO ASI Ser. I, 17, Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 323-341.
44. Jung, S.J.A., 1996. Wassermassenaustausch zwischen NE-Atlantik und Nordmeer während der letzten 300,000/80,000 Jahre im Abbild stabiler O-und C-Isotope. Diss. Univ. Kiel, 104 pp.
45. Kaiho, K., 1991. Cenozoic global changes of aerobic/anaerobic benthic foraminifera and deep-sea circulation. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 83, 65-85.
46. Kaiho, K., 1994. Benthic foraminiferal dissolved-oxygen index and dissolved oxygen levels in the modern ocean. Geology 22, 719-722.
47. Kaminski, M.A., Boersma, A., Tyszka, J., Holbourn, A.E.L., 1995. Response of deep-water agglutinated foraminifera to dysoxic conditions in the California Borderland basins. Grzybowski Found. Spec Publ. 3, 131-140.
48. Keigwin, L.D., Lehman, S.J., 1994. Deep circulation changes linked to Heinrich event 1 and Younger Dryas in a middepth North Atlantic core. Paleoceanography 9, 185-194.
49. Keigwin, L.D., Jones, G.A., Lehman, S.J., 1991. Deglacial meltwater discharge, North Atlantic deep circulation, and abrupt climate change. J. Geophys. Res. 96, 16811-16826.
50. Kotake, N., 1993. Tiering of trace fossil assemblages in Plio-Pleistocene bathyal deposits of Boso Peninsula, Japan. Palaios 8, 544-553.
51. Koutsoukos, E.A.M., Leary, P.N., Hart, M.B., 1990. Latest Cenomanian-earliest Turonian low-oxygen tolerant benthonic foraminifera: a case study from the Sergipe basin (N.B. Brazil) and the western Anglo-Paris basin (southern England). Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 77, 145-177.
52. 2 in the world oceans. Deep-Sea Res. 32, 57-84.
53. Labeyrie, L., Vidal, L., Cortijo, E., Paterne, M., Arnold, M., Duplessy, J.C., Vautravers, M., Labracherie, M., Duprat, J., Turon, J.L., Grousset, F., Van Weering, T., 1995. Surface and deep hydrology of the Northern Atlantic Ocean during the past 150,000 years. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London 348, 255-264.
54. Lebreiro, S.M., Moreno, J.C., McCave, I.N., Weaver, P.P.E., 1996. Evidence for Heinrich layers off Portugal (Torre Seamount: 39°N, 12°W). Mar. Geol. 131, 47-56.
55. Lipps, J.H., 1983. Biotic interactions in benthic foraminifera. In: Tevez, M.J.J., McCalls, P.L. (Eds.), Biotic Interactions in Recent and Fossil Benthic Communities. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 331-376.
56. Lohmann, G.P., 1978. Abyssal benthonic foraminifera as hydrologic indicators in the Western South Atlantic Ocean. J. Foram. Res. 8, 6-34.
57. Loubere, P., 1994. Quantitative estimation of surface ocean productivity and bottom water oxygen concentration using benthic foraminifera. Paleoceanography 9, 723-737.
58. Loubere, P., Gary, A., Lagoe, M., 1993. Generation of the benthic foraminiferal assemblage: theory and preliminary data. Mar. Micropaleontol. 20, 165-181.
59. Lutze, G.F., 1980. Depth distribution of benthic foraminifera on the continental margin off NW Africa. 'Meteor' Forsch.-Ergebn. C (32), 31-80.
60. Lutze, G.F., Coulbourn, W.T., 1984. Recent benthic Foraminifera from the continental margin of northwest Africa: community structures and distribution. Mar. Micropaleontol. 8, 361-401.
61. Lutze, G.F., Pflaumann, U., Weinholz, P., 1986. Jungquartäre Fluktuationen der benthischen Foraminiferenfaunen in Tiefsee-Sedimenten vor NW-Afrika Eine Reaktion auf Produktivitätsänderungen im Oberflächenwasser. 'Meteor' Forsch.-Ergebn. C (40), 63-180.
62. MacAyeal, D.R., 1993. Binge/purge oscillations of the Laurentide ice sheet as a cause of the North Atlantic's Heinrich events. Paleoceanography 8, 775-784.
63. Mackensen, A., Sejrup, H.P., Jansen, E., 1985. The distribution of living benthic foraminifera on the continental slope and rise off southwest Norway. Mar. Micropaleontol. 9, 275-306.
64. Manabe, S., Stouffer, R.J., 1995. Simulation of abrupt climatic change induced by freshwater input to the North Atlantic Ocean. Nature 378, 165-167.
65. Martinson, D.G., Pisias, N.G., Hays, J.D., Imbrie, J., More Jr., T.C., Shackleton, N.J., 1987. Age dating and the orbital theory of the ice ages: development of a high-resolution 0 to 300,000-year chronostratigraphy. Quat. Res. 27, 1-29.
66. Maslin, M.A., Shackleton, N.J., Pflaumann, U., 1995. Surface water temperature, salinity, and density changes in the north-east Atlantic during the last 45,000 years: Heinrich events, deep water formation, and climatic rebounds. Paleoceanography 10, 527-544.
67. McCorkle, D.C., Keigwin, L.D., Corliss, B.H., Emerson, S.R., 1990. The influence of microhabitats on the carbon isotopic composition of deep-sea benthic Foraminifera. Paleoceanography 5, 161-185.
68. Meincke, J., Siedler, G., Zenk, W., 1975. Some current observations near the continental slope off Portugal. 'Meteor' Forsch.-Ergebn. A (16), 15-22.
69. Mienert, J., 1994. European North Atlantic Margin: sediment pathways, processes and fluxes. RV Poseidon 200/10 Cruise Report, GEOMAR Rep. 30, pp. 43-136.
70. 2. Paleoceanography 6, 205-226.
71. Mook, W.G., Bommerson, J.C., Staberman, W.H., 1974. Carbon isotope fractionation between dissolved bicarbonate and gaseous carbon dioxide. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 22, 169-176.
72. Mullineaux, L.E., Lohmann, G.P., 1981. Late Quaternary stagnations and recirculation of the eastern Mediterranean: changes in the deep water recorded by fossil benthic foraminifera. J. Foram. Res. 11, 20-37.
73. Oppo, D.W., Lehmann, S.J., 1993. Mid-depth circulation of the subpolar North Atlantic during the last glacial maximum. Science 259, 1148-1152.
74. Östlund, H.G., Craig, C., Broecker, W.S., Spencer, D., 1987. GEOSECS Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Ocean Expeditions, Shorebased Data and Graphics. GEOSECS Atlas Series, Vol. 7, 200 pp.
75. Paillard, D., Labeyrie, L., 1994. Role of the thermohaline circulation in the abrupt warming after Heinrich events. Nature 372, 162-164.
76. Rahmstorf, S., 1995. Bifurcations of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation in response to changes in the hydrological cycle. Nature 378, 145-149.
77. 2 concentrations. In: Zahn, R., Pedersen, T.F., Kaminski, M., Labeyrie, L. (Eds.), Carbon Cycling in the Glacial Ocean: Constraints on the Ocean's Role in Global Change. NATO ASI Ser. I, 17, Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 307-321.
78. Reimers, C.E., Jahnke, R.A., McCorcle, D.C., 1992. Carbon fluxes and burial rates over the continental slope and rise off central California with implications for the global carbon cycle. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 6, 199-224.
79. Rhoads, D.C., Morse, J.W., 1971. Evolutionary and ecological significance of oxygen-deficient marine basins. Lethaia 4, 413-428.
80. Ruddiman, W.F., 1977. Late Quaternary deposition of ice-rafted sand in the subpolar North Atlantic (lat. 40 to 65). Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 88, 1813-1827.
81. Sarnthein, M., Winn, K., Duplessy, J.-C., Labeyrie, L., Erlenkeuser, H., Ganssen, G., Jung, S., 1994. Changes in east Atlantic deep-water circulation over the last 30,000 years an eight-time-slice record. Paleoceanography 9, 209-267.
82. Sathyendranath, S., Longhurst, A., Caverhill, C.M., Platt, T., 1995. Regionally and seasonally differentiated primary production in the North Atlantic. Deep-Sea Res. 42, 1773-1802.
83. Savrda, C.E., Bottjer, D.J., 1986. Trace-fossil model for reconstruction of paleo-oxygenation in bottom waters. Geology 14, 3-6.
84. Savrda, C.E., Bottjer, D.J., 1991. Oxygen-related biofacies in marine strata: an overview and update. In: Tyson, R.V., Pearson, T.H. (Eds.), Modern and Ancient Continental Shelf Anoxia. Geol. Soc. London, Spec. Publ. 58, 201-219.
85. Savrda, C.E., Bottjer, D.J., 1994. Ichnofossils and ichnofabrics in rhythmically bedded pelagic/hemipelagic carbonates: recognition and evaluation of benthic redox and scour cycles. In: de Boer, P.L., Smith, D.G. (Eds.), Orbital Forcing and Cyclic Sequences. Spec. Publ. Int. Assoc. Sedimentol. 19, 195-210.
86. Savrda, C.E., Ozalas, K., 1993. Preservation of mixed-layer ichnofabrics in oxygenation-event beds. Palaios 8, 609-613.
87. Schönfeld, J., 1993. Zur Geschichte des Mittelmeerausstroms. In: Kudrass, H.R. (Ed.), SONNE CRUISE SO-75-3: Final report: Mediterranean outflow water on the continental slope of SW Portugal. Report No. MFG 00947, Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hannover, pp. 16-41.
88. Schönfeld, J., 1997. The impact of the Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW) on benthic foraminiferal assemblages and surface sediments at the southern Portuguese continental margin. Mar. Micropaleontol. 29, 211-236.
89. Seidov, D., Sarnhein, M., Stattegger, K., Prien, R., Weinelt, M., 1996. North Atlantic Ocean circulation during the last glacial maximum and subsequent meltwater event: a numerical model. J. Geophys. Res. 101 (C7), 16305-16332.
90. Seiler, W.C., 1975. Tiefenverteilung benthischer Foraminiferen am portugiesischen Kontinentalhang. 'Meteor' Forsch.-Ergebn. C (23), 47-94.
91. Sen Gupta, B.K., Machain-Castillo, M.L., 1993. Benthic foraminifera in oxygen-poor habitats. In: Langer, M.R. (Ed.), Foraminiferal Microhabitats. Mar. Micropaleontol. 20, 183-201.
92. Stein, R., 1986. Surface-water paleo-productivity as inferred from sediments deposited in oxic and anoxic deep-water environments of the Mesozoic Atlantic Ocean. Mitt. Geol. Paläont. Inst. Univ. Hamburg 60, 55-70.
93. eXcess profiling method. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 135, 41-56.
94. Timm, S., 1989. Zur Taxonomie und Verbreitung von Globobulimina im Ost-Atlantik. Dipl. Arb., Univ. Kiel, 50 pp.
95. TTO, 1986. Transient Tracers in the Ocean, North Atlantic Study, Shipboard Physical and Chemical Data Report, Physical and Chemical Oceanographic Data Facility, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego.
96. Tyszka, J., 1994. Paleoenvironmental implications from ichnological and microfaunal analyses of Bajocian spotty carbonates, Pieniny Klippen Belt, Polish Carpathians. Palaios 9, 175-187.
97. Van Andel, T.H., Heath, G.R., Moore, T.C., 1975. Cenozoic rates of deposition. Mem. Geol. Soc. Am. 143, 49-72.
98. Van der Zwaan, G.J., Jorissen, F.J., 1991. Biofacial patterns in river-induced shelf anoxia. In: Tyson, R.V., Pearson, T.H. (Eds.), Modern and Ancient Continental Shelf Anoxia. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ. 58, 65-82.
99. Vanney, J.R., Mougenot, D., 1990. Un canyon sous-marin du type 'gouf': le Canhão da Nazaré (Portugal). Oceanol. Acta 13, 1-14.
100. Veum, T., Jansen, E., Arnold, M., Beyer, I., Duplessy, J.-C., 1992. Water mass exchange between the North Atlantic and the Norwegian Sea during the past 28,000 years. Nature 356, 783-785.
101. Weiss, R.F., 1970. The solubility of nitrogen, oxygen and argon in water and sea water. Deep-Sea Res. 17, 721-735.
102. Wetzel, A., 1984. Bioturbation in deep-sea fine-grained sediments: influence of sediment texture, turbidite frequency and rates of environmental change. In: Stow, D.A.V., Piper, D.J.W. (Eds.), Fine-Grained Sediments: Deep Water Processes and Facies. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ. 15, 595-608.
103. Wheatcroft, R.A., 1989. Comment and reply on 'Characteristic trace-fossil associations in oxygen-poor sedimentary environments'. Geology 17, 674.
104. 13C and Cd/Ca records of mid-depth ventilation from the upper Portuguese continental margin. J. Conf. Abstr. 1 (1), 673.
105. Wüst, G., 1936. Schichtung und Zirkulation des Atlantischen Ozeans. Die Stratosphäre. Wiss. Ergebn. Dtsch. Atlantik Exped., Meteor 1925-1927 6 (1), 1-180.
106. Zahn, R., 1997. North Atlantic thermohaline circulation during the last glacial period: evidence for coupling between meltwater events and convective instability in sediment cores from the southern Portuguese Margin. Habil. Schr., Univ. Kiel, 133 pp.
107. 13C and Cd/Ca as paleo-proxies for the intermediate-depth ocean. In: Zahn, R., Pedersen, T.F., Kaminski, M., Labeyrie, L. (Eds.), Carbon Cycling in the Glacial Ocean: Constraints on the Ocean's Role in Global Change. NATO ASI Series I, 17, Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 195-221.
108. Zahn, R., Pedersen, T.F., 1991. Late Pleistocene evolution of surface and mid-depth hydrography at the Oman Margin: planktonic and benthic isotope records at ODP Site 724. Proc. ODP, Sci. Results 117, 291-308.
109. Zahn, R., Sarnthein, M., Erlenkeuser, H., 1987. Benthic isotope evidence for changes of the Mediterranean outflow during the late Quaternary. Paleoceanography 2, 543-559.
110. Zahn, R., Schönfeld, J., Kudrass, H.-R., Park, M.-H., Erlenkeuser, H., Grootes, P., 1997. Thermohaline instability in the North Atlantic during meltwater events; stable isotope and ice-rafted detritus records from core SO75-26KL, Portuguese Margin. Paleoceanography 12, 696-710.
111. Zenk, W., Armi, L., 1990. The complex spreading pattern of mediterranean water off the Portuguese continental slope. Deep-Sea Res. 37, 1805-1823.