Finite-difference time-domain simulation of ground penetrating radar on dispersive, inhomogeneous, and conductive soils

IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing

Volumn 36, Issue 6, 1998, Pages 1928-1937

  Teixeira, F L ^a   Chew, Weng Cho ^b   Straka, M ^c   Oristaglio, M L ^c   Wang, T ^d  

^a University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

^c SCHLUMBERGER DOLL RESEARCH   (United States)

^d BAKER ATLAS   (United States)

Author keywords

Absorbing boundary conditions; Dispersive media; Electromagnetic underground propagation; Finite difference time domain (fdtd) methods

Indexed keywords

BOUNDARY CONDITIONS; COMPUTER SIMULATION; CONVOLUTION; ELECTROMAGNETIC DISPERSION; ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE PROPAGATION; FINITE DIFFERENCE METHOD; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS; PIECEWISE LINEAR TECHNIQUES; RADAR THEORY; SOIL MECHANICS; TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS;

DEBYE MODEL; GROUND PENETRATING RADAR (GPR); MULTITERM LORENTZ MODEL; PERFECTLY MATCHED LAYERS (PML); SOFTWARE PACKAGE 3D PML-PLRC-FDTD;

REMOTE SENSING;

EID: 0032208829     PISSN: 01962892     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/36.729364     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. J.E. Hipp, "Soil electromagnetic parameters as functions of frequency, soil density, and soil moisture," Proc. IEEE, vol. 62, pp. 98-103, Jan. 1974.
2. W.D. Hurt, "Multiterm Debye dispersion relations for permittivity of muscle," IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., vol. 32, pp. 60-64, Jan. 1985.
3. D. Sullivan, "A frequency-dependent FDTD method for biological applications," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 40, pp. 532-539, Apr. 1992.
4. "Frequency-dependent FDTD methods using z transforms," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 40, pp. 1223-1230, Nov. 1992.
5. O.P. Gandhi, B.Q. Gao, and J.Y. Chen, "A frequency-dependent finitedifference time-domain formulation for general dispersive media," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 41, pp. 658-664, May 1993.
6. P.N. Sen and W.C. Chew, "The frequency dependent dielectric and conductivity response of sedimentary rocks," J. Microw. Power, vol. 18, no. 1, p. 95, 1983.
7. W.C. Chew and P.N. Sen, "Dielectric enhancement due to electrochemical double layer: Thin double layer approximation," J. Chem. Phys., vol. 77, no. 9, p. 4683, 1982.
8. W.C. Chew, Waves and Fields in Inhomogeneous Media. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1990, reprinted by IEEE Press, 1995, ch. 4.
9. R. Luebbers, F.P. Hunsgerger, K.S. Katz, R.B. Standler, and M. Schneider, "A frequency-dependent finite-difference time-domain formulation for dispersive materials," IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., vol. 32, pp. 222-227, Feb. 1990.
10. R. Luebbers and F.P. Hunsberger, "FDTD for JV-th order dispersive media," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 40, pp. 1297-1301, Dec. ?1992.
11. C.M. Rappaport and W.H. Weedon, "Computational issues in ground penetrating radar," Center Electromagn. Res., Northeastern Univ., Boston, MA, Unpublished Rep., 1994.
12. T. Kashiva, Y. Ohtomo, and I. Fukai, "A finite-difference time-domain formulation for transient propagation in dispersive media associated with ole-Cole's circular arc law," Microwave. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 3, no. 12, pp. 416-19, 1990.
13. R.M. Joseph, S.C. Hagness, and A. Taflove, "Direct time integration of Maxwell's equations in linear dispersive media with absorption for scattering and propagation of femtosecond electromagnetic pulses," Opt. Lett., vol. 16, pp. 1412-1414, 1991.
14. O.P. Gandhi, B.-Q. Gao, and J.-Y. Chen, "A frequency-dependent finite-difference time-domain formulation for general dispersive media," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 41, pp. 658-664, May 1993.
15. M.D. Bui, S.S. Stuchly, and G.I. Coustache, "Propagation of transients in dispersive dielectric media," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 39, pp. 1165-1171, Oct. 1991.
16. R.J. Hawkins and J.S. Kallman, "Linear electronic dispersion and finitedifference time-domain calculations: A simple approach," J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 11, pp. 1872-1874, 1993.
17. D.F. Kelley and R.J. Luebbers, "Piecewise linear recursive convolution for dispersive media using FDTD," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 44, pp. 792-797, June 1996.
18. J.P. Berenger, "A perfectly matched layer for the absorption of electromagnetic waves," J. Comput. Phys., vol. 114, pp. 185-200, 1994.
19. D.S. Katz, E.T. Thiele, and A. Taflove, "Validation and extension to three dimensions of the Berenger PML absorbing boundary condition for FD-TD meshes," IEEE Microwave Guided Wave Lett., vol. 4, pp. 268-270, Feb. 1994.
20. W.C. Chew and W.H. Weedon, "A 3D perfectly matched medium from modified Maxwell's equations with stretched coordinates," Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 7, pp. 599-604, 1994.
21. A. Bayliss and E. Türkei, "Radiation boundary conditions for wave-like equations," Commun. Pure Appl. Math., vol. 33, pp. 707-725, 1980.
22. G. Mur, "Absorbing boundary conditions for the finite-difference approximation of the time domain electromagnetic field equations," IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., vol. EMC-23, pp. 377-382, May 1981.
23. Z.P. Liao, H.L. Wong, B.P. Yang, and Y. F. Yuan, "A transmitting boundary for transient wave analysis," Scientia Sinica-A, vol. 27-A, pp. 1063-1076, 1984.
24. K.K. Mei and J. Fang, "Superabsorption-A method to improve absorbing boundary conditions," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 40, pp. 1001-1010, Sept. 1992.
25. S.D. Gedney, "An anisotropic PML absorbing media for the FDTD simulation of fields in lossy and dispersive media," Electromagnetics, vol. 16, pp. 399-15, 1996.
26. T. Uno, Y. He, and S. Adachi, "Perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary condition for dispersive medium," IEEE Microwave Guided Wave Lett., vol. 7, pp. 264-266, Sept. 1997.
27. Z.S. Sacks, D.M. Kingsland, R. Lee, and J.-F. Lee, "A perfectly matched anisotropic absorber for use as an absorbing boundary condition," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 43, pp. 1460-1463, Dec. 1995.
28. C. Liu and L.C. Chen, "Numerical simulation of subsurface radar for detecting buried pipes," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 29, pp. 795-798, July 1991.
29. M. Moghaddam, W.C. Chew, B. Anderson, E. Yannakis, and Q.H. Liu, "Computation of transient electromagnetic waves in inhomogeneous media," Radio Sei., vol. 26., no. 1, pp. 265-273, 1991.
30. M. Moghaddam, E.J. Yannakakis, W.C. Chew, and C. Randall, "Modeling of the subsurface interface radar," J. Electromagn. Waves Applicat., vol. 5, pp. 17-39, 1991.
31. Y. He, T. Uno, S. Adachi, and T. Mashiko, "Two-dimensional active imaging of conducting objects buried on a dielectric half-space," IEICE Trans. Commun., vol. E76-B, no. 12, pp. 1546-1551, 1993.
32. K. Demarest, R. Plumb, and Z. Huang, "The performance of FDTD absorbing boundary conditions for buried scatterers," in Proc. URSI Radio Sei. Mtg., 1994, p. 169.
33. T. Wang, M.L. Oristaglio, and W.C. Chew, "Finite-difference simulation of ground penetrating radar in dispersive soils," Schlumberger-Doll Research, Ridgefield, CT, SDR-EMG Res. Note, Dec. 1995.
34. B.J. Hook, "FDTD modeling of ground-penetrating radar antennas," in Proc. llth Annu. Rev. Prog. Appl. Comp. Electromag., Monterey, CA, 1995. pp. 740-747.
35. J.M. Bourgeois and G.S. Smith, "A fully three-dimensional simulation of a ground-penetrating radar: FDTD theory compared with experiment," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 34, pp. 36-14, Jan. 1996.
36. J. Calhoun, "A finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulation of electromagnetic wave propagation and scattering in a partially conducting layered earth," in Proc. 1997IGARSS-Int. Geosci. Remote Sensing Symp., pp. 922-924.
37. G.A. Newman and D.L. Alumbaugh, "3D Electromagnetic modeling using staggered finite differences," in Proc. 1997 IGARSS-Int. Geosci. Remote Sensing Symp., pp. 929-931.
38. S. Agosti, G.G. Gentili, and U. Spagnolini, "Electromagnetic inversion of monostatic GPR: Application to pavement profiling," in Proc. 1997 Int. Conf. Electromag. Adv. Applicat. (ICEAA'97), pp. 491-194.
39. K.S. Yee, "Numerical solution of initial boundary value problems involving Maxwell's equation in Isotropie media," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 14, pp. 302-307, Feb. 1966.
40. E.C. Levy, "Complex-curve fitting," IRE Trans. Automat. Control, pp. 37-3, May 1959.
41. F.J. Harris, "On the use of windows for harmonic analysis with the discrete Fourier transform," Proc. IEEE, vol. 66, pp. 51-83, Jan. 1978.