The Use of Fiber Concentrations for Ration Formulation

Journal of Dairy Science

Volumn 81, Issue 11, 1998, Pages 3063-3074

  Varga, G A ^a   Dann, H M ^a   Ishler, V A ^a  

^a PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Fiber digestibility; Neutral detergent fiber; Nonforage fiber

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; ANIMAL FOOD; CATTLE; DIETARY FIBER; DIGESTION; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE POLICY; METABOLISM; NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENT; PHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW; RUMINANT STOMACH;

ANIMAL FEED; ANIMAL NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGY; ANIMALS; CATTLE; DIETARY FIBER; DIGESTION; FEMALE; NUTRITION POLICY; NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS; RUMEN;

EID: 0032200586     PISSN: 00220302     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(98)75871-0     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Aldrich, J. M., L. A. Holden, L. D. Muller, and G. A. Varga. 1996. Rumen availabilities of nonstructural carbohydrate and protein estimated from in situ incubation of ingredients versus diets. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 63:257-271.
2. Allen, M. S. 1991. Carbohydrate Nutrition. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract. 7:327-340.
3. Allen, M. S. 1996. Fiber requirements for dairy cattle? How low can you go? Pages 12-18 in Proc. Calif. Nutr. Conf. Univ. Calif., Davis, CA.
4. Allen, M. S., and M. Oba. 1996. Increasing fiber digestibility may increase energy density, dry matter intake. Feedstuffs (Nov. 18):13-17.
5. Beauchemin, K. A., B. I. Farr, L. M. Rode, and G. B. Schaalje. 1994. Optimal neutral detergent fiber concentration of barley-based diets for lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77:1018-1029.
6. Bosch, M. W. 1991. Influence of stage of maturity of grass silages on digestion processes in dairy cows. Ph.D. Diss., Agric. Univ., Wageningen, The Netherlands.
7. Briceno, J. V., H. H. VanHorn, B. Harris, and C. J. Wilcox. 1987. Effects of neutral detergent fiber and roughage on dry matter intake and milk yield and composition of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 82:298-308.
8. Chandler, P. 1990. Energy predicting of feeds by forage testing explored. Feedstuffs (Aug 27):12.
9. Chase, L. E. 1994. Where do fibrous by-products fit in dairy rations? Pages 138-149 in Proc. Cornell Nutr. Conf., Syracuse, NY. Cornell Univ. Agric. Exp. Stn., Ithaca, NY.
10. Chesson, A. 1988. Lignin-polysaccharide complexes of the plant cell wall and their effect on microbial degradation in the rumen. Anim. Feed. Sci. Technol. 21:219-228.
11. Clark, P. W., and L. E. Armentano. 1993. Effectiveness of neutral detergent fiber in whole cottonseed and dried distillers grains compared with alfalfa haylage. J. Dairy Sci. 76: 2644-2650.
12. Clark, P. W., and L. E. Armentano. 1997. Replacement of alfalfa neutral detergent fiber with a combination of nonforage fiber sources. J. Dairy Sci. 80:675-680.
13. Combs, D. 1992. Dietary fiber and the ruminant. Pages 23-31 in Proc. Thirteenth Western Nutr. Conf., Saskatoon, Canada. Univ. Saskatoon, Saskatoon.
14. Conrad, H. R., W. P. Weiss, W. O. Odwongo, and W. L. Shockey. 1984. Estimating net energy lactation from components of cell solubles and cell walls. J. Dairy Sci. 67:427-439.
15. Dado, R. G., and M. S. Allen. 1995. Intake limitations, feeding behavior, and rumen function of cows challenged with rumen fill from dietary fiber or inert bulk. J. Dairy Sci. 78:118-133.
16. Dado, R. G., and M. S. Allen. 1996. Enhanced intake and production of cows offered ensiled alfalfa with higher neutral detergent fiber digestibility. J. Dairy Sci. 79:418-428.
17. Depies, K. K., and L. E. Armentano. 1995. Partial replacement of alfalfa fiber with fiber from ground corn cobs or wheat middlings. J. Dairy Sci. 78:1328-1335.
18. Forbes, J. M. 1980. Hormones and metabolites in the control of food intake. Pages 145-160 in Digestive Physiology and Metabolism in Ruminants. Y. Ruckebusch and P. Thivend, ed. AVI Publ. Co., Inc., Westport, CT.
19. Gentile, G., S. Cinotti, G. Ferri, and P. Famigli-Bergamini. 1986. Nutritional acidosis and technological characteristics of milk in high producing dairy cows. Pages 823-828 in Proc. 14th World Congr. Diseases Cattle. Dublin, Ireland. P. J. Harigan and M. L. Monaghan, ed. Ir. Cattle Vet. Assoc., Dublin, Ireland.
20. Harmison, B., M. L. Eastridge, and J. L. Firkins. 1997. Effect of percentage dietary forage neutral detergent fiber and source of starch on performance of lactating Jersey cows. J. Dairy Sci. 80: 905-911.
21. Hartnell, G. F., and L. D. Satter. 1979. Determination of rumen fill, retention time, and ruminal turnover rates of ingesta at different stages of lactation in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 48: 381-392.
22. Herrera-Saldana, R., R. Gomez-Alarcon, M. Torabi, and J. T. Huber. 1990. Influence of synchronizing protein and starch degradation in the rumen on nutrient utilization and microbial protein synthesis. J. Dairy Sci. 73:142-148.
23. Hoover, W. H. 1986. Chemical factors involved m ruminal fiber digestion. J. Dairy Sci. 69:2755-2766.
24. Huthanen, P., and H. Khalili. 1991. Sucrose supplements in cattle given grass silage based diet. 3. Rumen pool size and digestion kinetics. Anim. Food Sci. Technol. 33:275-287.
25. Illius, A. W., and M. S. Allen. 1994. Assessing forage quality using integrated models of intake and digestion by ruminants. Pages 869-890 in Forage Quality, Evaluation and Utilization. G. C. Fahey Jr., M. Collins, D. R. Mertens, and L. E. Moser, ed. Am. Soc. Agron., Crop Sci. Soc. Am., and Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, WI.
26. Johnson, T. R., and D. K. Combs. 1991. Effects of prepartum diet, inert rumen bulk, and dietary polyethylene glycol on diet dry matter intake of lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 74: 933-941.
27. Jung, H. G., and M. S. Allen. 1995. Characteristics of plant cell walls affecting intake and digestibility of forages by ruminants. J. Anim. Sci. 73:2774-2790.
28. Jung, H. G., and J. G. Linn. 1988. Forage NDF and intake: a critique. Pages 39-54 in Proc. Minnesota Nutr. Conf., Bloomington, Univ. Minn, St. Paul.
29. Kawas, J. R., N. A. Jorgensen, and J. L. Danelon. 1991. Fiber requirements of dairy cows: optimum fiber level in lucerne-based diets for high producing cows. Livest. Prod. Sci. 28: 108-119.
30. Mathison, G. W. 1990. New methods of forage evaluation. Pages 59-70 in Proc. 11th West. Can. Nutr. Conf., Calgary, AB, Canada.
31. McCarthy, R. D., Jr., T. H. Klusmeyer, J. L. Vicini, and J. H. Clark. 1989. Effects of source of protein and carbohydrate on ruminal fermentation and passage of nutrients to the small intestine of lactating cows. J. Dairy Sci. 72:2002-2016.
32. McQueen, R. E., and P. H. Robinson. 1993. Intake behavior, rumen fermentation, and milk production of dairy cows as influenced by dietary levels of fermentable neutral detergent fiber. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 76:357-365.
33. Mertens, D. R. 1980. Fiber content and nutrient density in dairy rations. Pages 35-44 in Proc. Dist. Feed Conf., Cincinnati, OH.
34. Mertens, D. R. 1983. Using neutral detergent fiber to formulate dairy rations and estimate the energy content of forage. Pages 60-69 in Proc. Cornell Nutr. Conf. Feed Manuf., Syracuse, NY. Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY.
35. Mertens, D. R. 1985. Factors influencing feed intake in lactating cows: from theory to application using neutral detergent fiber. Pages 1-18 in Proc. 46th Georgia Nutr. Conf. Univ. Georgia, Athens.
36. Mertens, D. R. 1987. Predicting intake and digestibility using mathematical models of ruminal function. J. Anim. Sci. 64: 1548-1558.
37. Mertens, D. R. 1988. Balancing carbohydrates in dairy rations. Pages 150-155 in Proc. Large Herd Dairy Manage. Conf., Dep. Anim. Sci., Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY.
38. Mertens, D. R. 1994. Regulation of forage intake. Pages 450-493 in Forage Quality, Evaluation and Utilization. G. C. Fahey, Jr., M. Collins, D. R. Mertens, and L. E. Moser, ed. Am. Soc. Agron., Crop Sci. Soc. Am., and Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, WI.
39. Miller, T. K., W. H. Hoover, W. W. Poland Jr., R. W. Wood, and W. V. Thayne. 1990. Effects of low and high fill diets on intake and milk production in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 73:2453-2459.
40. Mooney, C. S., and M. S. Allen. 1993. Effectiveness of whole fuzzy cottonseed NDF relative to alfalfa silage at two lengths of cut. J. Dairy Sci. 76(Suppl. 1):247.(Abstr.)
41. National Research Council. 1989. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 6th rev. ed. Natl. Acad. Sci., Washington, DC.
42. Nocek, J. E. 1991. New concepts in carbohydrate nutrition for high producing cows. Prof. Anim. Sci. 8:5-16.
43. Nocek, J. E., and J. B. Russell. 1988. Protein and energy as an integrated system. Relationship of ruminal protein and carbohydrate availability to microbial synthesis and milk production. J. Dairy Sci. 71:2070-2111.
44. Poore, M. H., J. A. Moore, R. S. Swingle, T. P. Eck, and W. H. Brown. 1991. Wheat straw or alfalfa hay in diets with 30% neutral detergent fiber for lactating Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 74:3152-3159.
45. Putnam, D. E., K. J. Soder, L. A. Holden, G. A. Varga, and H. M. Dann. 1997. Periparturient traits correlate with postpartum dry matter intake and milk yield. J. Dairy Sci. 80 (Suppl. 1):142.(Abstr.)
46. Robinson, P. H., and R. E. McQueen. 1997. Influence of level of concentrate allocation and fermentability of forage fiber on chewing behavior and production of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 80: 681-691.
47. Sawar, M., J. L. Firkins, and M. L. Eastridge. 1992. Effects of varying forage and concentrate carbohydrates on nutrient digestibilities and milk production by dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 75:1533-1542.
48. Shaver, R. D., A. J. Nytes, L. D. Satter, and N. A. Jorgensen. 1988. Influence of feed intake, forage physical form, and forage fiber content on particle size of masticated forage, ruminal digesta, and feces of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 71:1566-1572.
49. Sutherland, T. M. 1988. Particle separation in the forestomachs of sheep. Pages 43-73 in Aspects of Digestive Physiology in Ruminants. A. Dobson and M. J. Dobson, ed. Comstock Publ. Assoc., Ithaca, NY.
50. Swain, S. M., and L. E. Armentano. 1994. Quantitative evaluation of fiber from nonforage sources used to replace alfalfa silage. J. Dairy Sci. 77:2318-2331.
51. Tamminga, S. 1993. Influence of feeding management on ruminant fiber digestibility. Pages 572-602 in Forage Cell Wall Structure and Digestibility. H. G. Jung, D. R. Buxton, R. D. Hartfield, and J. Ralph, ed. Am. Soc. Agron., Crop Sci. Soc. Am., and Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, WI.
52. Tamminga, S., A. M. Van Vuuren, C. J. Van Der Koelen, R. S. Ketelaar, and P. L. Van Der Togt. 1990. Ruminal behaviour of structural carbohydrates, non-structural carbohydrates and crude protein from concentrate ingredients in dairy cows. Neth. J. Agric. Sci. 38:513-526.
53. Van Soest, P. J. 1965. Voluntary intake in relation to chemical composition and digestibility. J. Anim. Sci. 24:834-843.
54. Van Soest, P. J., D. R. Mertens, and B. Deinum. 1978. Preharvest factors influencing quality of conserved forage. J. Anim. Sci. 47:712-720.
55. Van Soest, P. J., J. B. Robertson, and B. A. Lewis. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74:3583-3597.
56. Varga, G. A., and W. H. Hoover. 1983. Rate and extent of neutral detergent fiber degradation of feedstuffs in situ. J. Dairy Sci. 66:2109-2115.
57. Varga, G. A., W. H. Hoover, L. L. Junkins, and B. J. Shriver. 1988. Effects of urea and isoacids on in vitro fermentation of diets containing formaldehyde-treated or untreated soybean meal. J. Dairy Sci. 71:737-744.
58. Varga, G. A., and E. S. Kolver. 1997. Microbial and animal limitations to fiber digestion and utilization. J. Nutr. 127: 819S-823S.
59. Varga, G. A., E. M. Meisterling, R. A. Dailey, and W. H. Hoover. 1984. Effect of low and high fill diets on dry matter intake, milk production, and reproductive performance during early lactation. J. Dairy Sci. 67:1240-1248.
60. Varga, G. A., and T. J. Whitsel. 1991. Effect of nonstructural to structural carbohydrate ratio on rate and extent of nutrient utilization in situ. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 68:32:275-286.
61. Varga, G. A., H. F. Tyrrell, G. B. Huntington,. D. R. Waldo, and B. P. Glenn. 1990. Utilization of nitrogen and energy by Holstein steers fed formaldehyde and formic acid treated alfalfa or orchardgrass at two intakes. J. Anim. Sci. 68:3780-3792.
62. Waldo, D. R. 1986. Effect of forage quality on intake and forage-concentrate interactions. J. Dairy Sci. 69:617-631.
63. Weiss, W. P. 1993. Predicting energy values of feeds. J. Dairy Sci. 76:1802-1811.