Effects of hypoxia on glial cell expression of angiogenesis-regulating factors VEGF and TGF-β

GLIA

Volumn 24, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 216-225

  Behzadian, M Ali ^a   Wang, Xi Liang ^a   Shabrawey, Mohammed ^a   Caldwell, Ruth B ^a  

^a MEDICAL COLLEGE OF GEORGIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Angiogenesis; Endothelial cell; Muller glial cell; Retina; TGF ; VEGF

Indexed keywords

ADSORPTION; ANGIOGENESIS; APOPTOSIS; ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; EPITHELIUM CELL; GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR; HYPOXIA; IMMUNOLOGICAL TECHNIQUE; NERVE CELL; NORTHERN BLOTTING; WESTERN BLOTTING;

ANIMALS; ANOXIA; BLOTTING, NORTHERN; BLOTTING, WESTERN; CELL DIVISION; CELLS, CULTURED; CULTURE MEDIA, CONDITIONED; ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTORS; ENDOTHELIUM, VASCULAR; ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; LYMPHOKINES; MICROCIRCULATION; NEOVASCULARIZATION, PHYSIOLOGIC; NEUROGLIA; RATS; RNA, MESSENGER; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR A; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTORS;

EID: 0032190580     PISSN: 08941491     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1136(199810)24:2<216::AID-GLIA6>3.0.CO;2-1     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Antonelli-Orlidge, A., Saunders, K.B., Smith, S.R., and D'Amore, P.A. (1989) An activated form of transforming growth factor beta is produced by coculture of endothelial cells and pericytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. USA, 86:4544-4548.
2. Bagavandoss, P., and Wilks, J.W. (1990) Specific inhibition of endothelial cell prolifferation by thrombospondin. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 170:867-872.
3. Behzadian, M.A., Wang, X.L., Jiang, B., and Caldwell, R.B. (1995) Angiostatic role of astrocytes: Suppression of vascular endothelial cell growth by TGF-β and other inhibitory factor(s). Glia, 15:480-490.
4. Bowman, P.D., Bet, A.L., and Goldstein, G.W. (1982) Primary culture of microvascular endothelial cells from bovine retina: Selective growth using fibronectin-coated substrate and plasma-derived serum. In Vitro, 18:626-632.
5. Breier, G., Albrecht, U., Sterrer, S., and Risau, W. (1992) Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor during embryonic angiogenesis and endothelial cell differentiation. Development, 114:521-532.
6. Capetandes, A., and Gerritsen, M.E. (1990) Simplified methods for consistent and selective culture of bovine retinal endothelial cells and pericytes. Invest. Opthalmol. Vis. Sci., 31:1738-1744.
7. Chamak, B., Morandi, V., and Mallat, M. (1994) Brain macrophages stimulate neurite growth and regeneration by secreting thrombospondin. J. Neurosci. Res., 38:221-233.
8. Chamak, B., Dobbertin, A., and Mallat, M. (1995) Immunohistochemical detection of thrombospondin in microglia in the developing rat brain. Neuroscience, 69:177-187.
9. Chan-Ling, T., Gock, B., and Stone, J. (1995) Supplemental oxygen therapy: Basis for non-invasive treatment of retinopathy of prematurity. Invest. Opthalmol. Vis. Sci., 36:1215-1230.
10. Cheifetz, S., Like, B., and Massague, J. (1986) Cellular distribution of type I and type II receptors for transforming growth factor-beta. J. Biol. Chem., 261:9972-9978.
11. Cheifetz, S., Hernandez, H., Laiho, M., Dijke, P., Iwata, K.K., and Massague, J. (1990) Distinct transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) receptor subsets as determinants of cellular responsiveness to three TGF-beta isoforms. J. Biol. Chem., 265:20533-20538.
12. Claffy, P.K., Wilkinson, W.O., and Spiegelman, B.M. (1992) Vascular endothelial growth factor, differentiation and activated second messenger pathway. J. Biol Chem., 267:16317-16322.
13. Damert, A., Machein, M., Breier, G., Fujita, M.Q., Hanahan, D., Risau, W., and Plate, K.H. (1997) Up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in a rat glioma is conferred by two distinct hypoxia-driven mechanisms. Cancer Res., 57:3860-3864.
14. D'Amore, P.A. (1994) Mechanisms of retinal and choroidal neovascularization. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 35:3974-3979.
15. de Vries, C., Escobedo, J.A., Ueno, H., Houck, K., Ferrara, N., and Williams, L.T. (1992) The fms-like tyrosine kinase, a receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor. Science, 255:989-991.
16. Dickinson, E.S., and Slakey, L.L. (1982) Plasma-derived serum as a select agent to obtain endothelial cultures from swine aorta. In Vitro, 18:63-70.
17. Dvorak, H.F., Brown, L.F., Detmar, M., and Dvorak, A.M. (1995) Vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor, microvascular hyperpermeability and angiogenesis. Am. J. Pathol, 146:1029-1039.
18. Finkenzeller, G., Technau, A., and Marme, D. (1995) Hypoxia-induced transcription of the vascular endothelial growth factor gene is independent of functional Ap-1 transcription factor. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 208:432-443.
19. Flaumenhaft, R.M., Abe, M., Mignatti, P., and Rifkin, D.B. (1992) Basic fibroblast growth factor-induced activation of latent transforming growth factor β in endothelial cells: Regulation of plasminogen activator activity. J. Cell Biol., 118:901-909.
20. Good, D.J., Polverini, P.J., Rastinejad, F., LeBeau, M.M., Lemons, R.S., Frazier, W.A., and Bouck, N.P. (1990) A tumor suppressor-dependent inhibitor of angiogenesis is immunologically and functionally indistinguishable from a fragment of thrombospondin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 87:6624-6628.
21. Hansen, M.B., Neilsen, S.E., and Berg, K. (1989) Re-examination and further development of a precise and rapid dye method for measuring cell growth/cell kill. J. Immunol. Methods, 119:203-210.
22. Heimark, R.L., Twardzik, D.R., and Schowartz, S.M. (1986) Inhibition of endothelial cell regeneration by type-beta transforming growth factor from platelets. Science, 233:1078-1080.
23. Hicks, D., and Courtois, Y. (1990) The growth and behaviour of rat Muller cells in vitro; an improved method for isolation and culture. Exp. Eye Res., 51:119-129.
24. Houck, C.K., Ferrara, N., Winer, J., Cachianes, G., Li, B., and Leung, D.W. (1991) The vascular endothelial growth factor family: Identification of a four molecular species and characterization of alternative splicing of RNA. Mol. Endocrinol., 5:1806-1814.
25. Ijichi, A., Sakuma, S., and Tofilon, P.J. (1995) Hypoxia-induced vascular endothelial growth factor expression in normal rat astrocyte cultures. Glia, 14:87-93.
26. Ikeda, E., Achen, M.G., and Risau, W. (1995) Hypoxia-induced transcriptional activation and increased mRNA stability of vascular endothelial growth factor in C6 glioma cell. J. Biol. Chem., 270: 19761-19766.
27. Kanzaki, T., Olofsson, A., Moren, A., Wernstedt, C., Helman, U., Myazono, K., Klaesson-Walsh, L., and Heldin, G.H. (1990) TGF-β1 binding protein: A component of the large latent complex of TGF-β1 with multiple repeat sequences. Cell, 61:1051-1061.
28. Khaliq, A., Patel, B., Jarvis-Evans, J., Moriarty, P., McLeod, D., and Boulton, M. (1995) Oxygen modulates production of bFGF and TGF-β by retinal cells in vitro. Exp. Eye Res., 60:415-424.
29. Kremer, C., Breier, G., Risau, W., and Plate, K.H. (1997) Up-regulation of flk-1/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 by its ligand in a cerebral slice culture system. Cancer Res., 57:3852-3859.
30. Laterra, J., and Goldstein, G.W. (1991) Astroglial-induced in vitro angiogenesis: Requirements for RNA and protein synthesis, J. Neurochem., 57:1231-1239.
31. Laterra, J., Guerin, C., and Goldstein, G.W. (1990) Astrocytes induce neural microvascular endothelial cells to form capillary-like structures in vitro. J. Cell Physiol., 144:204-215.
32. Lawrence, D.A., Pircher, R., Kryceve-Martinerie, C., and Jullien, P. (1984) Normal embryo fibroblasts release transforming growth factors in a latent form. J. Cell. Physiol., 121:184-188.
33. Lawrence, D.A., Pircher, R., and Jullien, P. (1985) Conversion of a high molecular weight latent β-TGF from chicken embryo fibroblasts into a low molecular weight active β-TGF under acidic conditions. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 133:1026-1034.
34. Leung, D.W., Cachianes, G., Kuang, W., Goeddel, D.V., and Ferrara, N. (1989) Vascular endothelial growth factor is a secreted aniogenic mitogen. Science, 246:1306-1309.
35. Like, B. and Massague, J. (1986) The antiproliferative effect of type β transforming growth factor occurs at a level distal from receptors for growth-activating factors. J. Biol. Chem., 261:13426-13429.
36. Lyons, R.M., Keski-Oja, J., and Moses, H.L. (1988) Proteolytic activation of latent transforming growth factor-β from flbroblast-conditioned medium. J. Cell Biol, 106:1659-1665.
37. Maniatis, T., Fritsch, E.F., and Sambrook, J. (1982) Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.
38. Massague, J. (1992) Receptors for TGF-β family. Cell, 69:1067-1070.
39. Millauer, B., Wizigmann-Goos, S., Schnurch, H., Martinez, R., Moller, N., Risau, W., and Ullrich, A. (1993) High affinity VEGF binding and developmental expression suggest flk-1 as a major regulator of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Cell, 72:835-846.
40. Millauer, B., Shawver, L.K., Plate, K.H., Risau, W., and Ullrich, A. (1994) Glioblastoma growth inhibited in vivo by a dominant-negative Flk-1 mutant. Nature, 367:576-577.
41. Nomura, M., Yamagishi, S., Harada, S., Hayashi, Y., Ymashima, T., Yamashita, J., and Yamamoto, H. (1995) Possible participation of autocrine and paracrine vascular endothelial growth factors in hypoxia-induced proliferation of endothelial cells and pericytes. J. Biol. Chem., 270:28316-28324.
42. Park, J., Keller, G.A., and Ferrara, N. (1993) The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) isoforms: Differential deposition into the subepithelial extracellular matrix and bioactivity of extracellular matrix-bond VEGF. Mol. Biol. Cell, 4:1317-1326.
43. Penfold, P.L., Provis, J.M., Madigan, M.C., Driel, D., and Billson, F.A. (1990) Angiogenesis in normal human retinal development: The involvement of astrocytes and macrophages. Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol., 228:255-263.
44. Pepper, M.S., Vassalli, J.D., Orci, L., and Montesano, R. (1993) Biphasic effect of transforming growth factor-β1 on in vitro angiogenesis. Exp. Cell Res., 204:356-363.
45. Peters, K.G., DeVries, C., and Williams, L.T. (1993) Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor expression during embryogenesis and tissue repair suggests a role in endothelial differentiation and blood vessel growth. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 90:8915-8919.
46. Pertovaara, L., Kaipainen, A., Mustonen, T., Orpana, A., Ferrara, N., Saksela, O., and Alitalo, K. (1994) Vascular endothelial growth factor is induced in response to transforming growth factor-β in fibroblastic and epithelial cells. J. Biol. Chem., 269:6271-6274.
47. Pierce, E.A., Avery, R.L., Foley, E.D., Aiello, L.P., and Smith, L.H. (1995) Vascular endothelial growth factor/vasular permeability factor expression in a mouse model of retinal neovascularization. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 92:905-909.
48. Plate, K.H., Breier, G., Wich, H.A., and Risau, W. (1992) Vascular endothelial growth factor is a potential tumour angiogenesis factor in human gliomas in vivo. Nature, 359:845-846.
49. Plate, K.H., Breier, G., Wich, H.A., and Risau, W. (1994) Vascular endothelial growth factor and glioma angiogenesis: Coordinate induction of VEGF receptor, distribution of VEGF protein and possible in vivo regulatory mechanisms. Int. J. Cancer, 59:520-529.
50. Rastinejad, F., Polverini, P.J., and Bouck, N.P. (1989) Regulation of the activity of a new inhibitor of angiogenesis by a cancer suppressor gene. Cell, 56:345-355.
51. Roque, R.S., Caldwell, R.B., and Behzadian, M.A. (1992) Cultured Muller cells have high levels of epidermal growth factor receptors. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 33:2587-2595.
52. Sato, Y., and Rifkin, D.B. (1989) Inhibition of endothelial cell movement by pericytes and smooth muscle cells: Activation of a latent transforming growth factor-β1-like molecule by plasmin during co-culture. J Cell Biol., 109:309-315.
53. Schultz-Cherry, S., and Murphy-Ullrich, J.E. (1993) Thrombospondin causes activation of latent trans-forming growth factor-β secreted by endothelial cells by a novel mechanism. J. Cell Biol., 122:923-932.
54. Segarini, P.R. (1990) Cell type specificity of TGF-β binding. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 593:73-90.
55. Shima, D.T., Deutsch, U., and D'Amore, P.A. (1995) Hypoxic induction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human epithelial cell is mediated by increase in mRNA stability. FEBS Lett., 370:203-208.
56. Shweiki, D., Itin, A., Soffer, D., and Keshet, E. (1992) Vascular endothelial growth factor induced by hypoxia may mediate hypoxiainitiated angiogenesis. Nature, 59:843-846.
57. Simorre-Pintel, V., Guerrin, M., Chollet, P., Penary, M., Clamen, S., Malecaze, F., and Plouet, J. (1994) Vasculotropin-VEGF stimulate retinal capillary endothelial cells through an autocrine pathway. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 35:3393-3400.
58. Stone, J., Itin, A., Alon, T., Pe'er, J., Gnessin, H., Chan-Ling, T., and Keshet, E. (1995) Development of retinal vasculature is mediated by hypoxia-induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression by neuroglia. J. Neurosci., 15:4738-4747.
59. Thomas, K.A. (1996) Vascular endothelial growth factor, a potent and selective angiogenic agent. J. Biol. Chem., 271:603-606.
60. Tucker, R.F., Shipley, G.D., and Moses, H.L. (1984) Growth inhibitor from BSC-1 cells closely related to platelet type β transforming growth factor. Science, 226:705-707.
61. Tischer, E., Mitchell, R., Hartman, T., Silva, M., Gospodarowicz, D., Fiddes, J.C., and Abraham, J.A. (1991) The human gene for vascular endothelial growth factor. J. Biol. Chem., 266:11947-11954.
62. Webersinke, G., Bauer, H., Amberger, A., Zach, O., and Bauer, H.C. (1992) Comparison of gene expression of extracellular matrix molecules in brain microvascular endothelial and astrocytes. Biophys. Invest. Opthalmol. Biochem. Res. Commun., 189:877-884.
63. Wizigmann-Voos, S., Breier, G., Risau, W., and Plate, K.H. (1995) Up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor in von Hippel-Lindau disease-associated and sporadic hemangioblastomas. Cancer Res., 55:1358-1364 .