Transition metals as templates for multifunctional initiators: Bulk atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene using di-, tetra- and hexafunctional ruthenium tris(bipyridine) reagents

Macromolecules

Volumn 31, Issue 19, 1998, Pages 6715-6717

  Collins, James E ^a   Fraser, Cassandra L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FREE RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; INITIATORS (CHEMICAL); LIGHT SCATTERING; MACROMOLECULES; MOLECULAR STRUCTURE; ORGANOMETALLICS; RUTHENIUM COMPOUNDS;

ATOM TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION;

POLYSTYRENES;

EID: 0032166566     PISSN: 00249297     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ma9806256     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. For recent reviews see: (a) Matyjaszewski, K., Ed. Controlled Radical Polymerizations; ACS Symposium Series 685; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998. (b) Qiu, J.; Matyjaszewski, K. Acta Polym. 1997, 48, 169-80. (c) Hawker, C. J. Trends Polym. Sci. 1996, 4, 183. (d) Georges, M. K.; Veregin, R. P. N.; Kazmaier, P. M.; Hamer, G. K. Trends Polym. Sci. 1994, 2, 66. (e) Sawamoto, M.; Kamigaito, M.; Trends Polym. Sci. 1996, 4, 317.
2. For recent reviews see: (a) Matyjaszewski, K., Ed. Controlled Radical Polymerizations; ACS Symposium Series 685; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998. (b) Qiu, J.; Matyjaszewski, K. Acta Polym. 1997, 48, 169-80. (c) Hawker, C. J. Trends Polym. Sci. 1996, 4, 183. (d) Georges, M. K.; Veregin, R. P. N.; Kazmaier, P. M.; Hamer, G. K. Trends Polym. Sci. 1994, 2, 66. (e) Sawamoto, M.; Kamigaito, M.; Trends Polym. Sci. 1996, 4, 317.
3. For recent reviews see: (a) Matyjaszewski, K., Ed. Controlled Radical Polymerizations; ACS Symposium Series 685; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998. (b) Qiu, J.; Matyjaszewski, K. Acta Polym. 1997, 48, 169-80. (c) Hawker, C. J. Trends Polym. Sci. 1996, 4, 183. (d) Georges, M. K.; Veregin, R. P. N.; Kazmaier, P. M.; Hamer, G. K. Trends Polym. Sci. 1994, 2, 66. (e) Sawamoto, M.; Kamigaito, M.; Trends Polym. Sci. 1996, 4, 317.
4. For recent reviews see: (a) Matyjaszewski, K., Ed. Controlled Radical Polymerizations; ACS Symposium Series 685; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998. (b) Qiu, J.; Matyjaszewski, K. Acta Polym. 1997, 48, 169-80. (c) Hawker, C. J. Trends Polym. Sci. 1996, 4, 183. (d) Georges, M. K.; Veregin, R. P. N.; Kazmaier, P. M.; Hamer, G. K. Trends Polym. Sci. 1994, 2, 66. (e) Sawamoto, M.; Kamigaito, M.; Trends Polym. Sci. 1996, 4, 317.
5. For recent reviews see: (a) Matyjaszewski, K., Ed. Controlled Radical Polymerizations; ACS Symposium Series 685; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998. (b) Qiu, J.; Matyjaszewski, K. Acta Polym. 1997, 48, 169-80. (c) Hawker, C. J. Trends Polym. Sci. 1996, 4, 183. (d) Georges, M. K.; Veregin, R. P. N.; Kazmaier, P. M.; Hamer, G. K. Trends Polym. Sci. 1994, 2, 66. (e) Sawamoto, M.; Kamigaito, M.; Trends Polym. Sci. 1996, 4, 317.
6. Multiarm materials by living radical polymerization methodologies: (a) Ueda, J.; Jatsuyama, M.; Kamigaito, M.; Sawamoto, M. Macromolecules 1998, 31, 557-62. (b) Hawker, C. J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 1456. (c) Gao, B.; Chen, X.; Ivan, B.; Kops, J.; Batsberg, W. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1997, 18, 1095. (d) Kickelbick, G.; Miller, P. J.; Matyjaszewski, K. Polym. Prepr. 1998, 39 (1), 284-5.
7. Multiarm materials by living radical polymerization methodologies: (a) Ueda, J.; Jatsuyama, M.; Kamigaito, M.; Sawamoto, M. Macromolecules 1998, 31, 557-62. (b) Hawker, C. J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 1456. (c) Gao, B.; Chen, X.; Ivan, B.; Kops, J.; Batsberg, W. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1997, 18, 1095. (d) Kickelbick, G.; Miller, P. J.; Matyjaszewski, K. Polym. Prepr. 1998, 39 (1), 284-5.
8. Multiarm materials by living radical polymerization methodologies: (a) Ueda, J.; Jatsuyama, M.; Kamigaito, M.; Sawamoto, M. Macromolecules 1998, 31, 557-62. (b) Hawker, C. J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 1456. (c) Gao, B.; Chen, X.; Ivan, B.; Kops, J.; Batsberg, W. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1997, 18, 1095. (d) Kickelbick, G.; Miller, P. J.; Matyjaszewski, K. Polym. Prepr. 1998, 39 (1), 284-5.
9. Multiarm materials by living radical polymerization methodologies: (a) Ueda, J.; Jatsuyama, M.; Kamigaito, M.; Sawamoto, M. Macromolecules 1998, 31, 557-62. (b) Hawker, C. J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 1456. (c) Gao, B.; Chen, X.; Ivan, B.; Kops, J.; Batsberg, W. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1997, 18, 1095. (d) Kickelbick, G.; Miller, P. J.; Matyjaszewski, K. Polym. Prepr. 1998, 39 (1), 284-5.
10. For examples, see: (a) Matyjaszewski, K.; Wang, J.-L.; Grimaud, T.; Shipp, D. A. Macromolecules 1998, 31, 1527-34. (b) Xia, J. ; Matyjaszewski, K. Macromolecules 1997, 30, 7697-700. (c) Matyjaszewski, K.; Gaynor, S.; Wang, J.-S.; Macromolecules 1995, 28, 2093-5. (d) Xia, J.; Matyjaszewski, K. Polym. Prepr. 1997, 37 (2), 513. (e) Wei, M.; Matyjaszewski, K. Polym. Prepr. 1997, 38 (1), 683. (f) Percec, V.; Barboiu, B.; Kim, H.-J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 305-16. (g) Ando, T.; Nishikawa, T.; Kamigaito, M.; Sawamoto, M. Macromolecules 1997, 30, 4507. (h) Barclay, G. G.; Hawker, C. J.; Ito, H.; Orellana, A.; Malenfant, P. R. L.; Sinta, R. F. Macromolecules 1998, 31, 1024-31. (i) Kwon, T. S.; Kumazawa, S.; Yokoi, T.; Kondo, S.; Kunisada, H.; Yuki, Y. J. Macromol. Sci. - Pure Appl. Chem. 1997, A34 (9), 1553-67
11. For examples, see: (a) Matyjaszewski, K.; Wang, J.-L.; Grimaud, T.; Shipp, D. A. Macromolecules 1998, 31, 1527-34. (b) Xia, J. ; Matyjaszewski, K. Macromolecules 1997, 30, 7697-700. (c) Matyjaszewski, K.; Gaynor, S.; Wang, J.-S.; Macromolecules 1995, 28, 2093-5. (d) Xia, J.; Matyjaszewski, K. Polym. Prepr. 1997, 37 (2), 513. (e) Wei, M.; Matyjaszewski, K. Polym. Prepr. 1997, 38 (1), 683. (f) Percec, V.; Barboiu, B.; Kim, H.-J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 305-16. (g) Ando, T.; Nishikawa, T.; Kamigaito, M.; Sawamoto, M. Macromolecules 1997, 30, 4507. (h) Barclay, G. G.; Hawker, C. J.; Ito, H.; Orellana, A.; Malenfant, P. R. L.; Sinta, R. F. Macromolecules 1998, 31, 1024-31. (i) Kwon, T. S.; Kumazawa, S.; Yokoi, T.; Kondo, S.; Kunisada, H.; Yuki, Y. J. Macromol. Sci. - Pure Appl. Chem. 1997, A34 (9), 1553-67
12. For examples, see: (a) Matyjaszewski, K.; Wang, J.-L.; Grimaud, T.; Shipp, D. A. Macromolecules 1998, 31, 1527-34. (b) Xia, J. ; Matyjaszewski, K. Macromolecules 1997, 30, 7697-700. (c) Matyjaszewski, K.; Gaynor, S.; Wang, J.-S.; Macromolecules 1995, 28, 2093-5. (d) Xia, J.; Matyjaszewski, K. Polym. Prepr. 1997, 37 (2), 513. (e) Wei, M.; Matyjaszewski, K. Polym. Prepr. 1997, 38 (1), 683. (f) Percec, V.; Barboiu, B.; Kim, H.-J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 305-16. (g) Ando, T.; Nishikawa, T.; Kamigaito, M.; Sawamoto, M. Macromolecules 1997, 30, 4507. (h) Barclay, G. G.; Hawker, C. J.; Ito, H.; Orellana, A.; Malenfant, P. R. L.; Sinta, R. F. Macromolecules 1998, 31, 1024-31. (i) Kwon, T. S.; Kumazawa, S.; Yokoi, T.; Kondo, S.; Kunisada, H.; Yuki, Y. J. Macromol. Sci. - Pure Appl. Chem. 1997, A34 (9), 1553-67
13. For examples, see: (a) Matyjaszewski, K.; Wang, J.-L.; Grimaud, T.; Shipp, D. A. Macromolecules 1998, 31, 1527-34. (b) Xia, J. ; Matyjaszewski, K. Macromolecules 1997, 30, 7697-700. (c) Matyjaszewski, K.; Gaynor, S.; Wang, J.-S.; Macromolecules 1995, 28, 2093-5. (d) Xia, J.; Matyjaszewski, K. Polym. Prepr. 1997, 37 (2), 513. (e) Wei, M.; Matyjaszewski, K. Polym. Prepr. 1997, 38 (1), 683. (f) Percec, V.; Barboiu, B.; Kim, H.-J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 305-16. (g) Ando, T.; Nishikawa, T.; Kamigaito, M.; Sawamoto, M. Macromolecules 1997, 30, 4507. (h) Barclay, G. G.; Hawker, C. J.; Ito, H.; Orellana, A.; Malenfant, P. R. L.; Sinta, R. F. Macromolecules 1998, 31, 1024-31. (i) Kwon, T. S.; Kumazawa, S.; Yokoi, T.; Kondo, S.; Kunisada, H.; Yuki, Y. J. Macromol. Sci. - Pure Appl. Chem. 1997, A34 (9), 1553-67
14. For examples, see: (a) Matyjaszewski, K.; Wang, J.-L.; Grimaud, T.; Shipp, D. A. Macromolecules 1998, 31, 1527-34. (b) Xia, J. ; Matyjaszewski, K. Macromolecules 1997, 30, 7697-700. (c) Matyjaszewski, K.; Gaynor, S.; Wang, J.-S.; Macromolecules 1995, 28, 2093-5. (d) Xia, J.; Matyjaszewski, K. Polym. Prepr. 1997, 37 (2), 513. (e) Wei, M.; Matyjaszewski, K. Polym. Prepr. 1997, 38 (1), 683. (f) Percec, V.; Barboiu, B.; Kim, H.-J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 305-16. (g) Ando, T.; Nishikawa, T.; Kamigaito, M.; Sawamoto, M. Macromolecules 1997, 30, 4507. (h) Barclay, G. G.; Hawker, C. J.; Ito, H.; Orellana, A.; Malenfant, P. R. L.; Sinta, R. F. Macromolecules 1998, 31, 1024-31. (i) Kwon, T. S.; Kumazawa, S.; Yokoi, T.; Kondo, S.; Kunisada, H.; Yuki, Y. J. Macromol. Sci. - Pure Appl. Chem. 1997, A34 (9), 1553-67
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