Phase separation and structural differences between alkali silicate glasses prepared by the sol-gel and melt-quench methods

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

Volumn 81, Issue 9, 1998, Pages 2360-2370

  Roy, Biswanath ^a,c   Jain, Himanshu ^a   Saha, Shyamal K ^b   Chakravorty, Dipankar ^b  

^a LEHIGH UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE   (India)

^c AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GLASS TRANSITION; MELTING; PHASE SEPARATION; QUENCHING; SILICATE MINERALS; SINTERING; SOL-GELS; THERMAL EFFECTS; X RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY;

MELT-QUENCHING;

GLASS;

EID: 0032162805     PISSN: 00027820     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1998.tb02632.x     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. M. Ebelmen, "Sur les Combinaisons des Acides Borique et Silicique avec les Ethers," Ann. Chim. Phys., 16, 129 (1846).
2. M. Ebelmen, "Sur l'Hyalite Artificielle et l'Hydrophane," C. K. Acad. Sci., 25, 854 (1847).
3. T. Graham, "On the Properties of Silicic Acid and Other Analogous Colloidal Substances," J. Chem. Soc., 17, 318 (1864).
4. L. L. Hench and J. K. West, "The Sol-Gel Process," Chem. Rev., 90, 33 (1990).
5. M. C. Weinberg, "Are Gel-Derived Glasses Different from Ordinary Glasses"; p. 431 in Materials Research Society Symposia Proceedings, Vol. 73, Better Ceramics through Chemistry II. Edited by C. J. Brinker et al. Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, PA, 1986.
6. D. R. Uhlmann, M. C. Weinberg, and G. Teowee, "Crystallization of GelDerived Glasses," J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 100, 154 (1988).
7. A. R. Cooper, "Differences between Gel-Derived Melts and Those Produced by Batch Melting"; p. 421 in Materials Research Society Symposia Proceedings, Vol. 73, Better Ceramics through Chemistry II. Edited by C. J. Brinker et al. Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, PA, 1986.
8. 2 Xerogels and Glasses," J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 142, 225 (1992).
9. G. D. Chryssikos, A. P. Patsis, E. I. Kamirsos, J. A. Kapontsis, M. A. Karakassides, C. Trapalis, E. Mylonas, and G. Kordas, "A Structural Assessment of Glass Formation in Alkali Borates: Melt Quenching versus Gel Drying," J. Mater. Sci. Lett., 14, 268 (1995).
10. G. De. D. Kundu, B. Karmakar, and D. Ganguli, "FTIR Studies of Gel to Glass Conversion in TEOS-Fumed Silica-Derived Gels," J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 155, 253 (1993).
11. 2 Gels in the Early Stage of Conversion of Glasses," J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 126, 68 (1990).
12. G. H. Neilson, M. C. Weinberg, and G. L. Smith, "Effect of OH Content on Phase Separation Behavior of Soda-Silica Glasses," J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 82, 137 (1986).
13. 2 Gels," J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 99, 140 (1988).
14. R. Roy, "Gel Route to Homogeneous Glass Preparation," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 52, 344 (1969).
15. G. J. McCarthy and R. Roy, "Gel Route to Homogeneous Glass Preparation: II, Gelling and Desiccation," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 54, 639 (1971).
16. S. P. Mukherjee, J. Zarzycki, and J. P. Traverse, "A Comparative Study of Gels and Oxide Mixtures as Starting Materials for the Nucleation and Crystallization of Silicate Glasses," J. Mater. Sci., 11, 341 (1976).
17. M. C. Weinberg and G. F. Neilson, "Phase Separation Behavior of a Metalorganic Derived Sodium Silicate Glass," J. Mater. Sci., 13, 1206 (1978).
18. B. Roy, H. Jain, S. K. Saha, and D. Chakravorty, "Comparison of Structure of Alkali Silicate Glasses Prepared by Sol-Gel and Melt-Quench Methods," J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 183, 268 (1995).
19. R. Bruckner, H. H. Chun, and H. Goretzki, "Photoelectron Spectroscopy (ESCA) on Alkali Silicate and Soda Aluminosilicate Glasses," Glastechn. Ber., 51, 1 (1978).
20. Y. Kaneko, "Application of Photoelectron Spectroscopy to Glass," Yogyo Kyokaishi, 86, 330 (1978).
21. R. Gresch, W. Muller-Warmuth, and H. Dutz, "X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Sodium Phosphate Glasses," J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 34, 127 (1979).
22. R. Bruckner, H. U. Chun, H. Goretzki, and M. Sammet, "XPS Measurements and Structural Aspects of Silicate and Phosphate Glasses," J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 42, 49 (1980).
23. B. M. J. Smet and T. P. A. Lommen, "The Incorporation of Aluminum Oxide and Boron Oxide in Sodium Silicate Glasses, Studied by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy," Phys. Chem. Glasses, 22, 158 (1981).
24. B. M. J. Smet and T. P. A. Lommen, "The Structure of Germanosilicate Glasses, Studied by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy," J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 46, 21 (1981).
25. R. M. Almeida, J. Lau, and J. D. Mackenzie, "X-ray Photoemission Study of Fluorozirconate Glass and Related Crystals," J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 69, 161 (1984).
26. P. I. K. Onorato, M. N. Alexander, C. W. Struck, G. W. Tasker, and D. R. Uhlmann, "Bridging and Nonbridging Oxygen Atoms in Alkali Aluminosilicate Glasses," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 68, C-139 (1985).
27. R. M. Almeida, J. Lau, and J. D. Mackenzie, "XPS Studies of Fluorozirconates," Mater. Sci. Forum, 6, 465 (1985).
28. M. Sekita, A. Fujimori, A., Makishima, T. Shimohira, and H. Ohashi, "X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of a Cerium-Doped Lanthanum Aluminosilicate Glass," J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 76, 399 (1985).
29. J. S. Jen and M. R. Kalinowski, "An ESCA Study of the Bridging to Nonbridging Oxygens Ratio in Sodium Silicate Glass and the Correlations to Glass Density and Refractive Index," J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 38-39, 21 (1980).
30. D. S. Goldman, "Evaluation of the Ratios of Bridging to Nonbridging Oxygens in Simple Silicate Glasses by Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis," Phys. Chem. Glasses , 27 [3] 128 (1986).
31. C. H. Hsieh, H. Jain, A. C. Miller, and E. I. Kamitsos, "X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Al-Substituted and B-Substituted Sodium Trisilicate Glasses," J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 168, 247 (1994).
32. P. M. A. Sherwood; Appendix 3 in Practical Surface Analysis. Edited by D. Briggs and M. P. Seah. Wiley, Chichester, U.K., 1990.
33. C. J. Brinker and G. W. Scherer, Sol-Gel Science; p. 108. Academic Press New York, 1990.
34. W. Vogel, Chemistry of Glass; p. 93. English translation by N. Kreidl. American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, 1985.
35. O. V. Mazurin, M. V. Streitsina, and T. P. Shvaiko, Handbook of Glass Data; p. 468. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1983.
36. H. Jain, E. I. Kamitsos, Y. Yiannopoulos, G. D. Chryssikos, W. C. Huang, R. Küchler, and O. Kanert, "A Comprehensive View of the Local Structure around Rb in Rubidium Germanate Glasses," J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 203, 320 (1996).
37. A. Chen and P. F. James, "Amorphous Phase Separation and Crystallization in Lithium Silicate Glass Prepared by the Sol-Gel Method," J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 100, 353 (1988).
38. M. S. Maklad and N. J. Kreidl, "Effects of Hydroxyl Groups on Sodium Silicate Glasses," Int. Congr. Glass, Sci. Tech. Commun., 9th, 1, 75 (1971).
39. S. Matsumoto, Y. Miura, T. Nanba, and A. Osaka, "Electronic Structure of Silicate Glasses by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy," Proc. Int. Congr, Glass, 3, 72 (1995).
40. N. J. Kreidl and M. S. Maklad, "Effects of Water Content on Phase Separation in Soda-Silica Glasses," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 52, 508 (1969).
41. K. T. Faber and G. E. Rindone, "Small Angle X-ray Scattering and Transmission Electron Microscopy Studies of Phase Separated Soda-Lime-Silica Glasses Containing Water," Phys. Chem. Glasses, 21, 171 (1980).