Cascade-exciton model analysis of proton induced reactions from 10 MeV to 5 GeV

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

Volumn 414, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 68-72

  Mashnik, S G ^a,d   Sierk, A J ^a   Bersillon, O ^b   Gabriel, T ^c  

^a LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^b CEA DIF   (France)

^c OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^d JOINT INSTITUTE FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH   (Russian Federation)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBON; EXCITONS; GOLD; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; PROTONS; RADIOISOTOPES; TARGETS;

CASCADE-EXCITON MODEL (CEM); PROTON INDUCED REACTIONS;

NUCLEAR PHYSICS;

EID: 0032162350     PISSN: 01689002     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0168-9002(98)00529-4     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. H. Condé (Ed.), Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. on Accelerator-Driven Transmutation Technologies and Applications, Kalmar, Sweden, June 3-7, 1996, Uppsala University Press, 1997; M.Kh. Khankhasaev, Zh.B. Kurmanov, H.S. Plendl (Eds.), Proc. Int. Workshop on Nucl. Methods for Transmutation of Nuclear Wastes: Problems, Perspectives, Cooperative Research, Dubna, Russia May 29-31, 1996, World Scientific, Singapore, 1997; Overview of physics aspect of different transmutation concepts, NEA/NSC/DOC (94) 11, OECD Nuclear Energy Agency, 1994; J.P. Schapira, Transmutation of nuclear wastes, A working report to Nupecc, I.P.N. Report IPNO DRE 94-04, Orsay, 1994 and references therein.
2. H. Condé (Ed.), Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. on Accelerator- Driven Transmutation Technologies and Applications, Kalmar, Sweden, June 3-7, 1996, Uppsala University Press, 1997; M.Kh. Khankhasaev, Zh.B. Kurmanov, H.S. Plendl (Eds.), Proc. Int. Workshop on Nucl. Methods for Transmutation of Nuclear Wastes: Problems, Perspectives, Cooperative Research, Dubna, Russia May 29-31, 1996, World Scientific, Singapore, 1997; Overview of physics aspect of different transmutation concepts, NEA/NSC/DOC (94) 11, OECD Nuclear Energy Agency, 1994; J.P. Schapira, Transmutation of nuclear wastes, A working report to Nupecc, I.P.N. Report IPNO DRE 94-04, Orsay, 1994 and references therein.
3. H. Condé (Ed.), Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. on Accelerator- Driven Transmutation Technologies and Applications, Kalmar, Sweden, June 3-7, 1996, Uppsala University Press, 1997; M.Kh. Khankhasaev, Zh.B. Kurmanov, H.S. Plendl (Eds.), Proc. Int. Workshop on Nucl. Methods for Transmutation of Nuclear Wastes: Problems, Perspectives, Cooperative Research, Dubna, Russia May 29-31, 1996, World Scientific, Singapore, 1997; Overview of physics aspect of different transmutation concepts, NEA/NSC/DOC (94) 11, OECD Nuclear Energy Agency, 1994; J.P. Schapira, Transmutation of nuclear wastes, A working report to Nupecc, I.P.N. Report IPNO DRE 94-04, Orsay, 1994 and references therein.
4. H. Condé (Ed.), Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. on Accelerator- Driven Transmutation Technologies and Applications, Kalmar, Sweden, June 3-7, 1996, Uppsala University Press, 1997; M.Kh. Khankhasaev, Zh.B. Kurmanov, H.S. Plendl (Eds.), Proc. Int. Workshop on Nucl. Methods for Transmutation of Nuclear Wastes: Problems, Perspectives, Cooperative Research, Dubna, Russia May 29-31, 1996, World Scientific, Singapore, 1997; Overview of physics aspect of different transmutation concepts, NEA/NSC/DOC (94) 11, OECD Nuclear Energy Agency, 1994; J.P. Schapira, Transmutation of nuclear wastes, A working report to Nupecc, I.P.N. Report IPNO DRE 94-04, Orsay, 1994 and references therein.
5. C.D. Bowman, in: M.Kh. Khankhasaev, Zh.B. Kurmanov, H.S. Plendl (Eds.), Proc. Int. Workshop on Nucl. Methods for Transmutation of Nuclear Wastes: Problems, Perspectives, Cooperative Research, Dubna, Russia, May 29-31, 1996, World Scientific, Singapore, 1997, p. 257 and references therein.
6. C. Rubbia, in: J.K. Dickens (Ed.), Proc. Int. Conf. Nuclear Data for Science and Technology, May 9-13, 1994, Gatlinburg, TN, USA, American Nuclear Society, Inc., La Grange Park, IL, 1994, p. 1065; C. Rubbia, J.A. Rubio, S. Buono, F. Carminati, N. Fiétier, J. Galvez, C. Gelès, Y. Kadi, R. Klapisch, P. Mandrillon, J.P. Revol, C. Roche, CERN Report CERN/AT/95-44(ET), 1995; K.D. Tolstov, JINR Rapid Communications, 5 (62) (1993) 5 and JINR Report 18-92-303, Dubna, 1992; I.V. Chuvilo, G.V. Kiselev, B.R. Bergelson, B.P. Kochurov, in: Proc. Int. Conf. Technol. Exposition on Future Nucl. Systems: Emerging fuel cycle and waste disposal options, GLOBAL'93, Seattle, Washington, September 12-17, 1993, 1995, p. 924; V.P. Dmitrievskiǐ, Fiz. Elem. Chastits At. Yadra 28 (1997) 815 [Phys. Part. Nucl. 28 (1997) 322].
7. C. Rubbia, in: J.K. Dickens (Ed.), Proc. Int. Conf. Nuclear Data for Science and Technology, May 9-13, 1994, Gatlinburg, TN, USA, American Nuclear Society, Inc., La Grange Park, IL, 1994, p. 1065; C. Rubbia, J.A. Rubio, S. Buono, F. Carminati, N. Fiétier, J. Galvez, C. Gelès, Y. Kadi, R. Klapisch, P. Mandrillon, J.P. Revol, C. Roche, CERN Report CERN/AT/95-44(ET), 1995; K.D. Tolstov, JINR Rapid Communications, 5 (62) (1993) 5 and JINR Report 18-92-303, Dubna, 1992; I.V. Chuvilo, G.V. Kiselev, B.R. Bergelson, B.P. Kochurov, in: Proc. Int. Conf. Technol. Exposition on Future Nucl. Systems: Emerging fuel cycle and waste disposal options, GLOBAL'93, Seattle, Washington, September 12-17, 1993, 1995, p. 924; V.P. Dmitrievskiǐ, Fiz. Elem. Chastits At. Yadra 28 (1997) 815 [Phys. Part. Nucl. 28 (1997) 322].
8. C. Rubbia, in: J.K. Dickens (Ed.), Proc. Int. Conf. Nuclear Data for Science and Technology, May 9-13, 1994, Gatlinburg, TN, USA, American Nuclear Society, Inc., La Grange Park, IL, 1994, p. 1065; C. Rubbia, J.A. Rubio, S. Buono, F. Carminati, N. Fiétier, J. Galvez, C. Gelès, Y. Kadi, R. Klapisch, P. Mandrillon, J.P. Revol, C. Roche, CERN Report CERN/AT/95-44(ET), 1995; K.D. Tolstov, JINR Rapid Communications, 5 (62) (1993) 5 and JINR Report 18-92-303, Dubna, 1992; I.V. Chuvilo, G.V. Kiselev, B.R. Bergelson, B.P. Kochurov, in: Proc. Int. Conf. Technol. Exposition on Future Nucl. Systems: Emerging fuel cycle and waste disposal options, GLOBAL'93, Seattle, Washington, September 12-17, 1993, 1995, p. 924; V.P. Dmitrievskiǐ, Fiz. Elem. Chastits At. Yadra 28 (1997) 815 [Phys. Part. Nucl. 28 (1997) 322].
9. C. Rubbia, in: J.K. Dickens (Ed.), Proc. Int. Conf. Nuclear Data for Science and Technology, May 9-13, 1994, Gatlinburg, TN, USA, American Nuclear Society, Inc., La Grange Park, IL, 1994, p. 1065; C. Rubbia, J.A. Rubio, S. Buono, F. Carminati, N. Fiétier, J. Galvez, C. Gelès, Y. Kadi, R. Klapisch, P. Mandrillon, J.P. Revol, C. Roche, CERN Report CERN/AT/95-44(ET), 1995; K.D. Tolstov, JINR Rapid Communications, 5 (62) (1993) 5 and JINR Report 18-92-303, Dubna, 1992; I.V. Chuvilo, G.V. Kiselev, B.R. Bergelson, B.P. Kochurov, in: Proc. Int. Conf. Technol. Exposition on Future Nucl. Systems: Emerging fuel cycle and waste disposal options, GLOBAL'93, Seattle, Washington, September 12-17, 1993, 1995, p. 924; V.P. Dmitrievskiǐ, Fiz. Elem. Chastits At. Yadra 28 (1997) 815 [Phys. Part. Nucl. 28 (1997) 322].
10. C. Rubbia, in: J.K. Dickens (Ed.), Proc. Int. Conf. Nuclear Data for Science and Technology, May 9-13, 1994, Gatlinburg, TN, USA, American Nuclear Society, Inc., La Grange Park, IL, 1994, p. 1065; C. Rubbia, J.A. Rubio, S. Buono, F. Carminati, N. Fiétier, J. Galvez, C. Gelès, Y. Kadi, R. Klapisch, P. Mandrillon, J.P. Revol, C. Roche, CERN Report CERN/AT/95-44(ET), 1995; K.D. Tolstov, JINR Rapid Communications, 5 (62) (1993) 5 and JINR Report 18-92-303, Dubna, 1992; I.V. Chuvilo, G.V. Kiselev, B.R. Bergelson, B.P. Kochurov, in: Proc. Int. Conf. Technol. Exposition on Future Nucl. Systems: Emerging fuel cycle and waste disposal options, GLOBAL'93, Seattle, Washington, September 12-17, 1993, 1995, p. 924; V.P. Dmitrievskiǐ, Fiz. Elem. Chastits At. Yadra 28 (1997) 815 [Phys. Part. Nucl. 28 (1997) 322].
11. C. Rubbia, in: J.K. Dickens (Ed.), Proc. Int. Conf. Nuclear Data for Science and Technology, May 9-13, 1994, Gatlinburg, TN, USA, American Nuclear Society, Inc., La Grange Park, IL, 1994, p. 1065; C. Rubbia, J.A. Rubio, S. Buono, F. Carminati, N. Fiétier, J. Galvez, C. Gelès, Y. Kadi, R. Klapisch, P. Mandrillon, J.P. Revol, C. Roche, CERN Report CERN/AT/95-44(ET), 1995; K.D. Tolstov, JINR Rapid Communications, 5 (62) (1993) 5 and JINR Report 18-92-303, Dubna, 1992; I.V. Chuvilo, G.V. Kiselev, B.R. Bergelson, B.P. Kochurov, in: Proc. Int. Conf. Technol. Exposition on Future Nucl. Systems: Emerging fuel cycle and waste disposal options, GLOBAL'93, Seattle, Washington, September 12-17, 1993, 1995, p. 924; V.P. Dmitrievskiǐ, Fiz. Elem. Chastits At. Yadra 28 (1997) 815 [Phys. Part. Nucl. 28 (1997) 322].
12. C. Rubbia, in: J.K. Dickens (Ed.), Proc. Int. Conf. Nuclear Data for Science and Technology, May 9-13, 1994, Gatlinburg, TN, USA, American Nuclear Society, Inc., La Grange Park, IL, 1994, p. 1065; C. Rubbia, J.A. Rubio, S. Buono, F. Carminati, N. Fiétier, J. Galvez, C. Gelès, Y. Kadi, R. Klapisch, P. Mandrillon, J.P. Revol, C. Roche, CERN Report CERN/AT/95-44(ET), 1995; K.D. Tolstov, JINR Rapid Communications, 5 (62) (1993) 5 and JINR Report 18-92-303, Dubna, 1992; I.V. Chuvilo, G.V. Kiselev, B.R. Bergelson, B.P. Kochurov, in: Proc. Int. Conf. Technol. Exposition on Future Nucl. Systems: Emerging fuel cycle and waste disposal options, GLOBAL'93, Seattle, Washington, September 12-17, 1993, 1995, p. 924; V.P. Dmitrievskiǐ, Fiz. Elem. Chastits At. Yadra 28 (1997) 815 [Phys. Part. Nucl. 28 (1997) 322].
13. V.S. Barashenkov, A.N. Sosnin, S.Yu. Shmakov, N.G. Goleminov, A. Polanski, Fiz. Element. Chastits At. Yadra 24 1993, 246 [Phys. Part. Nucl. 24 1993, 107]; C.J. Gelderloos, R.J. Peterson, M.E. Nelson, J.F. Ziegler, University of Colorado, Report NPL-1139, Boulder, CO, USA, 1997.
14. V.S. Barashenkov, A.N. Sosnin, S.Yu. Shmakov, N.G. Goleminov, A. Polanski, Fiz. Element. Chastits At. Yadra 24 1993, 246 [Phys. Part. Nucl. 24 1993, 107]; C.J. Gelderloos, R.J. Peterson, M.E. Nelson, J.F. Ziegler, University of Colorado, Report NPL-1139, Boulder, CO, USA, 1997.
15. V.S. Barashenkov, A.N. Sosnin, S.Yu. Shmakov, N.G. Goleminov, A. Polanski, Fiz. Element. Chastits At. Yadra 24 1993, 246 [Phys. Part. Nucl. 24 1993, 107]; C.J. Gelderloos, R.J. Peterson, M.E. Nelson, J.F. Ziegler, University of Colorado, Report NPL-1139, Boulder, CO, USA, 1997.
16. K. Kitao, in: M. Baba, T. Nakagawa (Eds.), Proc. of the 1991 Symp. on Nuclear Data, November 28-29, 1991, JAERI, Tokai, Japan, JAERI-M, 92-027, INDC(JPN)-157/L, JAERI, 1992, p. 249.
17. R.M. White, M.B. Chadwick, W.P. Chandler, C.L. Hartmann Siantar, C.K. Westbrook, in: J.K. Dickens (Ed.), Proc. Int. Conf. Nucl. Data for Science and Technology, May 9-13, 1994, Gatlinburg, TN, USA, American Nuclear Society, Inc., La Grange Park, IL, 1994, p. 1023.
18. A. Hashizume, in: S. Igrasi (Ed.), Proc. Int. Conf. on Nucl. Data for Science and Technology, May 30-June 3, 1988, Mito, Japan, JAERI, 1988, p. 1067; S.N. Dmitriev, N.G. Zaitseva, Fiz. Elem. Chastis At. Yadra 27 (1996) 977 [Phys. Part. Nucl. 27 (1996) 403]; G.F. Stein, B.R.S. Simpson, S.J. Mills, F.M. Nortier, Appl. Radiat. Isot. 43 (1992) 1323.
19. A. Hashizume, in: S. Igrasi (Ed.), Proc. Int. Conf. on Nucl. Data for Science and Technology, May 30-June 3, 1988, Mito, Japan, JAERI, 1988, p. 1067; S.N. Dmitriev, N.G. Zaitseva, Fiz. Elem. Chastis At. Yadra 27 (1996) 977 [Phys. Part. Nucl. 27 (1996) 403]; G.F. Stein, B.R.S. Simpson, S.J. Mills, F.M. Nortier, Appl. Radiat. Isot. 43 (1992) 1323.
20. A. Hashizume, in: S. Igrasi (Ed.), Proc. Int. Conf. on Nucl. Data for Science and Technology, May 30-June 3, 1988, Mito, Japan, JAERI, 1988, p. 1067; S.N. Dmitriev, N.G. Zaitseva, Fiz. Elem. Chastis At. Yadra 27 (1996) 977 [Phys. Part. Nucl. 27 (1996) 403]; G.F. Stein, B.R.S. Simpson, S.J. Mills, F.M. Nortier, Appl. Radiat. Isot. 43 (1992) 1323.
21. A. Hashizume, in: S. Igrasi (Ed.), Proc. Int. Conf. on Nucl. Data for Science and Technology, May 30-June 3, 1988, Mito, Japan, JAERI, 1988, p. 1067; S.N. Dmitriev, N.G. Zaitseva, Fiz. Elem. Chastis At. Yadra 27 (1996) 977 [Phys. Part. Nucl. 27 (1996) 403]; G.F. Stein, B.R.S. Simpson, S.J. Mills, F.M. Nortier, Appl. Radiat. Isot. 43 (1992) 1323.
22. E.A. Edmonds, in: J.S. Charlton (Ed.), Radioisotope Techniques for Problem-Solving in Industrial Process Plants, Leonard Hill, Glasgow, 1986, p. 247.
23. R. Michel, I. Leya, L. Borges, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 113 (1996) 434 and references therein.
24. K.K. Gudima, S.G. Mashnik, V.D. Toneev, Nucl. Phys. A 401 (1983) 329.
25. M. Blann, private communication, 1987; cited in: B. Dittrich, U. Herpers, H.J. Hofmann, W. Wölfli, R. Bodermann, M. Lüpke, R. Michel, P. Dragovitsch, D. Filges, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 52 (1990) 588.
26. M. Blann, private communication, 1987; cited in: B. Dittrich, U. Herpers, H.J. Hofmann, W. Wölfli, R. Bodermann, M. Lüpke, R. Michel, P. Dragovitsch, D. Filges, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 52 (1990) 588.
27. P. Cloth, D. Filges, R.D. Neef, G. Sterzenbach, C. Reul, T.W. Armstrong, B.L. Colburn, B. Anders, H. Brückmann, KFA Report KFA-IRE-EAN/12/88, Jül-2203, 1988.
28. M. Blann, private communication, 1991.
29. R.E. Prael, H. Lichtenstein, Los Alamos National Laboratory Report LA-UR-89-3014, 1989; R.E. Prael, M. Bozoian, Los Alamos National Laboratory Report LA- UR-88-3238, 1988; many documents concerning LAHET are available on the World Wide Web at: http://www- xdiv.lanl.gov/XTM/.
30. R.E. Prael, H. Lichtenstein, Los Alamos National Laboratory Report LA-UR-89-3014, 1989; R.E. Prael, M. Bozoian, Los Alamos National Laboratory Report LA-UR-88-3238, 1988; many documents concerning LAHET are available on the World Wide Web at: http://www-xdiv.lanl.gov/XTM/.
31. T. Fukahori, JAERI-M 92-039, 1992, 114.
32. T. Nishida, Y. Nakahara, T. Tsutsui, JAERI-M-86-116, 1986.
33. N. Kishida, H. Kadotani, Proc. Int. Conf. on Nucl. Data for Science and Technology, in: S. Igrasi (Ed.), Mito, Japan, JAERI, 1988, p. 1209.
34. M. Blann, T.A. Komoto, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Report UCID-19390, 1982.
35. A.Yu. Konobeev, Yu.A. Korovin, V.N. Sosnin, J. Nucl. Mater. 186 (1992) 117; Kerntechnik 57 (1992) 188.
36. A.Yu. Konobeev, Yu.A. Korovin, V.N. Sosnin, J. Nucl. Mater. 186 (1992) 117; Kerntechnik 57 (1992) 188.
37. V.S. Barashenkov, Le Van Ngok, L.G. Levchuk, Zh.Zh. Musulmanbekov, A.N. Sosnin, V.D. Toneev, S.Yu. Shmakov, JINR Preprint P2-85-173, Dubna, 1985.
38. T.W. Armstrong, K.C. Chandler, Nucl. Sci. Eng. 49 (1972) 110.
39. G.A. Lobov, N.V. Stepanov, A.A. Sibirtsev, Yu.V. Trebukhovski, ITEP preprint ITEP-91, Moscow, 1983; A.A. Sibirtsev, N.V. Stepanov, Yu.V. Trebukhovski, ITEP preprint ITEP-129, Moscow, 1985; N.V. Stepanov, ITEP preprint ITEP-81, Moscow, 1987; N.V. Stepanov, ITEP preprint ITEP-55, Moscow, 1988.
40. G.A. Lobov, N.V. Stepanov, A.A. Sibirtsev, Yu.V. Trebukhovski, ITEP preprint ITEP-91, Moscow, 1983; A.A. Sibirtsev, N.V. Stepanov, Yu.V. Trebukhovski, ITEP preprint ITEP-129, Moscow, 1985; N.V. Stepanov, ITEP preprint ITEP-81, Moscow, 1987; N.V. Stepanov, ITEP preprint ITEP-55, Moscow, 1988.
41. G.A. Lobov, N.V. Stepanov, A.A. Sibirtsev, Yu.V. Trebukhovski, ITEP preprint ITEP-91, Moscow, 1983; A.A. Sibirtsev, N.V. Stepanov, Yu.V. Trebukhovski, ITEP preprint ITEP-129, Moscow, 1985; N.V. Stepanov, ITEP preprint ITEP-81, Moscow, 1987; N.V. Stepanov, ITEP preprint ITEP-55, Moscow, 1988.
42. G.A. Lobov, N.V. Stepanov, A.A. Sibirtsev, Yu.V. Trebukhovski, ITEP preprint ITEP-91, Moscow, 1983; A.A. Sibirtsev, N.V. Stepanov, Yu.V. Trebukhovski, ITEP preprint ITEP-129, Moscow, 1985; N.V. Stepanov, ITEP preprint ITEP-81, Moscow, 1987; N.V. Stepanov, ITEP preprint ITEP-55, Moscow, 1988.
43. M. Blann, University of Rochester Report CCO/3494-29, 1975.
44. M. Blann, R. Michel, F. Peiffer, R. Stück, Nucl. Phys. A 441 (1985) 617.
45. M. Blann, V.P. Lunev, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory reports UCID-19614, UCID-20169; Int. code comparison for intermediate energy nuclear data, in: M. Blann, H. Gruppelar, P. Nagel, J. Rodens (Eds.), NEA OECD, Paris, 1994, p. 161.
46. M. Blann, V.P. Lunev, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory reports UCID-19614, UCID-20169; Int. code comparison for intermediate energy nuclear data, in: M. Blann, H. Gruppelar, P. Nagel, J. Rodens (Eds.), NEA OECD, Paris, 1994, p. 161.
47. E. Betak, Report INDC(CSR)-016/LJ, IAEA, Vienna, 1989; Report FU SAV 89/5, Inst. Phys. Bratislava, 1989.
48. E. Betak, Report INDC(CSR)-016/LJ, IAEA, Vienna, 1989; Report FU SAV 89/5, Inst. Phys. Bratislava, 1989.
49. M. Blann, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory report UCRL-JC-109050, 1991.
50. S.G. Mashnik, in: Proc. Specialists' Mtg. on Intermediate Energy Nuclear Data: Models and Codes, Issy-les-Moulineaux, France, May 30-June 1, 1994, OECD, Paris, 1994, p. 107.
51. E. Gadioli, E. Gadioli Erba, J.J. Hogan, Phys. Rev. C 16 (1977) 1404.
52. G. Rudstam, Z. Naturforsch. A 21 (1966) 1027.
53. B.K. Gupta, S. Das, M.M. Biswas, Nucl. Phys. A 155 (1970) 49.
54. M. Foshina, J.B. Martins, O.A.P. Tavares, Radiochim. Acta 35 (1984) 121.
55. A.Yu. Konobeyev, Yu.A. Korovin, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 82 (1993) 103.
56. R. Michel, P. Nagel, Int. code and model intercomparison for intermediate energy activation yields, NSC/ DOC(97)-1, NEA/P&T No. 14, OECD, Paris, 1997; http://www.nea.fr/html/science/pt/ieay.
57. Yu.E. Titarenko, O.V. Shvedov, M.M. Igumnov, S.G. Mashnik, E.I. Karpikhin, V.D. Kazaritsky, V.F. Batyaev, A.B. Koldobsky, V.M. Zhivun, A.N. Sosnin, R.E. Prael, M.B. Chadwick, T.A. Gabriel, M. Blann, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 414 (1998) 73-99.
58. P.G. Young, E.D. Arthur, M.B. Chadwick, Los Alamos National Laboratory report LA-12343-MS, 1992; M.B. Chadwick, P.G. Young, Phys. Rev. C 47 (1993) 2255.
59. P.G. Young, E.D. Arthur, M.B. Chadwick, Los Alamos National Laboratory report LA-12343-MS, 1992; M.B. Chadwick, P.G. Young, Phys. Rev. C 47 (1993) 2255.
60. M. Blann, Phys. Rev. C 54 (1996) 1341.
61. S.G. Mashnik, A.J. Sierk, O. Bersillon, T. Gabriel, Los Alamos National Laboratory Report LA-UR-97-2905, 1997; http://t2.lanl.gov/publications/publications.html.