메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 66, Issue 4, 1998, Pages 555-582

Shame, Guilt, Ego Development, and the Five-Factor Model of Personality

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; EGO; EGO DEVELOPMENT; FEMALE; GUILT; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PERSONALITY TEST; SHAME;

EID: 0032135210     PISSN: 00223506     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/1467-6494.00024     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (65)

References (60)
  • 2
    • 0001841792 scopus 로고
    • "Normal" personality inventories in clinical assessment: General requirements and the potential for using the NEO Personality Inventory
    • Special Section: Assessing personality characteristics in clinical settings
    • Ben-Porath, Y. S., & Waller, N. G. (1992). "Normal" personality inventories in clinical assessment: General requirements and the potential for using the NEO Personality Inventory. Special Section: Assessing personality characteristics in clinical settings. Psychological Assessment, 4, 14-19.
    • (1992) Psychological Assessment , vol.4 , pp. 14-19
    • Ben-Porath, Y.S.1    Waller, N.G.2
  • 6
    • 0026127437 scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in the course of personality development: A meta-analysis
    • Cohn, L. D. (1991). Sex differences in the course of personality development: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 109, 252-266.
    • (1991) Psychological Bulletin , vol.109 , pp. 252-266
    • Cohn, L.D.1
  • 8
    • 21344486429 scopus 로고
    • Ego development and trait models of personality
    • Costa, P. T., Jr., & McCrae, R. R. (1993). Ego development and trait models of personality. Psychological Inquiry, 4, 20-23.
    • (1993) Psychological Inquiry , vol.4 , pp. 20-23
    • Costa P.T., Jr.1    McCrae, R.R.2
  • 9
    • 0001234204 scopus 로고
    • Sex, sex guilt, and contraceptive use revisited: The 1980s
    • Gerrard, M. (1987). Sex, sex guilt, and contraceptive use revisited: The 1980s. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 975-980.
    • (1987) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.52 , pp. 975-980
    • Gerrard, M.1
  • 10
    • 0021921305 scopus 로고
    • The prediction of semantic consistency in self-descriptions: Characteristics of persons and terms that affect the consistency of responses to synonym and antonym pairs
    • Goldberg, L. R., & Kilkowski, J. M. (1985). The prediction of semantic consistency in self-descriptions: Characteristics of persons and terms that affect the consistency of responses to synonym and antonym pairs. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 82-98.
    • (1985) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.48 , pp. 82-98
    • Goldberg, L.R.1    Kilkowski, J.M.2
  • 12
    • 0002718660 scopus 로고
    • A critique of Eysenck's theory of individual differences
    • H. J. Eysenck (Ed.), New York: Springer-Verlag
    • Gray, J. A. (1981). A critique of Eysenck's theory of individual differences. In H. J. Eysenck (Ed.), A Model for Personality (pp. 246-277). New York: Springer-Verlag.
    • (1981) A Model for Personality , pp. 246-277
    • Gray, J.A.1
  • 13
    • 0027027136 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of shame and guilt and their relationships to psychopathology
    • Harder, D. W., Cutler, L., & Rockart, L. (1992). Assessment of shame and guilt and their relationships to psychopathology. Journal of Personality Assessment, 59, 584-604.
    • (1992) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.59 , pp. 584-604
    • Harder, D.W.1    Cutler, L.2    Rockart, L.3
  • 14
    • 0027223674 scopus 로고
    • Additional validity evidence for the Harder Personal Feelings Questionnaire-2 (PFQ2): A measure of shame and guilt proneness
    • Harder, D. W., Rockart, L., & Cutler, L. (1993). Additional validity evidence for the Harder Personal Feelings Questionnaire-2 (PFQ2): A measure of shame and guilt proneness. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 49, 345-348.
    • (1993) Journal of Clinical Psychology , vol.49 , pp. 345-348
    • Harder, D.W.1    Rockart, L.2    Cutler, L.3
  • 15
    • 0025259002 scopus 로고
    • Two promising shame and guilt scales: A construct validity comparison
    • Harder, D. W., & Zalma, A. (1990). Two promising shame and guilt scales: A construct validity comparison. Journal of Personality Assessment, 55, 729-745.
    • (1990) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.55 , pp. 729-745
    • Harder, D.W.1    Zalma, A.2
  • 16
    • 0001154815 scopus 로고
    • Loevinger's model and measure of ego development: A critical review
    • Hauser, S. T. (1976). Loevinger's model and measure of ego development: A critical review. Psychological Bulletin, 83, 928-955.
    • (1976) Psychological Bulletin , vol.83 , pp. 928-955
    • Hauser, S.T.1
  • 17
    • 0003107604 scopus 로고
    • Development of prosocial motivation: Empathy and guilt
    • N. Eisenberg-Berg (Ed.), San Diego, CA: Academic Press
    • Hoffman, M. L. (1982). Development of prosocial motivation: Empathy and guilt. In N. Eisenberg-Berg (Ed.), Development of prosocial behavior (pp. 281-312). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
    • (1982) Development of Prosocial Behavior , pp. 281-312
    • Hoffman, M.L.1
  • 19
    • 85047685771 scopus 로고
    • Loevinger's measure of ego development: Reliability and national norms for male and female short forms
    • Holt, R. R. (1980). Loevinger's measure of ego development: Reliability and national norms for male and female short forms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 909-920.
    • (1980) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.39 , pp. 909-920
    • Holt, R.R.1
  • 20
    • 0017617341 scopus 로고
    • Ego development and conformity: A construct validity study of the Washington University Sentence Completion Test
    • Hoppe, C. F., & Loevinger, J. (1977). Ego development and conformity: A construct validity study of the Washington University Sentence Completion Test. Journal of Personality Assessment, 41, 497-504.
    • (1977) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.41 , pp. 497-504
    • Hoppe, C.F.1    Loevinger, J.2
  • 22
    • 21344497362 scopus 로고
    • Personality development and nonlinear measurement models
    • Jackson, D. N. (1993). Personality development and nonlinear measurement models. Psychological Inquiry, 4, 30-33.
    • (1993) Psychological Inquiry , vol.4 , pp. 30-33
    • Jackson, D.N.1
  • 23
    • 0000776117 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the multitrait-multimethod matrix by confirmatory factor analysis
    • Kenny, D. A., & Kashy, D. A. (1992). Analysis of the multitrait-multimethod matrix by confirmatory factor analysis. Psychological Review, 112, 165-172.
    • (1992) Psychological Review , vol.112 , pp. 165-172
    • Kenny, D.A.1    Kashy, D.A.2
  • 26
    • 21344492227 scopus 로고
    • Dimensionality of observer ratings on the California Adult Q-Set
    • Lanning, K. (1994). Dimensionality of observer ratings on the California Adult Q-Set. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 151-160.
    • (1994) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.67 , pp. 151-160
    • Lanning, K.1
  • 28
    • 0026149359 scopus 로고
    • Shared variance in the California Psychological Inventory and the California Q-Set
    • Lanning, K., & Gough, H. G. (1991). Shared variance in the California Psychological Inventory and the California Q-Set. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 596-606.
    • (1991) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.60 , pp. 596-606
    • Lanning, K.1    Gough, H.G.2
  • 30
    • 84934954446 scopus 로고
    • Contrasting experiences of shame and guilt
    • Lindsay-Hartz, J. (1984). Contrasting experiences of shame and guilt. American Behavioral Scientist, 27, 689-704.
    • (1984) American Behavioral Scientist , vol.27 , pp. 689-704
    • Lindsay-Hartz, J.1
  • 31
    • 0001052453 scopus 로고
    • The meaning and measurement of ego development
    • Loevinger, J. (1966). The meaning and measurement of ego development. American Psychologist, 21, 195-206.
    • (1966) American Psychologist , vol.21 , pp. 195-206
    • Loevinger, J.1
  • 32
    • 0022020964 scopus 로고
    • Revision of the Sentence Completion Test for ego development
    • Loevinger, J. (1985). Revision of the Sentence Completion Test for ego development. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 420-427.
    • (1985) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.48 , pp. 420-427
    • Loevinger, J.1
  • 33
    • 0037842501 scopus 로고
    • Conformity and conscientiousness: One factor or two stages?
    • D. C. Funder, R. D. Parke, C. Tomlinson-Keasey, & K. Widaman (Eds.), Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
    • Loevinger, J. (1993a). Conformity and conscientiousness: One factor or two stages? In D. C. Funder, R. D. Parke, C. Tomlinson-Keasey, & K. Widaman (Eds.), Studying lives through time: Personality and development (pp. 189-206). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
    • (1993) Studying Lives Through Time: Personality and Development , pp. 189-206
    • Loevinger, J.1
  • 34
    • 21344476535 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of personality: True or false?
    • Loevinger, J. (1993b). Measurement of personality: True or false? Psychological Inquiry, 4, 1-16.
    • (1993) Psychological Inquiry , vol.4 , pp. 1-16
    • Loevinger, J.1
  • 38
    • 84965695842 scopus 로고
    • Confirmatory factor analysis of multitrait-multimethod data: Many problems and a few solutions
    • Marsh, H. W. (1989). Confirmatory factor analysis of multitrait-multimethod data: Many problems and a few solutions. Applied Psychological Measurement, 13, 335-361.
    • (1989) Applied Psychological Measurement , vol.13 , pp. 335-361
    • Marsh, H.W.1
  • 39
    • 0000816413 scopus 로고
    • Openness to experience and ego level in Loevinger's Sentence Completion Test: Dispositional contributions to developmental models of personality
    • McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1980). Openness to experience and ego level in Loevinger's Sentence Completion Test: Dispositional contributions to developmental models of personality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 1179-1190.
    • (1980) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.39 , pp. 1179-1190
    • McCrae, R.R.1    Costa, P.T.2
  • 40
    • 84983652577 scopus 로고
    • Evaluating comprehensiveness in personality systems: The California Q-Set and the Five-Factor Model
    • McCrae, R. R., Costa, P. T., & Busch, C. M. (1986). Evaluating comprehensiveness in personality systems: The California Q-Set and the Five-Factor Model. Journal of Personality, 54, 430-446.
    • (1986) Journal of Personality , vol.54 , pp. 430-446
    • McCrae, R.R.1    Costa, P.T.2    Busch, C.M.3
  • 41
    • 0347672682 scopus 로고
    • Administrative contributions to democratic character formation at the adolescent level
    • C. Kluckhohn, H. A. Murray, & D. M. Schneider (Eds.), New York: Knopf.
    • Mead, M. (1961). Administrative contributions to democratic character formation at the adolescent level. In C. Kluckhohn, H. A. Murray, & D. M. Schneider (Eds.), Personality in nature, society, and culture (pp. 663-670) New York: Knopf.
    • (1961) Personality in Nature, Society, and Culture , pp. 663-670
    • Mead, M.1
  • 42
    • 0002867963 scopus 로고
    • The development and multitrait-multimethod matrix analysis of three measures of three aspects of guilt
    • Mosher, D. L. (1966). The development and multitrait-multimethod matrix analysis of three measures of three aspects of guilt. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 30, 25-29.
    • (1966) Journal of Consulting Psychology , vol.30 , pp. 25-29
    • Mosher, D.L.1
  • 43
    • 0028520170 scopus 로고
    • If only I weren't" versus "If only I hadn't": Distinguishing shame and guilt in counterfactual thinking
    • Niedenthal, P. M., Tangney, J. P., & Gavanski, I. (1994). "If only I weren't" versus "If only I hadn't": Distinguishing shame and guilt in counterfactual thinking. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 585-595.
    • (1994) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.67 , pp. 585-595
    • Niedenthal, P.M.1    Tangney, J.P.2    Gavanski, I.3
  • 45
    • 0347672680 scopus 로고
    • Loevinger's Sentence Completion Test of ego development: A useful tool for cross-cultural researchers
    • Ravinder, S. (1986). Loevinger's Sentence Completion Test of ego development: A useful tool for cross-cultural researchers. International Journal of Psychology, 21, 679-684.
    • (1986) International Journal of Psychology , vol.21 , pp. 679-684
    • Ravinder, S.1
  • 46
    • 0004048289 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press
    • Rawls, J. (1971). A theory of justice. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
    • (1971) A Theory of Justice
    • Rawls, J.1
  • 47
    • 84965704000 scopus 로고
    • The reliability of a linear composite of nonequivalent subtests
    • Rozeboom, W. W. (1989). The reliability of a linear composite of nonequivalent subtests. Applied Psychological Measurement, 13, 277-283.
    • (1989) Applied Psychological Measurement , vol.13 , pp. 277-283
    • Rozeboom, W.W.1
  • 48
    • 0007635494 scopus 로고
    • The relationship of level of ego development to Q-sort personality ratings
    • Rozsnafszky, J. (1981). The relationship of level of ego development to Q-sort personality ratings. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41, 99-120.
    • (1981) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.41 , pp. 99-120
    • Rozsnafszky, J.1
  • 49
    • 0347672683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SAS System for Windows, Release 6.12 [Computer software]. Cary, NC: Author
    • SAS Institute. (1996). SAS System for Windows, Release 6.12 [Computer software]. Cary, NC: Author.
    • (1996)
  • 51
    • 0242640088 scopus 로고
    • Personality and private experience: Individual variations in consciousness and in attention to subjective phenomena
    • L. A. Pervin (Ed.), New York: Guilford Press
    • Singer, J. L., & Bonanno, G. A. (1990). Personality and private experience: Individual variations in consciousness and in attention to subjective phenomena. In L. A. Pervin (Ed.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (pp. 419-444). New York: Guilford Press.
    • (1990) Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research , pp. 419-444
    • Singer, J.L.1    Bonanno, G.A.2
  • 52
    • 0025453067 scopus 로고
    • Assessing individual differences in proneness to shame and guilt: Development of the Self-Conscious Affect and Attribution Inventory
    • Tangney, J. P. (1990). Assessing individual differences in proneness to shame and guilt: Development of the Self-Conscious Affect and Attribution Inventory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 102-111.
    • (1990) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.59 , pp. 102-111
    • Tangney, J.P.1
  • 55
    • 0001861847 scopus 로고
    • Affect theory
    • K. R. Scherer & P. Ekman (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Tomkins, S. S. (1964). Affect theory. In K. R. Scherer & P. Ekman (Eds.), Approaches to emotion (pp. 163-195). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1964) Approaches to Emotion , pp. 163-195
    • Tomkins, S.S.1
  • 56
    • 34547503326 scopus 로고
    • Extension of the Interpersonal Adjective Scales to include the Big Five dimensions of personality
    • Trapnell, P. D., & Wiggins, J. S. (1990). Extension of the Interpersonal Adjective Scales to include the Big Five dimensions of personality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 781-790.
    • (1990) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.59 , pp. 781-790
    • Trapnell, P.D.1    Wiggins, J.S.2
  • 57
    • 0011855366 scopus 로고
    • Attribution in personality psychology
    • L. A. Pervin (Ed.), New York: Guilford Press
    • Weiner, B. (1990). Attribution in personality psychology. In L. A. Pervin (Ed.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (pp. 465-485). New York: Guilford Press.
    • (1990) Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research , pp. 465-485
    • Weiner, B.1
  • 60
    • 84965470374 scopus 로고
    • Hierarchically nested covariance structure models for multitrait-multimethod data
    • Widaman, K. F. (1985). Hierarchically nested covariance structure models for multitrait-multimethod data. Applied Psychological Measurement, 9, 1-26.
    • (1985) Applied Psychological Measurement , vol.9 , pp. 1-26
    • Widaman, K.F.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.