Locating likely glacial forest refugia in Tasmania using palynological and ecological information to test alternative climatic models

Biological Conservation

Volumn 85, Issue 1-2, 1998, Pages 171-182

  Kirkpatrick, J B ^a   Fowler, M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TASMANIA   (Australia)

Author keywords

Climate; Continentality; Forest; Last glacial; Rainforest; Refugia; Tasmania

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE CHANGE; FOREST; GLACIAL ENVIRONMENT; PROTECTED AREA; REFUGIUM; RESERVE DESIGN;

AUSTRALIA; TASMANIA;

NOTHOFAGUS;

EID: 0032128260     PISSN: 00063207     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0006-3207(97)00144-4     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Bowden, A.R., 1974. The glacial geomorphology of the Tyndall Mountains, Western Tasmania, B.Sc. thesis, University of Tasmania, Australia.
2. Bowden, A.R., 1983. Relict terrestrial dunes: legacies of a former climate in coastal northeastern Tasmania. Z. Geomorph. N.F. 45, 153-174.
3. Bridle, K., Kirkpatrick, J.B., 1997. Local environmental correlates of variability in the organic soils of moorland and alpine vegetation, Mt Sprent, Tasmania. Aust. Journal Ecol. 22, 196-205.
4. Bureau of Meteorology, 1975. Climatic Averages Tasmania and Miscellaneous. AGPS, Canberra.
5. Busby, J.R., 1986. A biogeoclimatic analysis of Nothofagus cunninghamii (Hook.) Oerst. in southeastern Australia. Aust. Journal Ecol. 11, 1-7.
6. Busby, J.R., 1988. Potential implications of climatic change on Australia's flora and fauna. In: Pearman, G.I. (Ed.) Greenhouse Planning for Climate Change. CSIRO, Melbourne, pp. 387-398.
7. Colhoun, E.A., 1975. A quaternary climatic curve for Tasmania. Paper presented to the Australasian Conference on Climate and Climate Change, Royal Meteorological Society, Monash.
8. C'olhoun, E.A., 1977. A sequence of late Quaternary deposits at Pipe Clay Lagoon, southeastern Tasmania. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasm. 111, 1-12.
9. Colhoun, E.A., 1985. Pre-last glaciation maximum vegetation history at Henty Bridge, western Tasmania, New Phytol. 100, 681-690.
10. Colhoun, E.A., 1991. Climate during the last glacial maximum in Australia and New Guinea. Australia and New Zealand Geomorphological Group, Special Publication 2.
11. Colhoun, E.A., van de Geer, G., 1986. Holocene to Middle Last Glaciation vegetation history at Tullabardine Dam, western Tasmania. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 229, 177-207.
12. Colhoun, E.A., van de Geer, G., Mook, W.G., 1982. Stratigraphy, pollen analysis, and palaeoclimatic interpretation of Pulbeena Swamp, northwestern Tasmania. Quat. Res. 18, 108-126.
13. Colhoun, E.A., van de Geer, G., Fitisimons, S.J., 1990. Late glacial and Holocene vegetation history at Governor Bog, King Valley, western Tasmania, Australia. Journal Quat. Sci. 6, 55-66.
14. Colhoun, E.A., van de Geer, G., Hannan, D.G., 1991. Late glacial and Holocene vegetation history at Dublin Bog, north-central Tasmania. Austr. Geog. Stud. 29, 337-354.
15. Colhoun, E.A., van de Geer, G., Fitzsimons, S.J., 1992. Late Quaternary organic deposits at Smelter Creek and vegetation history of the Middle King Valley, Western Tasmania. Journal Biogeog. 19, 217-227.
16. Colhoun, E.A., van de Geer, G., Fitzsimons, S.J., Heusser, L.E., 1994. Terrestrial and marine records of the last glaciation from western Tasmania: do they agree?. Quat. Sci. Rev. 13, 293-300.
17. Commonwealth of Australia, 1995. National Forest Conservation Reserves Commonwealth Proposed Criteria. AGPS, Canberra.
18. Daubenmire, R., 1954. Alpine timberlines in the Americas and their interpretation. Butler Univ. Bot. Stud. 11, 119-136.
19. Davis, M.B, 1976. Pleistocene biogeography of temperate deciduous forests. Geoscience and Man 13, 13-26.
20. Fensham, R.J., 1989. The pre-European vegetation of the Midlands, Tasmania: a floristic and historical analysis of vegetation patterns. Journal Biogeogr. 16, 29-54.
21. Galloway, R.W., 1965. Late Quaternary climates in Australia. Journal Geol. 73, 603-618.
22. Gibson, N, Kiernan, K.W., Macphail, M.K., 1987. A fossil bolster plant from the King River, Tasmania. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasm. 121, 35-42.
23. Harle, K.J., Kershaw, A.P., Macphail, M.K., Neyland, M.G., 1993. Palaeoecological analysis of an isolated stand of Nothofagus cunninghamii (Hook.) Oerst. in eastern Tasmania. Aust. Journal Ecol. 18, 161-170.
24. Hope, G.S., 1978. The Late Pleistocene and Holocene vegetational history of Hunter Island, north-western Tasmania. Aust. Journal Bot. 26, 493-514.
25. Hope, G.S., 1995. Quaternary vegetation. In: Hill, R.S. (Ed.) History of Australian Vegetation: Cretaceous to Recent. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 368-389.
26. Hope, G.S., Kirkpatrick, J.B., 1988. The ecological history of Australian forests. In: Frawley, K.J., Semple, N.M. (Eds.) Australia's Ever Changing Forests, special Publication No. 1, Department of Geography and Oceanography, ADFA, Campbell, ACT, pp. 3-22.
27. Huntley, B., 1993. Species-richness in north-temperate zone forests. Journal Biogeogr. 20, 163-180.
28. Jackson, W.D., 1965. Vegetation. In: Davies, J.L. (Ed.) Atlas of Tasmania. Mercury Press, Hobart.
29. Jackson, W.D., 1968. Fire, air, water and earth - an elemental ecology of Tasmania. Proc. Ecol. Soc. Aust. 3, 9-16.
30. Jarman, S.J., Brown, M.J., 1983. A definition of cool temperate rainforest in Tasmania. Search 14, 81-87.
31. Kershaw, A.P., McEwen Mason, J.R., McKenzie, G.M., Strickland, K.M., Wagstaft B.E., 1986 Aspects of the development of cold-adapted flora and vegetation in the Cenozoic of southeastern mainland Australia. In: Barlow, B.A. (Ed.) Flora and Fauna of Alpine Australasia. CSIRO, Canberra, pp. 147-160.
32. Kiernan, K.B., 1983. Weathering evidence for an additional glacial stage in Tasmania. Aust. Geog. Stud. 21, 197-220.
33. Kirkpatrick, J.B., 1982. Phytogeographical analysis of Tasmanian alpine floras. Journal Biogeog. 9, 225-271.
34. Kirkpatrick, J.B., 1983. Treeless plant communities of the Tasmanian high country. Proc. Ecol. Soc. Aust. 12, 61-77.
35. Kirkpatrick, J.B., 1986. Tasmanian alpine biogeography and ecology and interpretations of the past. In: Barlow, B.A. (Ed.) Flora and Fauna of Alpine Australasia. CSIRO, Melbourne, pp. 229-242
36. Kirkpatrick, J.B., Brown, M.J., 1984. The palaeogeographic significance of local endemism in Tasmanian higher plants. Search 15, 112-113.
37. Kirkpatrick, J.B., Brown, M.J., 1987. The nature of the transition from sedgeland to alpine vegetation in South West Tasmania. I. Altitudinal vegetation change on four mountains. Journal Biogeogr. 14, 539-550.
38. Kirkpatrick, J.B., Brown, M.J., 1994. A comparison of direct and environmental domain approaches to planning reservation of forest higher plant communities and species in Tasmania. Conservation Biology 8, 217-224.
39. Kirkpatrick, J.B., Dickinson, K.J.M., 1984, 1:500 000 Vegetation Map of Tasmania. Forestry Commission, Hobart.
40. Kirkpatrick, J.B., Nunez, M., 1980. Vegetation radiation relationships in mountainous terrain: eucalypt-dominated vegetation in the Risdon Hills, Tasmania. Journal Biogeogr. 7, 197-208.
41. Kirkpatrick, J.B., Gilfedder, L., Fensham, R.J., 1988a. City Parks and Cemeteries: Tasmania's Remnant Grasslands and Grassy Woodlands. Tasmanian Conservation Trust, Hobart.
42. Kirkpatrick, J.B., Peacock, R.J., Cullen, P.J., Neyland, M.G., 1988b. The Wet Eucalypt Forests of Tasmania. Tasmanian Conservation Trust, Hobart.
43. Kirkpatrick, J.B., Nunez, M., Bridle, K., Chladil, M., 763. Explaining a sharp transition from sedgeland to alpine vegetation on Mount Sprent, south-west Tasmania, Journal Veg. Sci. 7.
44. Macphail, M.K., 1979. Vegetation and climates in southern Tasmania since the Last Glaciation. Quat. Res. 11, 306-341.
45. Macphail, M.K., 1986. 'Over the top': pollen based reconstruction of past alpine floras and vegetation in Tasmania. In: Barlow, B.A. (Ed.) Flora and Fauna of Alpine Australasia, CSIRO, Melbourne, pp. 173-204.
46. Macphail, M.K., Colhoun, E.A., 1985. Late last glacial vegetation, climates and fire activity in Southwest Tasmania. Search 16, 43-45.
47. Macphail, M.K., Jackson, W.D., 1978. The Late Pleistocene and Holocene history of the Midlands of Tasmania, Australia: pollen evidence from Lake Tiberias. Proc. Roy. Soc. Vict. 90, 287-300.
48. Markgraf, V., Platt Bradbury, J., Busby, J.R., 1986. Paleoclimates in Southwestern Tasmania during the last 13000 years. Palaios 1, 368-380.
49. Markgraf, V., McGlone, M., Hope, G., 1995. Neogene palaeoenvironmental and paleoclimatic change in southern temperate ecosystems - a southern perspective. Trends Ecol. Evol. 10, 143-147.
50. Nunez, M., Kirkpatrick, J.B., Nilsson, C., 1996. Rainfall estimation in south west Tasmania using satellite images and phytosociological calibration. Int. Journal Rem. Sens. 17, 1583-1600.
51. Peterson, J.A., Robinson, G., 1969. Trend surface mapping of cirque floor levels. Nature (London) 222, 75-76.
52. Pyrke, A., Kirkpatrick, J.B., 1994, Growth rate and basal area response curves of four Eucalyptus species on Mt Wellington, Tasmania. Journal Veg. Sci. 5, 13-24.
53. Sigleo, W.R., Colhoun, E.A., 1981. A short pollen diagram from Crown Lagoon in the midlands of Tasmania. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasm. 115, 181-188.
54. Thomas, I., 1991. The Holocene archeology and palaeoecology of northeastern Tasmania, Australia, Ph.D. thesis, University of Tasmania.
55. Thomas, I., Hope, G., 1994. An example of Holocene vegetation stability from Camerons Lagoon, a near treeline site on the Central Plateau, Tasmania. Aust. Journal Ecol. 19, 150-158.
56. Thomas, I., Kirkpatrick, J.B., 1996. The role of coastlines, people and fire in the development of heathlands in northeast Tasmania. Journal Biogeogr. 23, 717-728.
57. van de Geer, G., Colhoun, H.A., Mook, W.G., 1986. Stratigraphy, pollen analysis, and palaeoclimatic interpretation of Mowbray and Broadmeadows Swamps, northwestern Tasmania. Aust. Geog. 17, 121-133.
58. van de Geer, G., Fitzsimons, S.J., Colhoun, E.A., 1989. Holocene to middle last glaciation vegetation history at Newall Creek, western Tasmania. New Phytol. 111, 548-558.
59. van de Geer, G., Fitzsimons, S.J., Colhoun, E.A., 1991. Holocene vegetation history from King River Railway Bridge, Western Tasmania. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasm. 125, 73-77.
60. van de Geer, G., Heusser, L.E., Lynch-Stieglitz, J., Charles, C.D., 1994. Palaeoenvironments of Tasmania inferred from a 5-75 KA marine pollen record. Palynology 18, 33-40.
61. Wardle, P., 1974. Alpine timberunes. In: Ives, J.D., Barry, R.G. (Eds.) Alpine and Arctic Environments. Methuen and Co., London.
62. Webb, J.A., Thomas, I., Thiele, K., 1994. The physical setting of the Gog Range. In: Sagona, A. (Ed.) Bruising the Red Earth. MUP, Melbourne, pp. 41-51.
63. Whinam, J., Kirkpatrick, J.B., 1994. The Mt. Wellington string bogs, Tasmania. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasm. 128, 63-68.