Application of an automated HS-GC method in partition coefficient determination for xylenes and ethylbenzene in rat tissues

Chemosphere

Volumn 37, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 159-178

  Kumarathasan, P ^a   Otson, R ^a   Chu, I ^a  

^a HEALTH CANADA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Analysis; Ethylbenzene; Head space; Partition coefficient; Tissue; Xylenes

Indexed keywords

ETHYLBENZENE; XYLENE;

ADIPOSE TISSUE; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; AUTOANALYSIS; BLOOD; BRAIN; COMPUTER; COMPUTER PROGRAM; EQUIPMENT; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; ISOMER; KIDNEY; LIVER; MALE; MUSCLE; NONHUMAN; PARTITION COEFFICIENT; RAT; TISSUE LEVEL;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 0032127312     PISSN: 00456535     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00031-9     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. 1. M.E. Andersen, H.J. Clewell, M.L. Gargas, F.A. Smith and R.H. Reitz. Physiologically based pharmacokinetics and the risk assessment process for methylene chloride. Toxicol. and Appl. Pharmacol. 87, 185-205 (1987).
2. 2. R.H. Reitz, A.L. Mandrala, R.A. Corley, J.F. Quast, M.L. Gargas, M.E. Andersen, D.A. Staats and R.B. Conolly. Estimating the risk of liver cancer associated with human exposures to chloroform using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling. Toxicol. and Appl. Pharmacol. 105, 443-459 (1990).
3. 3. K. Krishnan, H. J. Clewell III and M. E. Andersen. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic analysis of simple mixtures. Environ. Health Perspect. 102(Suppl 9), 151-155 (1994).
4. 4. H.J. Clewell, H.J. The Use of Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modelling in Risk Assessment: A Case Study with Methylene Chloride. Presented at the ILSI Risk Science Institute Cancer Dose-Response Working Group Workshop on Characterization of Cancer Dose-Response, Washington D.C. (March 23-24, 1992).
5. 5. C.A. Weston, R.P. Albert, D.N. Speis, L. William and W. Martin. Screening environmental samples for volatile organics utilizing a static head space sampler. American Laboratory 30-35, (November, 1992).
6. 6. K. Engstrom and V. Riihimaki. Environmental Carcinogens Methods of Analysis and Exposure Measurement L. Fishbein and I.K. O'Neil, Eds., International Agency for Research on Cancer. Lyon, IARC Sci. Publ. No.85, pp. 307-311, (1988).
7. 7. S.L. Friant and I.H. Suffet. Interactive effects of temperature, salt concentration, and pH on head space analysis for isolating volatile trace organics in aqueous environmental samples. Anal. Chem. 51(13), 2167-2172, (1979).
8. 8. A. Sato, Y. Fujiwara and T. Nakajima. Solubility of benzene, toluene, m-xylene in various body fluids and tissues of rabbits. Jap. J. Ind. Health 16, 30-31, (1974).
9. 9. M.L. Gargas, R.J. Burgess, D.E. Voisard, G.H. Cason and M.E. Andersen. Partition coefficients of low molecular weight volatile chemicals in various liquids and tissues. Toxicol. and Appl. Pharmacol. 98, 87-99, (1989).
10. 10. G. Johanson and Dynesius. Liquid/air partition coefficients of six commonly used glycol ethers. British J. of Industrial Medicine 45, 561-564, (1988).
11. 11. R. Dills, W.S. Ackerlund, D.A. Kalman and M.S. Morgan. Blood/air partition coefficient determinations: Automation and improvement of the equilibrium partitioning in closed systems method. J. Exposure Anal. and Environ. Epidemiology 3(4), 471-489, (1993).
12. st Croatian Congress of Toxicology, Zagreb, Croatia (April 17-19, 1996).
13. 13. R. Otson and P. Kumarathasan. An automated head space analysis method for xylenes and ethylbenzene in blood and water. Chemosphere 30(6), 1109-1123, (1995).
14. 14. C.W. Lam, T.J. Galen, J.F. Boyd and D.L. Pierson. Mechanism of transport and distribution of organic solvents in blood. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 104, 117-129, (1990).
15. 15. Y.C. Pang, P.E. Reid and D.E. Brooks. Solubility and distribution of halothane in human blood. Br. J. Anaesth. 52, 851-862, (1980).
16. 16. G.A. Gregory and E.I. Eger II. Partition coefficients in blood and blood fractions at various concentrations of cyclopropane Fed Proc. 27:705 (1968).
17. 17. H.J. Lowe and K. Hagler. Determination of volatile organic anaesthetics in blood, gases, tissues and lipids: Partition coefficients. In Gas Chromatography in Biology and Medicine. J. and A. Churchill, London, pp. 86-112, (1969).
18. 18. E. Elovaara, K. Engstrom and H. Vainio. Metabolism and disposition of simultaneously inhaled m-xylene and ethylbenzene in the rat. Toxicol. and Appl. Pharmacol. 75, 466-478, (1984).
19. 19. R. Tardif, R. Goyal and J. Brodeur. Assessment of occupational health risk from multiple exposure. Review of industrial solvent interaction and implication for biological monitoring of exposure. Toxicol. Indust. Health. 8(1/2), 37-52, (1992).
20. 20. L. Alessio, P. Apostoli and M. Crippa, Multiple exposure to solvents and metals. Occup. Hygiene. 1, 127-151 (1994).
21. 21. M. Ikeda. Exposure to complex mixtures. Implications for biological monitoring. Toxicol. Letters. 77, 85-91, (1995).
22. 22. K.G. Romer, R.J. Federsel and K.J. Freundt. Rise of inhaled toluene, ethylbenzene, m-xylene or mesitylene in rat blood after treatment with ethanol. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 37, 874-876, (1986).
23. 23. K.J. Freundt, K.G. Romer and R.J. Federsel. Decrease of inhaled toluene, ethylbenzene, m-xylene or mesitylene in rat after combined exposure to ethyl acetate. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 42, 495-498, (1989).
24. 24. J. Engstrom and R, Bjurstrom. Exposure to xylene and ethylbenzene: II. Concentration in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Scand. J. Work Environ. and Health. 4, 195-203, (1978).