Glial cell responses, complement, and clusterin in the central nervous system following dorsal root transection

GLIA

Volumn 23, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 221-238

  Liu, Li ^a   Persson, Jonas K E ^b   Svensson, Mikael ^c   Aldskogius, Håkan ^a  

^a UPPSALA UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

^c KAROLINSKA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Astrocyte; Immunohistochemistry; In situ hybridization; Microglia; Proliferation; Wallerian degeneration

Indexed keywords

EID: 0032126532     PISSN: 08941491     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1136(199807)23:3<221::AID-GLIA5>3.0.CO;2-7     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Aldskogius, H. and Arvidsson, J. (1989) Rapid degeneration of glial cells during early Wallerian degeneration in the neonatal kitten spinal cord. J. Hirnforsch., 30:489-493.
2. Aldskogius, H. and Svensson, M. (1993) Neuronal and glial cell responses to axon injury. Advances in Structural Biology, Vol. 2. S.K. Malhotra, ed. JA1 Press, Greenwich, Conn. pp. 191-223.
3. Banati, R.B., Gehrmann, J., Schubert, P., and Kreutzber, G.W. (1993) Cytotoxicity of microglia. Glia, 7:111-118.
4. Bell, M.D., Lopez-Gonzalez, R., Lawson, L., Hughes, D., Fraser, I., Gordon, S., and Perry, V.H. (1994) Upregulation of the macrophage scavenger receptor in the response to different forms of injury in the CNS. J. Neurocytol., 23:605-613.
5. Bignami, A., Dahl, D., Nguyen, B. T., and Crosby, C.J. (1981) The fate of axonal debris in Wallerian degeneration of rat optic and sciatic nerves. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol., 40:337-350.
6. Brierley, J.B. and Brown, A.W. (1982). The origin of lipid phagocytes in the central nervous system. I. The intrinsic microglia. J. Comp. Neurol., 211:397-406.
7. Brown, E.J. (1991) Complement receptors and phagocytosis. Curr. Opin. Immunol., 3:76-82.
8. Bruck, W. and Friede, R.L. (1990) Anti-macrophage CR3 antibody blocks myelin phagocytosis by macrophages in vitro. Acta Neuropathol., 80:415-418.
9. Bruck, W. and Friede, R.L., (1991) The role of complement in myelin phagocytosis during PNS Wallerian degeneration. J. Neurol. Sci., 103:182-187.
10. Cheng, H.W., Jiang, T., Brown, S.A., Pasinetti, G.M., Finch, C.E., and McNeill, T.H. (1994) Response of stiatal astrocytes to neuronal deafferentation: An immunocytochemical and ultrastructural study. Neuroscience, 62:425-439.
11. Collard, M.W. and Griswold, M.D. (1987) Biosynthesis and molecular cloning of sulfated glycoprotein 2 secreted by rat Sertoli cells. Biochemistry, 26:3297-3303.
12. Cook, R.D. and Wisniewski, H.M. (1973) The role of oligodendroglia and astroglia in Wallerian degeneration of the optic nerve. Brain Res., 61:191-206.
13. Cova, J.L. and Aldskogius, H. (1986) Effect of axotomy on perineuronal glial cells in the hypoglossal and dorsal motor vagal nuclei of the cat. Exp. Neurol., 93:662-667.
14. Cova, J.L., Aldskogius, H., Arvidsson, J., and Molander, C. (1988) Changes in microglia cell numbers in the spinal cord dorsal horn following brachial plexus transection in the adult rat. Exp. Brain Res., 73:61-68.
15. De Bruijn, M.H.L. and Fey, G.H. (1985) Human complement component C3: cDNA coding sequence and derived primary structure. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 82:708-712.
16. Dijkstra, C.D., Doepp, E.A., Joling, P., and Kraal, G. (1985) The heterogeneity of mononuclear phagocytes in lymphoid organs: Distinct macrophage subpopulations in the rat recognized by monoclonal antibodies ED1, ED2 and ED3. Immunology, 54:589-599.
17. Eriksson, N.P., Persson, J.K.E., Svensson, M., Arvidsson, J., Molander, C., and Aldskogius, H. (1993) A quantitative analysis of the microglial cell reaction in central primary sensory projection territories following peripheral nerve injury in the adult rat. Exp. Brain Res., 96:19-27.
18. Eriksson, N.P., Persson, J.K.E., Aldskogius, H. and Svensson, M. (1997) A quantitative analysis of the glial cell reaction in primary sensory termination areas following sciatic nerve injury and treatment with nerve growth factor in the adult rat. Exp. Brain Res., 114:393-404.
19. Farooque, M., Zhang, Y., Holtz, A., and Olsson, Y. (1992) Exudation of fibronectin and albumin after spinal cord injury in rats. Acta. Neuropathol. 84:613-620.
20. Fernando, D.A. (1973) An electron microscopic study of the neuroglial reaction in Wallerian degeneration of the corticospinal tract. Acta Anat., 86:459-473.
21. Franson, P. (1985) Quantitative electron microscopic observations on the non-neuronal cells and lipid droplets in the posterior funiculus of the cat after dorsal rhizotomy. J. Comp. Neurol., 231:490-499.
22. Franson, P. (1988) Quantitative electron microscopic observations on the non-neuronal cells and lipid droplets in the posterior funiculus of the kitten after dorsal rhizotomy. Anat. Embryol., 178:95-105.
23. Franson, P. and Ronnevi, L.-O. (1984) Myelin breakdown and elimination in the posterior funiculus of the adult cat after dorsal rhizotomy: A light and electron microscopic qualitative and quantitative study. J. Comp. Neurol., 223:138-151.
24. Franson, P. and Ronnevi, L.-O. (1989) Myelin breakdown in the posterior funiculus of the kitten after dorsal rhizotomy: A qualitative and quantitative light and electron microscopic study. Anat. Embryol., 180:272-280.
25. Garrison, C.J., Dougherty, P.M., Kajander, K.C., and Carlton, S.M. (1991) Staining of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in lumbar spinal cord increase following a sciatic nerve constriction injury. Brain Res., 565:1-7.
26. George, R. and Griffin, J.W. (1994a) The proximodistal spread of axonal degeneration in the dorsal columns of the rat. J. Neurocytol., 23:657-667.
27. George, R. and Griffin, J.W. (1994b) Delayed macrophage responses and myelin clearance during Wallerian degeneration in the central nervous system: The dorsal radiculotomy model. Exp. Neurol., 129:225-236.
28. Gilmore, S.A., Sims, T.J., and Leiting, J.Z. (1990) Astrocytic reaction in spinal gray matter following sciatic axotomy. Glia, 3:342-349.
29. Giulian, D.(1993) Reactive glia as rivals in regulating neuronal survival. Glia, 7:102-110.
30. Graeber, M.B. and Kreutzberg, G.W. (1988) Delayed astrocyte reacton following facial nerve axotomy. J. Neurocytol., 17:209-20.
31. Graeber, M.B., Streit, W.J., and Kreutzberg, G.W. (1988) Axotomy of the rat facial nerve leads to increased CR3 complement receptor expression by activated microglial cells. J. Neurosci. Res., 21:18-24.
32. Hajos, F., Csillik, B., and Knyihar-Csillik, E. (1990) Alterations in glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity in the upper dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord in the course of transganglionic degenerative atrophy and regenerative proliferation. Neurosci. Lett., 117:8-13.
33. Jenne, D.E., Lowin, B., Peitsch, M.C., Böttcher, A., Schmitz, G., and Tschopp, J. (1991) Clusterin (complement lysis inhibitor) forms a high density lipoprotein complex with apolipoprotein A-I in human plasma. J. Biol. Chem., 266:11030-11036.
34. Jordan-Starck, T.C., Witte, D.P., Aronow, B.J., and Harmony, J.A.K. (1992) Apolipoprotein J: A membrane policeman? Curr. Opin. Lipidol., 3:75-85.
35. Kapadia, S.E. and LaMotte, C.C. (1987) Deafferentation-induced alterations in the rat dorsal horn. I. Comparison of peripheral nerve injury vs. rhizotomy effects on presynaptic, postsynaptic and glial processes. J. Comp. Neurol., 266:183-197.
36. Lawson, L.J., Frost, L., Risbridger, J., Fearn, S., and Perry, V.H. (1994) Quantification of the mononuclear phagocyte response to Wallerian degeneration of the optic nerve. J. Neurocytol., 23:729-744.
37. Ling, E.A. (1978) Electron microscopic studies of macrophages in Wallerian degeneration of rat optic nerve after intravenous injection of colloidal carbon. J. Anat., 126:111-121.
38. Ling, E.A., Kaur, C., Yick, T.Y., and Wong, W.C. (1990) Immunocytochemical localizations of CR3 complement receptors with OX-42 in amoeboid microglia in postnatal rats. Anat. Embryol., 182:481-486.
39. Ling, E.A, Kaur, C., and Wang, W.C. (1992) Expression of major histocompatibility complex antigens and CR3 complement receptors in activated microglia following an injection of ricin into the sciatic nerve in rats. Histol. Histopathol., 7:93-100.
40. Liu, L., Törnqvist, E., Mattsson, P., Eriksson, N.P., Persson, J.K.E., Morgan, B.P., Aldskogius, H., and Svensson, M. (1995) Complement and clusterin in the spinal cord dorsal horn and gracile nucleus following sciatic nerve injury in the adult rat. Neuroscience, 68:167-179.
41. Matthews, M.A. and Kruger, L. (1973) Electron microscopy of non-neuronal cellular changes accompanying neural degeneration in thalamic nuclei of the rabbit. II. Reactive elements within the neuropil. J. Comp. Neurol., 148:313-346.
42. May, P.C. and Finch, C.E. (1992) Sulfated glycoprotein 2: New relationship of this multifunctional protein to neurodegeneration. Trends Neurosci., 15:391-396.
43. Michel, D., Chabot,J.G., Moyse, E., Danik, M., and Duirion, R. (1992) Possible functions of a new genetic marker in the central nervous system: the sulfated glycoprotein-2 (SGP-2). Synapse 11:105-111.
44. Montgomery, D.L. (1994) Astrocytes: Form, functions and roles in disease. Vet. Pathol., 31:145-167.
45. Morgan, B.P. and Gasque, P. (1996) Expression of complement in the brain: role in health and disease. Immunol. Today, 17:461-466.
46. Murray, M., Wang, S.D., Goldberg, M.G., and Levitt, P. (1990) Modification of astrocytes in the spinal cord following dorsal root or peripheral nerve lesions. Exp. Neurol., 110:248-257.
47. Nichols, N.R., Osterbug, H.H., Masters, J.N., Millar, S.L., and Finch, C.E. (1990) Messenger RNA for glial fibrillary acidic protein is decreased in rat brain following acute and chronic corticosterone treatment. Molec. Brain Res., 7:1-7.
48. Pasinetti, G.M., Johnson, S.A., Rozovsky, I., Lampert-Etchells, M., Morgan, D.G., Gordon, M.N., Morgan, T.E., Willoughby, D., and Finch, C.E. (1992) Complement C1qB and C4 mRNAs responses to lesioning in rat brain. Exp. Neurol., 118:117-125.
49. Perry, V.H., Brown, M.C., and Gordon, S. (1987) The macrophage response to central and peripheral nerve injury: A possible role for macrophages in regeneration. J. Exp. Med., 165:1218-1223.
50. Perry, V.H., Matyszak, M.K., and Fearn, S. (1993) Altered antigen expression of microglia in the aged rodent CNS. Glia, 7:60-67.
51. Persson, J.K.E., Svensson, M., and Aldskogius, H. (1995) Cell proliferation in the gracile nuclei and dorsal spinal cord following sciatic nerve transection in the adult rat. Primary Sensory Neuron, 1:47-64.
52. Robinson, A.P., White, T.M., and Mason, D.W. (1986) Macrophage heterogeneity in the rat as delineated by two monoclonal antibodies MRC OX-41 and MRC OX-42, the latter recognising complement receptor type 3. Immunology, 57:527-531.
53. Rosenberg, M.E., Duergsten, J., and Correa-Rotter, R. (1993) Clusterin: An enigmatic protein recruited by diverse stimuli. J. Lab. Clin. Med., 121:205-214.
54. Stoll, G., Griffin, J.W., Li, O.Y., and Trapp, B.D. (1989b) Wallerian degeneration in the peripheral nervous system: Participation of both Schwann cells and macrophages in myelin degradation. J. Neurocytol., 18:671-683.
55. Stoll, G., Schmidt, B., Jander, S., Toyka, K.V., and Hartung, H.P. (1991) Presence of the terminal complex (C5b-9) precedes myelin degradation in immune-mediated demyelination of the rat peripheral nervous system. Ann. Neurol., 30:147-155.
56. Stoll, G., Trapp, B.D., and Griffin, J.W. (1989a) Macrophage function during Wallerian degeneration of rat optic nerve: Clearance of degenerating myelin and Ia expression. J. Neurosci., 9:2327-2335.
57. Svensson, M. and Aldskogius, H. (1992a) Evidence for activation of the complement cascade in the hypoglossal nucleus following peripheral nerve injury. J. Neuroimmunol., 40:99-110.
58. Svensson, M. and Aldskogius, H. (1992b) The effect of axon injury on microtubule-associated protein MAP2 mRNA in the hypoglossal nucleus of the adult rat. Brain Res., 581:319-322.
59. Svensson, M. and Aldskogius, H. (1993) Regeneration of hypoglossal nerve axons following blockade of the axotomy-induced microglial cell reaction in the rat. Eur. J. Neurosci., 5:85-94.
60. Svensson, M., Eriksson, P., Persson, J.K.E., Molander, C., Arvidsson, J., and Aldskogius, H. (1993) The response of central glia to peripheral nerve injury. Brain Res. Bull., 30:499-506.
61. Svensson, M., Eriksson, P., Persson, J.K.E., Liu, L., and Aldskogius, H. (1994a) Functional properties of microglia following peripheral nerve injury. Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol., 20:185-187.
62. Svensson, M., Liu, L., Mattsson, P., Morgan, B.P., and Aldskogius, H. (1995) Evidence for activation of the terminal pathway of complement and upregulation of sulfated glycoprotein (SGP)-2 in the hypoglossal nucleus following peripheral nerve injury. Molec. Chem. Neuropathol., 24:53-68.
63. Svensson, M., Mattsson, P., and Aldskogius, H. (1994b) A bromodeoxyuridine labelling study of proliferating cells in the brainstem following hypoglossal nerve transection. J. Anat., 185:537-542.
64. Tanaka, K., Zhang, Q.L., and Webster, H.D. (1992) Myelinated fiber regeneration after sciatic nerve crush: morphometric observations in young adult and aging mice and the effects of macrophage suppression and conditioning lesions. Exp. Neurol., 118:53-61.
65. Thomas, W.E. (1992) Brain macrophages: Evaluation of microglia and their functions. Brain Res. Rev., 17:61-74.
66. Törnqvist, E., Liu, L., Aldskogius, H., von Holst, H., and Svensson, M. (1996) Complemente and clusterin in the injured nervous system. Neurobiol. Aging, 17:695-705.
67. Vaughn, J.E., Hinds, P.L., and Skoff, R.P. (1970) Electron microscopic studies of Wallerian degeneration in rat optic nerves. I. The multipotential glia. J. Comp. Neurol., 140:175-206.
68. Vaughn, J.E. and Pease, D.C. (1970) Electron microscopic studies of Wallerian degeneration in rat optic nerves. II. Astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and adventitial cells. J. Comp. Neurol., 140:207-226.
69. Vaughn, J.E. and Skoff, R.P. (1972) Neuroglia in experimentally altered central nervous system. In: Structure and Function of Nervous Tissue, Vol. 2. G.H. Bourne, ed. Academic Press, New York, London, pp. 39-72.