A simplified approach to backscattering from a rough seafloor with sediment inhomogeneities

IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering

Volumn 23, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 157-166

  Novarini, Jorge C ^{a,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j}   Caruthers, Jerald W ^b,i,k,l  

^a PLANNING SYSTEMS INC   (United States)

^b NAVAL RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES   (Argentina)

^d Hydrographic Serv Argentine Navy   (Argentina)

^e Underwater Sound Group   (United States)

^f NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL   (United States)

^g Underwater Sound Division   (Argentina)

^h Syntek Comp and Engineering Inc   (United States)

ⁱ University of Buenos Aires ^*

^j ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA   (United States)

^k TEXAS A AND M UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^l NAVAL OCEANOGRAPHIC OFFICE   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

Bottom interaction; Bottom loss; Bottom scattering; Reverberation

Indexed keywords

BACKSCATTERING; OCEAN CURRENTS; OCEANOGRAPHY; REVERBERATION; SEDIMENTS; SONAR; UNDERWATER ACOUSTICS;

BOTTOM INTERACTIONS; BOTTOM SCATTERING; ROUGH SEAFLOOR;

ACOUSTIC WAVE BACKSCATTERING;

EID: 0032115330     PISSN: 03649059     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/48.701188     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. P. A. Crowther, "Some statistics of the sea-bed and scattering there-from," in Acoustics and the Sea-Bed, N. G. Page, Ed. Bath, U.K.: Bath Univ., 1983, pp. 147-156.
2. D. R. Jackson, D. P. Winebrenner, and A. Ishimaru, "Application of the composite roughness model to high-frequency bottom backscattering," J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., vol. 79, pp. 1410-1422, 1986.
3. P. D. Mourad and D. R. Jackson, "A model/comparison for low frequency bottom backscatter," J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., vol. 94, pp. 344-358, 1993.
4. P. C. Hines and P. J. Barry, "Measurements of acoustic backscatter from Sohm Abyssal Plain," J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., vol. 92, pp. 315-323, 1992.
5. C. de Moustier and D. Alexandrou, "Angular dependence of 12-kHz seafloor acoustic backscatter," J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., vol. 90, pp. 522-531, 1990.
6. H. Matsumoto, R. P. Dziak, and C. G. Fox, "Estimation of seafloor microtopographic roughness through modeling of acoustic backscatter data recorded by multibeam sonar systems," J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., vol. 94, pp. 2776-2787, 1993.
7. J. H. Stockhausen, "Scattering from the volume of an inhomogeneous half-space," Naval Research Establishment, Canada, Rep. 63/9, 1963.
8. Yu. Yu. Zhitkovskii, "Sound scattering by inhomogeneities of the ocean bottom," Izv. Atmos. Ocean Phys., pp. 567-571, 1968.
9. A. N. Ivakin and Yu. P. Lysanov, "Underwater sound scattering by volume inhomogeneities of a bottom medium bounded by a rough surface," Sov. Phys. Acoust., vol. 27, pp. 212-215, 1981.
10. A. Lyon, A. L. Anderson, and F. S. Dwan, "Acoustic scattering from the seafloor: Modeling and data comparison," J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., vol. 95, pp. 2441-2451, 1994.
11. K. V. Mackenzie, "Bottom reverberation for 530 and 1030 cps sound in deep water," J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., vol. 33, pp. 1498-1504, 1961.
12. W. Geddes, personal communication, 1994.
13. D. D. Ellis and D. R. Haller, "A scattering function for bi-static reverberation calculations," J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., vol. 82, p. S124, 1987.
14. J. W. Caruthers and J. C. Novarini, "Modeling bistatic bottom scattering strength including a forward lobe," IEEE J. Oceanic Eng., vol. 18, pp. 100-108, 1993.
15. J. C. Novarini and J. W. Caruthers, "The partition wavenumber in acoustic backscattering from a two-scale surface described by a power-law spectrum," IEEE J. Oceanic Eng., vol. 19, pp. 200-207, 1994.
16. T. Yamamoto, "Acoustic scattering in the ocean from velocity and density fluatuations in sediments," J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., vol. 99, pp. 866-879, 1996.
17. A. N. Ivakin, "Sound scattering by random inhomogeneities of stratified ocean sediments," Sov. Phys. Acoust., vol. 32, pp. 492-496, 1987.
18. L. M. Brekovskikh and Yu. P. Lysanov, Fundamentals of Ocean Acoustics. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1982.
19. E. L. Hamilton, "Geoacoustic modeling of the seafloor," J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., vol. 68, pp. 1313-1340, 1980.
20. A. N. Ivakin and Yu. P. Lysanov, "Backscattering of sound from an inhomogeneous bottom at small grazing angles," Sov. Phys. Acoust., vol. 31, pp. 236-237, 1985.
21. L. Zhang, "SBBS-LD: A data base for sea bottom backscattering measurement data: Low frequency, deep ocean," Tech. Rep., Center for Marine Science, Univ. of Southern Mississippi, 1992.
22. G. Jin, "Deep water reverberation measurements in the South China Sea," Tech. Acoust., vol. 8, pp. 8-11, 1989.
23. P. B. Schmidt, "Bottom reverberation in the Norwegian Sea and North Atlantic Ocean," Informal Rep., U.S. Naval Oceanographic Office, IR#69-38, 1968.
24. V. I. Volovov and Yu. Yu. Zhitkovskii, "Reflection and scattering of sound by the ocean bottom," in Acoustic of the Ocean, Part 6, Ed. L. M. Brekovskikh, Transl. in Joint Publication Research Series, Arlington Virgina, 1975, pp. 197-234.
25. J. P. Buckley and R. J. Urick, "Backscattering from deep sea bed at small grazing angles," J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., vol. 44, pp. 648-650, 1968.
26. A. I. Zotov and A. V. Folkin, "On investigating the local characteristics of sound scattering by deep ocean sediments," Oceanology, vol. 25, pp. 165-168, 1985.
27. D. Maradino and T. G. Goldsberry, "Evaluation of low frequency backscattering strength vs grazing angle by mean of multiple beamforming," in Ocean Seismo-Acoustics: Low frequency Underwater Acoustics, T. Akal and J. Berkson, Eds. New York: Plenum, 1985, pp. 355-364.