Anisotropy of the reflected radiation field over melting glacier ice: Measurements in Landsat TM Bands 2 and 4

Remote Sensing of Environment

Volumn 65, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 93-104

  Knap, Wouter H ^a   Reijmer, Carleen H ^a  

^a UTRECHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANISOTROPY; FREQUENCY RESPONSE; ICE; REFLECTION; SATELLITES; SOLAR RADIATION;

SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS;

GLACIERS;

ANISOTROPY; GLACIER; LANDSAT THEMATIC MAPPER; RADIATION BALANCE;

SWITZERLAND;

EID: 0032109025     PISSN: 00344257     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0034-4257(98)00015-7     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Dirmhirn I., Eaton F.D. Some characteristics of the albedo of snow. J. Appl. Meteorol. 14:1975;375-379.
2. Hall D.K., Chang A.T.C., Foster J.L., Benson C.S., Kovalick W.M. Comparison of in situ and Landsat derived reflectance of Alaskan glaciers. Remote Sens. Environ. 28:1989;23-31.
3. Hall D.K., Bindschadler R.A., Foster J.L., Chang A.T.C., Siddalingaiah H. Comparison of in situ and TM-derived reflectances of Forbindels Glacier, Greenland. Int. J. Remote Sens. 11(3):1990;493-504.
4. Hsia J.J., Weidner V.R. NBS 45°/normal reflectometer for absolute reflectance factors. Metrologia. 17:1981;97-102.
5. 4 reference reflectance panels. Remote Sens. Environ. 40:1992;231-239.
6. Jacobowitz H., Soule H.V., Kyle H.L., House F.B., NIMBUS 7 ERB Experiment Team The Earth Radiation Budget (ERB) Experiment. an overview J. Geophys. Res. 89(D4):1984;5021-5038.
7. Kipp & Zonen (1996), Radiation sensors including special sensor design and calibration services, Documentation, Kipp & Zonen, Delft, The Netherlands.
8. Knap W.H., Reijmer C.H., Oerlemans J. Narrowband to broadband conversion of Landsat-TM glacier albedos. Int. J. Remote Sens. in press:1998;. a.
9. Knap W.H., Brock B.W., Oerlemans J., Willis I.C. Comparison of Landsat-TM derived and ground-based albedos of Haut Glacier d'Arolla, Switzerland. Int. J. Remote Sens. in press:1998;. b.
10. Knowles Middleton W.E., Mungall A.G. The luminous directional reflectance of snow. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 43:1952;572-579.
11. Kuhn M. Bidirectional reflectance of polar and Alpine snow surfaces. Ann. Glaciol. 6:1985;164-167.
12. Lindsay R.W., Rothrock D.A. Arctic sea ice albedo from AVHRR. J. Clim. 7:1994;1737-1749.
13. Markham, B. L., and Barker, J. L. (1983), Spectral characterization of the Landsat Thematic Mapper sensors. In Proceedings of the Landsat-4 Science Characterization Early Results Symposium, NASA Conference Publication 2355, February, pp. 235-276.
14. Oerlemans, J. (1997), Glacio-meteorlogical investigations on the Morteratschgletscher, Switzerland, Report No. 1, Summary of 1 October 1995-1 October 1996. Internal Publication IMAU R 97-7, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
15. Oerlemans J., Knap W.H. A one-year record of global radiation and albedo in the ablation zone of the Morteratschgletscher, Switzerland. J. Glaciol. in press:1998.
16. Salomonson V.V., Marlatt W.E. Anisotropic solar reflectance over white sand, snow and stratus clouds. J. Appl. Meteorol. 7:1968;475-483.
17. Slingo A., Schrecker H.M. On the shortwave radiative properties of stratiform water clouds. Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 108:1982;407-426.
18. Steffen, K. (1987), Bidirectional reflectance of snow at 500-600 nm. In Large Scale Effects of Seasonal Snow Cover, Proceedings of the Vancouver Symposium, August, IAHS Publ. No. 166, pp. 415-425.
19. Suttles J.T., Green R.N., Minnis P.et al. Angular Radiation Models for Earth-Atmosphere System. Volume I. Shortwave Radiation:1988;NASA Reference Publication 1184, NASA, Washington, DC.
20. Taylor V.R., Stowe L.L. Reflectance characteristics of uniform earth and cloud surfaces derived from NIMBUS-7 ERB. J. Geophys. Res. 89(D4):1984;4987-4996.
21. Walthall C.L., Norman J.M., Welles J.M., Campbell G., Blad B.L. Simple equation to approximate the bidirectional reflectance from vegetative canopies and bare soil surfaces. Appl. Opt. 24(3):1985;383-387.
22. Warren S.G. Optical properties of snow. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 20(1):1982;67-89.
23. Winther J.-G. Landsat TM derived and in situ summer reflectance of glaciers in Svalbard. Polar Res. 12(1):1993;37-55.
24. Winther J.-G. Spectral bi-directional reflectance of snow and glacier ice measured in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. Ann. Glaciol. 20:1994;1-5.
25. Wiscombe W.J., Warren S.G. A model for the spectral albedo of snow. pure snow J. Atmos. Sci. 37(12):1980;2712-2733.