메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 101, Issue 11, 1998, Pages 2340-2350

An acetylcholine receptor α subunit promoter confers intrathymic expression in transgenic mice: Implications for tolerance of a transgenic self-antigen and for autoreactivity in myasthenia gravis

Author keywords

Antibody response; Epithelial cells; Myoid cells; Th1 Th2; Thymus

Indexed keywords

AUTOANTIGEN; CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR; PROTEIN SUBUNIT;

EID: 0032103108     PISSN: 00219738     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1172/JCI1615     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (44)

References (57)
  • 1
    • 0017171683 scopus 로고
    • Antibody to acetylcholine receptor in myasthenia gravis: Prevalence, clinical correlates and diagnostic value
    • Lindstrom, J.M., M.L. Seybold, V.A. Lennon, S. Whittingham, and D.D. Duane. 1976. Antibody to acetylcholine receptor in myasthenia gravis: prevalence, clinical correlates and diagnostic value. Neurology. 26:1054-1059.
    • (1976) Neurology , vol.26 , pp. 1054-1059
    • Lindstrom, J.M.1    Seybold, M.L.2    Lennon, V.A.3    Whittingham, S.4    Duane, D.D.5
  • 2
    • 0013573650 scopus 로고
    • Specificities of antibodies to acetylcholine receptors in sera from myasthenia gravis patients measured by monoclonal antibodies
    • Tzartos, S.J., M.E. Seybold, and J. Lindstrom. 1989. Specificities of antibodies to acetylcholine receptors in sera from myasthenia gravis patients measured by monoclonal antibodies. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 79:188-192.
    • (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.79 , pp. 188-192
    • Tzartos, S.J.1    Seybold, M.E.2    Lindstrom, J.3
  • 3
    • 0023933342 scopus 로고
    • Monoclonal antibodies to the main immunogenic region of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor bind to residues 61-76 of the α-subunit
    • Barkas, S., J.M. Gabriel, A. Mauron, J. Hughes, B. Roth, C. Alliod, S. Tzartos, and M. Ballivet. 1988. Monoclonal antibodies to the main immunogenic region of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor bind to residues 61-76 of the α-subunit. J. Biol. Chem. 263:5916-5920.
    • (1988) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.263 , pp. 5916-5920
    • Barkas, S.1    Gabriel, J.M.2    Mauron, A.3    Hughes, J.4    Roth, B.5    Alliod, C.6    Tzartos, S.7    Ballivet, M.8
  • 4
    • 0015885733 scopus 로고
    • Neuromuscular junction in MG: Decreased acetylcholine receptor
    • Fambrough, D.M., D.B. Drachman, and S. Satyamurti. 1973. Neuromuscular junction in MG: decreased acetylcholine receptor. Science. 182:293-295.
    • (1973) Science , vol.182 , pp. 293-295
    • Fambrough, D.M.1    Drachman, D.B.2    Satyamurti, S.3
  • 5
    • 0028779203 scopus 로고
    • Myasthenia gravis
    • Drachman, D.B. 1994. Myasthenia gravis. N. Engl. J. Med. 330:1797-1810.
    • (1994) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.330 , pp. 1797-1810
    • Drachman, D.B.1
  • 8
    • 0021329452 scopus 로고
    • Anti-AChR antibodies, thymic histology, and T cell subsets in myasthenia gravis
    • Berrih, S., E. Morel, C. Gaud, F. Raimond, H. Le Brigand, and J.F. Bach. 1984. Anti-AChR antibodies, thymic histology, and T cell subsets in myasthenia gravis. Neurology. 34:66-71.
    • (1984) Neurology , vol.34 , pp. 66-71
    • Berrih, S.1    Morel, E.2    Gaud, C.3    Raimond, F.4    Le Brigand, H.5    Bach, J.F.6
  • 9
    • 0025029359 scopus 로고
    • Thymic B cells from myasthenia gravis patients are activated B cells: Phenotypic and functional analysis
    • Leprince, C., S. Cohen-Kaminsky, S. Berrih-Aknin, D. Treton, P. Galanaud, and Y. Richard. 1940. Thymic B cells from myasthenia gravis patients are activated B cells: phenotypic and functional analysis. J. Immunol. 145: 2115-2122.
    • (1940) J. Immunol. , vol.145 , pp. 2115-2122
    • Leprince, C.1    Cohen-Kaminsky, S.2    Berrih-Aknin, S.3    Treton, D.4    Galanaud, P.5    Richard, Y.6
  • 10
    • 0025819525 scopus 로고
    • Antiacetylcholine receptor antibodies decrease after thymectomy in patients with myasthenia gravis. Clinical correlations
    • Kuks, J.B., H.J. Oosterhuis, P.C. Limburg, and T.H. The. 1991. Antiacetylcholine receptor antibodies decrease after thymectomy in patients with myasthenia gravis. Clinical correlations. J. Autoimmun. 4:197-211.
    • (1991) J. Autoimmun. , vol.4 , pp. 197-211
    • Kuks, J.B.1    Oosterhuis, H.J.2    Limburg, P.C.3    The, T.H.4
  • 11
    • 0023189057 scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholine receptors in human thymic myoid cells in situ: An immunohistological study
    • Schluep, M., N. Willcox, A. Vincent, G.K. Dhoot, and J. Newsom-Davis. 1987. Acetylcholine receptors in human thymic myoid cells in situ: an immunohistological study. Ann. Neurol. 22:212-222.
    • (1987) Ann. Neurol. , vol.22 , pp. 212-222
    • Schluep, M.1    Willcox, N.2    Vincent, A.3    Dhoot, G.K.4    Newsom-Davis, J.5
  • 12
    • 0024523455 scopus 로고
    • Proteins with epitopes of the acetylcholine receptor in epithelial cell cultures of thymomas in myasthenia gravis
    • Marx, A., T. Kirchner, F. Hoppe, R. O'Conner, B. Schalke, S. Tzartos, and H.K. Müller-Hermelink. 1989. Proteins with epitopes of the acetylcholine receptor in epithelial cell cultures of thymomas in myasthenia gravis. Am. J. Pathol. 134:865-877.
    • (1989) Am. J. Pathol. , vol.134 , pp. 865-877
    • Marx, A.1    Kirchner, T.2    Hoppe, F.3    O'Conner, R.4    Schalke, B.5    Tzartos, S.6    Müller-Hermelink, H.K.7
  • 13
    • 0026027574 scopus 로고
    • Neoplastic epithelial cells express α-subunit of muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in thymomas from patients with myasthenia gravis
    • Hara, Y., S. Ueno, T. Uemichi, N. Takahashi, S. Yorifuji, Y. Fujii, and S. Tarui. 1991. Neoplastic epithelial cells express α-subunit of muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in thymomas from patients with myasthenia gravis. FEBS Lett. 279:137-140.
    • (1991) FEBS Lett. , vol.279 , pp. 137-140
    • Hara, Y.1    Ueno, S.2    Uemichi, T.3    Takahashi, N.4    Yorifuji, S.5    Fujii, Y.6    Tarui, S.7
  • 14
    • 0026577251 scopus 로고
    • Molecular evidence for the expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha-chain in mouse thymus
    • Wheatley, L.M., D. Urso, K. Tumas, J. Maltzman, E. Loh, and A.I. Levinson. 1992. Molecular evidence for the expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha-chain in mouse thymus. J. Immunol. 148:3105-3109.
    • (1992) J. Immunol. , vol.148 , pp. 3105-3109
    • Wheatley, L.M.1    Urso, D.2    Tumas, K.3    Maltzman, J.4    Loh, E.5    Levinson, A.I.6
  • 15
    • 0030587964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of acetylcholine receptor genes in human thymic epithelial cells. Implications for myasthenia gravis
    • Wakkach, A., T. Guyon, C. Bruand, S. Tzartos, S. Cohen-Kaminsky, and S. Berrih-Aknin. 1996. Expression of acetylcholine receptor genes in human thymic epithelial cells. Implications for myasthenia gravis. J. Immunol. 157:3752-3760.
    • (1996) J. Immunol. , vol.157 , pp. 3752-3760
    • Wakkach, A.1    Guyon, T.2    Bruand, C.3    Tzartos, S.4    Cohen-Kaminsky, S.5    Berrih-Aknin, S.6
  • 16
    • 0025980694 scopus 로고
    • An acetylcholine receptor α-subunit promoter conferring preferential synaptic expression in muscle of transgenic mice
    • Klarsfeld, A., J.L. Bessereau, A.M. Salmon, A. Triller, C. Babinet, and J.P. Changeux. 1991. An acetylcholine receptor α-subunit promoter conferring preferential synaptic expression in muscle of transgenic mice. EMBO J. 10:625-632.
    • (1991) EMBO J. , vol.10 , pp. 625-632
    • Klarsfeld, A.1    Bessereau, J.L.2    Salmon, A.M.3    Triller, A.4    Babinet, C.5    Changeux, J.P.6
  • 17
    • 0024433686 scopus 로고
    • Interaction of nuclear factors with the upstream region of the a subunit gene of chicken muscle acetylcholine receptor: Variations with muscle differentiation and denervation
    • Piette, J., A. Klarsfeld, and J.P. Changeux. 1989. Interaction of nuclear factors with the upstream region of the a subunit gene of chicken muscle acetylcholine receptor: variations with muscle differentiation and denervation. EMBO (Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.) J. 83:687-694.
    • (1989) EMBO (Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.) J. , vol.83 , pp. 687-694
    • Piette, J.1    Klarsfeld, A.2    Changeux, J.P.3
  • 18
    • 0001305936 scopus 로고
    • Factors affecting the efficiency of introducing foreign DNA into mice by microinjecting eggs
    • Brinster, R.L., Y. Chen, M.E. Trumbauer, M.K. Yagle, and R.D. Palmiter. 1985. Factors affecting the efficiency of introducing foreign DNA into mice by microinjecting eggs. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 82:4488-4492.
    • (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.82 , pp. 4488-4492
    • Brinster, R.L.1    Chen, Y.2    Trumbauer, M.E.3    Yagle, M.K.4    Palmiter, R.D.5
  • 19
    • 0017184389 scopus 로고
    • A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein using the principle of protein-dye binding
    • Bradford, M.M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein using the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal. Biochem. 72:248-254.
    • (1976) Anal. Biochem. , vol.72 , pp. 248-254
    • Bradford, M.M.1
  • 20
    • 0024639093 scopus 로고
    • Optical imaging of the spacial distribution of beta-particles emerging from surfaces
    • Charpak, G., W. Dominic, and N. Zaganidis. 1989. Optical imaging of the spacial distribution of beta-particles emerging from surfaces. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 86:1741-1745.
    • (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.86 , pp. 1741-1745
    • Charpak, G.1    Dominic, W.2    Zaganidis, N.3
  • 22
    • 0016912621 scopus 로고
    • Experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis and myasthenia gravis: Biochemical and immunochemical aspects
    • Lindstrom, J.M., V.A. Lennon, M.E. Seybold, and S. Whittingham. 1976. Experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis and myasthenia gravis: biochemical and immunochemical aspects. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 274:254-274.
    • (1976) Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , vol.274 , pp. 254-274
    • Lindstrom, J.M.1    Lennon, V.A.2    Seybold, M.E.3    Whittingham, S.4
  • 23
    • 0026481278 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of an acetylcholine receptor LacZ transgene by muscle innervation
    • Salmon, A.M., and J.P. Changeux. 1992. Regulation of an acetylcholine receptor LacZ transgene by muscle innervation. NeuroReport. 3:973-976.
    • (1992) NeuroReport , vol.3 , pp. 973-976
    • Salmon, A.M.1    Changeux, J.P.2
  • 24
    • 0022100936 scopus 로고
    • Activity regulates the levels of acetylcholine receptor α-subunit mRNA in cultured chicken myotubes
    • Klarsfeld, A., and J.P. Changeux. 1985. Activity regulates the levels of acetylcholine receptor α-subunit mRNA in cultured chicken myotubes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 82:4558-4562.
    • (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.82 , pp. 4558-4562
    • Klarsfeld, A.1    Changeux, J.P.2
  • 25
    • 0017778351 scopus 로고
    • Thymic epithelial cell contains acetylcholine receptor
    • Engel, W.K., J.L. Trotter, D.E. McFarlin, and C.L. McIntosh. 1977. Thymic epithelial cell contains acetylcholine receptor. Lancet. 1:1310-1311.
    • (1977) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 1310-1311
    • Engel, W.K.1    Trotter, J.L.2    McFarlin, D.E.3    McIntosh, C.L.4
  • 26
    • 0017329788 scopus 로고
    • Thymic muscle cells bear acetylcholine receptors: Possible relation to myasthenia gravis
    • Kao, L. and D.B. Drachman. 1978. Thymic muscle cells bear acetylcholine receptors: possible relation to myasthenia gravis. Science. 195:74-75.
    • (1978) Science , vol.195 , pp. 74-75
    • Kao, L.1    Drachman, D.B.2
  • 27
    • 0018075584 scopus 로고
    • Intrathymic pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis: Transient expression of acetylcholine receptors on thymus-derived myogenic cells
    • Wekerle, H., U.P. Ketelson, A.D. Zurn, and B.W. Fulpius. 1978. Intrathymic pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis: transient expression of acetylcholine receptors on thymus-derived myogenic cells. Eur. J. Immunol. 8:579-582.
    • (1978) Eur. J. Immunol. , vol.8 , pp. 579-582
    • Wekerle, H.1    Ketelson, U.P.2    Zurn, A.D.3    Fulpius, B.W.4
  • 28
    • 0024523455 scopus 로고
    • Proteins with epitopes of the acetylcholine receptor in epithelial cell cultures of thymomas in myasthenia gravis
    • Marx, A., T. Kirchner, F. Hoppe, R. O'Conner, B. Schalke, S. Tzartos, and H.K. Müller-Hermelink. 1989. Proteins with epitopes of the acetylcholine receptor in epithelial cell cultures of thymomas in myasthenia gravis. Am. J. Pathol. 134:865-877.
    • (1989) Am. J. Pathol. , vol.134 , pp. 865-877
    • Marx, A.1    Kirchner, T.2    Hoppe, F.3    O'Conner, R.4    Schalke, B.5    Tzartos, S.6    Müller-Hermelink, H.K.7
  • 30
    • 0024852514 scopus 로고
    • The gene of the α-subunit of the acetylcholine receptor: Molecular organization and transcription in myasthenia-associated thymomas
    • Geuder, K.I.R., R. Schoepfer, T. Kirchner, A. Marx, and H.K. Müller-Hermelink. 1989. The gene of the α-subunit of the acetylcholine receptor: molecular organization and transcription in myasthenia-associated thymomas. Thymus. 14:179-186.
    • (1989) Thymus , vol.14 , pp. 179-186
    • Geuder, K.I.R.1    Schoepfer, R.2    Kirchner, T.3    Marx, A.4    Müller-Hermelink, H.K.5
  • 32
    • 0025815873 scopus 로고
    • Interrelation of peptidergic innervation with mast cells and ED1-positive cells in rat thymus
    • Muller, S., and E. Weihe. 1991. Interrelation of peptidergic innervation with mast cells and ED1-positive cells in rat thymus. Brain Behav. Immun. 5: 55-72.
    • (1991) Brain Behav. Immun. , vol.5 , pp. 55-72
    • Muller, S.1    Weihe, E.2
  • 33
    • 0023077608 scopus 로고
    • Lymphocyte hormone receptors
    • Plaut, M. 1487. Lymphocyte hormone receptors. Ann. Rev. Immunol. 5: 621-669.
    • (1487) Ann. Rev. Immunol. , vol.5 , pp. 621-669
    • Plaut, M.1
  • 35
    • 0024954002 scopus 로고
    • Effects of cholinergic agonists on the proliferation and protein synthesis in a cultured thymic epithelial cell line
    • Tominaga, K., Y. Kinoshita, F. Hato, A. Masuda, and M. Matsuyama. 1984. Effects of cholinergic agonists on the proliferation and protein synthesis in a cultured thymic epithelial cell line. Cell. Mol. Biol. 35:679-686.
    • (1984) Cell. Mol. Biol. , vol.35 , pp. 679-686
    • Tominaga, K.1    Kinoshita, Y.2    Hato, F.3    Masuda, A.4    Matsuyama, M.5
  • 36
    • 0026525550 scopus 로고
    • Choline acetyltransferase activity in murine thymus
    • Tria, M.A., G. Vantini, M.G. Fiori, and A. Rossi. 1992. Choline acetyltransferase activity in murine thymus. J. Neurosci. Res. 31:380-386.
    • (1992) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.31 , pp. 380-386
    • Tria, M.A.1    Vantini, G.2    Fiori, M.G.3    Rossi, A.4
  • 37
    • 0028151819 scopus 로고
    • Negative selection of lymphocytes
    • Nossal, G.J.V. 1994. Negative selection of lymphocytes. Cell. 76:229-239.
    • (1994) Cell , vol.76 , pp. 229-239
    • Nossal, G.J.V.1
  • 38
    • 0023663430 scopus 로고
    • T cell tolerance by clonal elimination in the thymus
    • Kappler, J.W., N. Roehm, and P. Marrack. 1987. T cell tolerance by clonal elimination in the thymus. Cell. 49:273-280.
    • (1987) Cell , vol.49 , pp. 273-280
    • Kappler, J.W.1    Roehm, N.2    Marrack, P.3
  • 39
    • 0023900635 scopus 로고
    • Tolerance in T-cell-receptor transgenic mice involves deletion of nonmature CD4+8+ thymocytes
    • Kisielow, P., H. Blüthmann, U.D. Staerz, M. Steinmetz, and H. Von Boehmer. 1988. Tolerance in T-cell-receptor transgenic mice involves deletion of nonmature CD4+8+ thymocytes. Nature. 333:742-746.
    • (1988) Nature , vol.333 , pp. 742-746
    • Kisielow, P.1    Blüthmann, H.2    Staerz, U.D.3    Steinmetz, M.4    Von Boehmer, H.5
  • 40
    • 0025092964 scopus 로고
    • Induction of donor-specific unresponsiveness by intrathymic islet transplantation
    • Posselt, A.M., C.F. Barker, J.E. Tomaszewski, J.F. Markmann, M.A. Choti, and A. Naji. 1990. Induction of donor-specific unresponsiveness by intrathymic islet transplantation. Science. 249:1293-1295.
    • (1990) Science , vol.249 , pp. 1293-1295
    • Posselt, A.M.1    Barker, C.F.2    Tomaszewski, J.E.3    Markmann, J.F.4    Choti, M.A.5    Naji, A.6
  • 41
    • 0026100948 scopus 로고
    • Kidney graft survival in rats without immunosuppressants after intrathymic glomerular transplantation
    • Remuzzi, G., M. Rossini, O. Imberti, and N. Perico. 1991. Kidney graft survival in rats without immunosuppressants after intrathymic glomerular transplantation. Lancet. 337:750-752.
    • (1991) Lancet , vol.337 , pp. 750-752
    • Remuzzi, G.1    Rossini, M.2    Imberti, O.3    Perico, N.4
  • 43
    • 0027968081 scopus 로고
    • Escape of thymocytes and mature T cells from clonal deletion due to limiting tolerogen expression levels
    • Oehen, S.U., P.S. Ohashi, K. Bürki, H. Hengartner, R.M. Zinkernagel, and P. Aichele. 1994. Escape of thymocytes and mature T cells from clonal deletion due to limiting tolerogen expression levels. Cell. Immunol. 158:342-352.
    • (1994) Cell. Immunol. , vol.158 , pp. 342-352
    • Oehen, S.U.1    Ohashi, P.S.2    Bürki, K.3    Hengartner, H.4    Zinkernagel, R.M.5    Aichele, P.6
  • 46
    • 0029558146 scopus 로고
    • "Split tolerance" induction by intrathymic injection of acetylcholine receptor in a rat model of autoimmune myasthenia gravis; implications for the design of specific immunotherapies
    • Ohtsuru, I., H. Matsuo, T. Fukudome, A. Suenaga, M. Tsujihata, and S. Nagataki. 1995. "Split tolerance" induction by intrathymic injection of acetylcholine receptor in a rat model of autoimmune myasthenia gravis; implications for the design of specific immunotherapies. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 102:462-467.
    • (1995) Clin. Exp. Immunol. , vol.102 , pp. 462-467
    • Ohtsuru, I.1    Matsuo, H.2    Fukudome, T.3    Suenaga, A.4    Tsujihata, M.5    Nagataki, S.6
  • 47
    • 0028207219 scopus 로고
    • Oral tolerance in humans. T cell but not B cell tolerance after antigen feeding
    • Husby, S., J. Mestecky, Z. Moldoneanu, S. Holland, and C.O. Elson. 1994. Oral tolerance in humans. T cell but not B cell tolerance after antigen feeding. J. Immunol. 152:4663.
    • (1994) J. Immunol. , vol.152 , pp. 4663
    • Husby, S.1    Mestecky, J.2    Moldoneanu, Z.3    Holland, S.4    Elson, C.O.5
  • 48
    • 0030002897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neonatal peptide exposure can prime T cells and, upon subsequent immunization, induce their immune deviation: Implications for antibody vs. T cell-mediated autoimmunity
    • Singh, R.R., B.H. Hahn, and E.E. Sercarz. 1996. Neonatal peptide exposure can prime T cells and, upon subsequent immunization, induce their immune deviation: implications for antibody vs. T cell-mediated autoimmunity. J. Exp. Med. 183:1613-1621.
    • (1996) J. Exp. Med. , vol.183 , pp. 1613-1621
    • Singh, R.R.1    Hahn, B.H.2    Sercarz, E.E.3
  • 49
    • 0025828415 scopus 로고
    • The dominant self and the cryptic self: Shaping the autoreactive T-cell repertoire
    • Gammon, G., E.E. Sercarz, and G. Benichou. 1991. The dominant self and the cryptic self: shaping the autoreactive T-cell repertoire. Immunol. Today. 12:193-195.
    • (1991) Immunol. Today , vol.12 , pp. 193-195
    • Gammon, G.1    Sercarz, E.E.2    Benichou, G.3
  • 51
    • 18244421874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The insulin gene is transcribed in the human thymus and transcription levels correlate with allelic variation at the INS VNTR-IDDM2 susceptibility locus for type 1 diabetes
    • Pugliese, A., M. Zeller, A. Fernandez, L.J. Zalcberg, R.J. Bartlett, C. Ricordi, M. Pietropaolo, G.S. Eisenbarth, S.T. Bennett, and D.D. Patel. 1997. The insulin gene is transcribed in the human thymus and transcription levels correlate with allelic variation at the INS VNTR-IDDM2 susceptibility locus for type 1 diabetes. Nat. Genet. 15:293-297.
    • (1997) Nat. Genet. , vol.15 , pp. 293-297
    • Pugliese, A.1    Zeller, M.2    Fernandez, A.3    Zalcberg, L.J.4    Bartlett, R.J.5    Ricordi, C.6    Pietropaolo, M.7    Eisenbarth, G.S.8    Bennett, S.T.9    Patel, D.D.10
  • 52
    • 0031255108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thymic expression of autoantigens correlates with resistance to autoimmune disease
    • Egwuagu, C.E., P. Charukamnoetkanok, and I. Gery. 1997. Thymic expression of autoantigens correlates with resistance to autoimmune disease. J. Immunol 159:3109-3112.
    • (1997) J. Immunol. , vol.159 , pp. 3109-3112
    • Egwuagu, C.E.1    Charukamnoetkanok, P.2    Gery, I.3
  • 53
    • 0027415254 scopus 로고
    • Pathogenic autoimmunity to affinity-purified mouse acetylcholine receptor induced without adjuvant in BALB/c mice
    • Jermy, A., D. Beeson, and A. Vincent. 1993. Pathogenic autoimmunity to affinity-purified mouse acetylcholine receptor induced without adjuvant in BALB/c mice. Eur. J. Immunol. 23:973-976.
    • (1993) Eur. J. Immunol. , vol.23 , pp. 973-976
    • Jermy, A.1    Beeson, D.2    Vincent, A.3
  • 55
    • 0018137256 scopus 로고
    • Binding of iodine 125 α-bungarotoxin to the thymus of mice
    • Ohshima, F., K. Kondo, and T. Tsubaki. 1978. Binding of iodine 125 α-bungarotoxin to the thymus of mice. Arch. Neurol. 35:31-32.
    • (1978) Arch. Neurol. , vol.35 , pp. 31-32
    • Ohshima, F.1    Kondo, K.2    Tsubaki, T.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.