Water scarcity in Kitulwatte: the social causes and consequences of environmental degradation in a highland Uva village of Sri Lanka

World Development

Volumn 26, Issue 6, 1998, Pages 913-932

  Starkloff, Ralf ^a  

^a SABARAGAMUWA UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKA   (Sri Lanka)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LAND DEGRADATION; RESOURCES COMPETITION; RURAL DEVELOPMENT; WATER SCARCITY;

SRI LANKA;

EID: 0032101483     PISSN: 0305750X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0305-750X(98)00026-6     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. ARTI (Agricultural Research and Training Institute) (1993) Agrarian Data Bank. ARTI, Colombo.
2. Baker, S. ([1855] 1983) Eight Years in Ceylon. Tisara Prakasakayo, Dehiwala.
3. Bandaratilake, H. M. (1988) Development of pine plantations in Sri Lanka. In Reforestation With Pinus in Sri Lanka, eds. H. P. M. Gunasena, S. Gunatilleke and A. H. Perera, pp. 10-18. Gunasena, Peradeniya.
4. Bandyopadhyay, J. (1988) The ecology of drought and water scarcity. The Ecologist 18(2), 88-95.
5. Bharatie, K. P. (1990) Administration Report of the Conservator of Forests Sri Lanka for the Year 1990. Forest Department of Sri Lanka, Battaramulla.
6. Bruijnzeel, P. S. (1986) Environmental impacts of deforestation in the humid tropics. A watershed perspective. Wallaceana 46, 3-13.
7. Calder, I. R. (1991) Sri Lanka Link Programme Hydrology Component. Draft Tour Report, Project Report No. ODG 90/14. Institute of Hydrology, Wallingford.
8. Davy, J. ([1821] 1983) An Account of the Interior of Ceylon And of its Inhabitants with Travels in that Island. Tisara Prakasakayo, Dehiwala.
9. Department of Census and Statistics (1891-1931) The Census of Ceylon, Town and Village Statistics. Department of Census and Statistics. Colombo.
10. Department of Census and Statistics (1980) Census Prelisting. Department of Census and Statistics, Colombo.
11. Department of Meteorology (1971-91) Rainfall data for the Dyraaba Estate, Diyatalawa and Bandarawela Rainfall Recording Stations. Department of Meteorology, Colombo.
12. deRosayro, R. A. (1945) The Montane Grasslands (Patanas) of Ceylon: An ecological study with reference to afforestation, Part I. The Tropical Agriculturalist 101, 206-213.
13. deRosayro, R. A. (1946) The Montane Grasslands (Patanas) of Ceylon: An ecological study with reference to afforestation, Parts II-IV. The Tropical Agriculturalist 102, 4-17, 81-94, 139-148.
14. Domrös, M. (1971) The rainfall pattern of the Uva Basin in Ceylon. The Ceylon Geographer 25, 1-4.
15. Duffey, E., Morris, M. G., Sheail, J., Ward, L. K., Wells, D. A. and Wells, T. C. E. (1974) Grassland Ecology and Wildlife Management. London.
16. ECE (Economic Commission For Europe) (1989) Ecosystems approach to water management. ENVWA/WP.3/R.7/Rev.1, United Nations Economic and Social Council, Brussels.
17. ECE (Economic Commission For Europe) (1992) Guidelines on the ecosystems approach in water management (Preliminary draft). ENVWA/ WP.3/R.28, United Nations Economic and Social Council, Brussels.
18. Falkenmark, M. and Chapman, T. (eds.) (1989) Comparative Hydrology. UNESCO, Paris.
19. Falkenmark, M. and Lundqvist, J. (1992) Coping with multicause environmental challenges - a water perspective on development. Paper prepared for the International Conference on Water and the Environment, Dublin, January 26-31.
20. Forest Department of Ceylon (1961) Editorial: The value of research in forestry. The Ceylon Forester, 5 (1, 2), 3-5.
21. Forest Department of Sri Lanka (1991a) Survey of plantations. Haputale Range, Diyatalawa Beat, Block 1, Forest Department, Battaramulla.
22. Forest Department of Sri Lanka (1991b) 1:20,000 plantation sketch map, Badulla District, Sheet No. 370. Forest Department, Battaramulla.
23. Hamilton, L. S. (ed.) (1983) Tropical Forested Watersheds: Hydrologic and Soils Response to Major Uses or Conversions. Westview Press, Boulder, CO.
24. Holmes, G. H. (1951) The grass, fern and savannah lands of Ceylon, their nature and ecological significance. Paper 28, Imperial Forestry Institute, London.
25. Jaakko Poeyry (1986) Forestry Masterplan for Sri Lanka. Main Report. Helsinki.
26. Jayal, N. D. (1985) Emerging pattern of the crisis water resource conservation. In India's Environment: Crisis and Responses, eds. J. Bandyopadhyay, N. D. Jayal, U. Schoettli and C. Singh, pp. 178-190. Natraj Publishers, Dehradun.
27. Kitulwatte Udagama Household Survey (1991) Author please supply details.
28. Kitulwatte Village Survey (1990) Files of the Divisional Secretariat, Bandarawela.
29. Kitulwatte Village Survey (1992) Files of the Divisional Secretariat, Bandarawela.
30. Knox, R. ([1681] 1989) An Historical Relation of the Island Ceylon. Tisara Prakasakayo, Dehiwala.
31. Kovacs, G. Zuidema, F. and Marsalek, J. (1989) Human interventions in the terrestrial water cycle. In Comparative hydrology, eds. M. Falkenmark and T. Chapman, pp. 105-130. UNESCO, Paris.
32. Meyer, E. (1983) The plantation system and village structure in British Ceylon: Involution or evolution? In Rural South Asia: Linkeages, Change and Development, ed. P. Robb. Curzon Press, London.
33. Meyer, E. (1992) From landgrabbing to landhunger: High land appropriation in the plantation areas of Sri Lanka during the British Period. Modern Asian Studies 26(2), 321-361.
34. Morrison, B. M. (1979) Seeking livelihood in a Kandyan village. In The Disintegrating Village: Social Change in Rural Sri Lanka, eds. B. Morrison, M. P. Moore and M. U. Ishak Lebbe, pp. 71-113. Lakehouse. Colombo.
35. O'Connor, M. (1989) Co-dependency and indeterminacy: A critique of the theory of production. Capitalism, Nature, Socialism 3, 33-57.
36. Oyebanda, L. and Balek, J. (1989) Humid warm sloping land. In Comparative Hydrology, eds. M. Falkenmark and T. Chapman, pp. 224-273. UNESCO, Paris.
37. Pemadasa. M. A. (1984) Grasslands. In Ecology and Biogeography in Sri Lanka, ed, C. H. Fernando, pp. 99-131. The Hague.
38. Perera, A. (1988) Ecological issues on pines in Sri Lanka. In Reforestation With Pinus in Sri Lanka, eds. H. P. M. Gunasena, S. Gunatilleke and A. H. Perera, pp. 56-60. Gunasena, Peradeniya.
39. Perera, W. R. H. (1988) History of Pinus plantations in Sri Lanka. In Reforestation With Pinus in Sri Lanka, eds. H. P. M. Gunasena, S. Gunatilleke and A. H. Perera, pp. 6-9. Gunasena, Peradeniya.
40. Schweinfurth, U. (1982) The Uva Basin in Ceylon: Ecological set-up and evaluation. Climatological Notes, 30. Tsukuba, Japan.
41. Shiva, V. (1987) Forestry myths and the World Bank. The Ecologist 17(4/5), 142-149.
42. Shiva, V. (1988) Staying Alive: Women, Ecology and Development. Zed Books, London.
43. Starkloff, R. (1995) "No Water!" Socio-ecological transformations in an Uva Basin Village in Sri Lanka. PhD dissertation, Brandeis University.
44. Starkloff, R. (1996) Participatory discourse and practice in a water resource crisis in Sri Lanka. In Assessing Participation - A Debate From South Asia, eds. S. Bastian and N. Bastian, pp. 93-134. Konark Publishers, Delhi.
45. Starkloff, R. (1998) Industrial forestry and resource conflict: The discourse on pine plantations in Sri Lanka. Sabaragamuwa University Journal 1(1), 93-116.
46. Tennant, J. E. ([1860] 1977) Ceylon. An Account of the Island, Physical, Historical and Topographical. Tisara Prakasakayo, Dehiwala.
47. Survey Department of Sri Lanka (1954) Aerial Photographs 54/13/51 and 52. Colombo.
48. Survey Department of Sri Lanka (1976) Nuwara Eliya One Inch to One Mile Map. Colombo.
49. Survey Department of Sri Lanka (1988) Aerial Photographs 8894/8895. Colombo.
50. Waterloo, M. J. (1994) Water and nutrient dynamics of Pinus Caribaea plantation forests on former grassland soils in Southwest Viti Levu, Fiji. Koninklijke Bibliotheek, Den Haag.
51. WCED (World Commission on Environment and Development) (1987) Our Common Future. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
52. Withanage, S. (1991) Towards Legal Protection of Tropical Forests. SLEC-EPI Publication, Dehiwala.