Volcanic and anthropogenic contributions to global weathering budgets

Journal of Geochemical Exploration

Volumn 62, Issue 1-3, 1998, Pages 149-159

  Varekamp, J C ^a   Thomas, E ^a,b  

^a WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b YALE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Carbon dioxide; Chemical weathering; Degassing; Greenhouse effect; Paleoatmosphere

Indexed keywords

CARBON DIOXIDE; DEGASSING; GREENHOUSE EFFECT; PH EFFECTS; SILICA; SULFUR DIOXIDE;

CHEMICAL WEATHERING; PALEOATMOSPHERE; VOLCANIC ACID FLUXES;

GEOCHEMISTRY;

EID: 0032090738     PISSN: 03756742     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0375-6742(97)00064-2     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. 2 from Mount Etna. Nature 1351, 387-391.
2. Anderson, S.P., Drever, J.I., Humphrey, N., 1997. Chemical weathering in glacial environments. Geology 25, 399-402.
3. 2 ratio of southern hemisphere air, 1991-1994: implications for the carbon cycle. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 10, 9-21.
4. 4 climate connection. In: Moore, B., Schimmel, D. (Eds.), Trace Gases and the Biosphere. UCAR Office for Interdisciplinary Earth Studies, Boulder, CO (USA), pp. 13-40.
5. Berner, E.K., Berner, R.A., 1996. Global Environment: Water, Air and Geochemical Cycles. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 376 pp.
6. 2 over Phanerozoic time. Am. J. Sci. 291, 339-376.
7. 2: importance of solar radiation and plant evolution. Science 261, 68-70.
8. 2 over Phanerozoic time. Am. J. Sci. 294, 56-91.
9. 2 and climate. Rev. Mineral. 31, 565-583.
10. Berner, R.A., Rye, D.M., 1992. Calculation of the Phanerozoic Strontium isotope record of the oceans from a carbon cycle model. Am. J. Sci. 292, 136-148.
11. Berner, R.A., Lasaga, A.C., Garrels, R.M., 1983. The carbonatesilicate geochemical cycle and its effect on atmospheric carbon dioxide over the past 100 million years. Am. J. Sci. 283, 641-683.
12. Blum, A.E., Stillings, L.L., 1995. Feldspar dissolution kinetics. Rev. Mineral. 31, 291-351.
13. Bluth, G.J.S., Kump, L.R., 1994. Lithologic and climatologic controls on river chemistry. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 58, 2341-2359.
14. Bluth, G.J.S., Schnetzler, C.C., Krueger, A.J., Walter, L.S., 1993. The contribution of explosive volcanism to global atmospheric sulphur dioxide concentrations. Nature 366, 327-329.
15. Brantley, S.L., Koepenick, K.W., 1995. Measured carbon dioxide emissions from Oldoinyo Lengai and the skewed distribution of passive volcanic fluxes. Geology 23, 933-936.
16. 2 change? In: Heimann, M. (Ed.), The Global Carbon Cycle. NATO-ASI Series I, 15, Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 95-115.
17. Charlson, R.J., Andersen, T.L., McDuff, R.E., 1992. The Sulfur Cycle. In: Butcher, S.S., Charlson, R.J., Orians, G.H., Wolfe, G.V. (Eds.), Global Biogeochemical Cycles. Academic Press, New York, pp. 285-300.
18. Clausen, H.B., Hammer, C.U., Christensen, J., Schøtt Hvidberg, C., Dahl-Jensen, D., Legrand, M., Steffenson, J.P., 1995. 1250 years of global volcanism as revealed by central Greenland ice cores. In: Delmas, R.J. (Ed.), Ice Core Studies of Biogeochemical Cycles. NATO-ASI Series I, 30, Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 175-194.
19. 2) from Mount Etna as indicators of degassing of shallow asthenosphere. Bull. Volcanol. 58, 455458.
20. Drever, J., 1988. The Geochemistry of Natural Waters. PrenticeHall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 436 pp.
21. Edmond, J.M., 1992. Himalayan tectonics, weathering processes, and the strontium isotope record in marine limestones. Science 258, 1594-1597.
22. Edmond, J.M., Palmer, M.R., Measures, C.I., Grant, B., Stallard, R.F., 1995. The fluvial geochemistry and denudation rate of the Guyana Shield in Venezuela, Colombia and Brazil. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 16, 3301-3325.
23. Elderfield, H.E., 1986. Strontium isotope stratigraphy. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 57, 71-90.
24. Fisher, R.V., Schmincke, H.-U., 1984. Pyroclastic Rocks. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 472 pp.
25. Fournier, R.O., 1970. Silica in thermal waters: laboratory and field investigations. In: Proc. Symp. Hydrogeochemistry and Biogeochemistry, Vol. 1. Clark Co., Washington D.C., pp. 122-140.
26. Fournier, R.O., Rowe, J.J., 1966. Estimation of underground temperatures from the silica content of water from hot springs and wet-steam wells. Am. J. Sci. 264, 685-697.
27. 86Sr isotopic ration of sea water. Am. J. Sci. 292, 81-135.
28. Francois, L.M., Walker, J.C.G., Opdyke, B.N., 1992. The history of global weathering and the chemical evolution of the ocean-atmosphere system. In: Takahashi E., Jeanloz, R. (Eds.), Chemical Evolution of the Earth and Planets. Am. Geophys. Union, pp. 1-17.
29. Froehlich, P.N., Blanc, V., Mortlock, R.A., Chillrud, S.N., 1992. River fluxes of dissolved Silica to the oceans were higher during glacials: Ge/Si in diatoms, rivers and oceans. Paleoceanography 7, 739-767.
30. Garreis, R.M., 1967. Genesis of some ground waters from igneous rocks. In: Abelson, P.H. (Ed.), Researches in Geochemistry. John Wiley and Sons, New York, p. 412.
31. Garrels, R.M., MacKenzie, F.T., 1967. Origins of the chemical composition of some springs and lakes. In: Equilibrium Concepts in Natural Water Systems. Am. Chem. Soc. Adv. Chem. Ser. 67, 222-232.
32. 2 emissions from volcanoes. EOS, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union 72: 249-255.
33. Gibbs, M.T., Kump, L.R., 1994. Global chemical erosion during the last glacial maximum and the present: sensitivity to changes in lithology and hydrology. Paleoceanography 9, 529-543.
34. Hess, J., Bender, M.L., Schilling, J.-G., 1986. Evolution of the rate of strontium-87 to strontium-86 in sea water from the Cretaceous to Present. Science 231, 979-984.
35. Holland, H.D., 1984. The Evolution of the Atmosphere and Oceans. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J., 582 pp.
36. Holmen, K., 1992. The global carbon cycle. In: Butcher, S.S., Charlson, R.J., Orians, G.H., Wolfe, G.V. (Eds.), Global Biogeochemical Cycles. Academic Press, New York, pp. 239262.
37. Houghton, J.T., Meira Filho, L.G., Callander, B.A., Harris, N., Kattenberg, A., Maskell, K., 1996. Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group I to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 572 pp.
38. Imbrie, J., Imbrie, K.P., 1979. Ice Ages: Solving the Mystery. Enslow Publ., Garden City, N.J., p. 113.
39. Koepenick, K.W., Brantley, S.L., Thompson, J.M., Rowe, G.L., Nyblade, A.A., Moshy, C., 1996. Volatile emissions from the crater and flank of Oldoinyo Lengai volcano, Tanzania. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 13819-13830.
40. LeGrand, M., 1995. Sulphur-derived species in polar ice: a review. In: Delmas, R.J. (Ed.), Ice Core Studies of Global Biogeochemical Cycles. NATO-ASI Ser. I, 30, pp. 91-119.
41. Lorius, C., Jouzel, J., Raynaud, D., 1992. The ice core record: past archive of the climate and signpost to the future. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London 338, 227-234.
42. MacKenzie, F.T., Ver, L.M., Sabine, C., Lane, M., Lerman, A., 1993. C, N, P, S biogeochemical cycles and modeling of global change. In: Wollast, R., MacKenzie, F.T., Chou, L. (Eds.), Interactions of C, N, P, S Biogeochemical Cycles and Global Change. NATO-ASI Ser. I, 4, pp. 1-61.
43. MacKinnon, I.D.R., Gooding, J.L., McKay, D.S., Clanton, U.S., 1984. The El Chichon stratospheric cloud: solid particulates and settling rates. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 23, 125-146.
44. Mayewski, P.A., Meeker, L.D., Whitlow, S., Twickler, M.S., Morrison, M.C., Bloomfield, P., Bond, G.C., Alley, R.B., Gow, A.J., Grootes, P.M., Meese, D.A., Ram, M., Taylor, K.C., Wumkes, W., 1994. Changes in atmospheric circulation and ocean ice cover over the North Atlantic during the last 41,000 years. Science 263, 1747-1751.
45. Meybeck, M., 1987. Global chemical weathering of surficial rocks estimated from river dissolved loads. Am. J. Sci. 287, 401 -428.
46. Molnar, P., England, P., Marinod, J., 1993. Mantle dynamics, uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, and the Indian Monsoon. Rev. Geophys. 31, 357-396.
47. Raymo, M.E., 1991. Geochemical evidence supporting T.C. Chamberlin's theory of glaciation. Geology 19, 344-347.
48. Raymo, M.E., Ruddiman, W.F., 1992. Tectonic forcing of late Cenozoic climate. Nature 359, 117-122.
49. Raynaud, D., Barnola, J.M., Chapellaz, J., Zardini, D., Jouzel, J., Lorius, C., 1992. Glacial-interglacial evolution of greenhouse gases as inferred from ice core analysis: a review of recent results. Quat. Sci. Rev. 11, 381-386.
50. Richter, P.M., Turekian, K.K., 1993. Simple models for the geochemical response of the ocean to climatic and tectonic forcing. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 199, 121-131.
51. Rose, W.I. Jr., 1977. Scavenging of volcanic aerosol by ash: atmospheric and volcanologic implications. Geology 5, 621624.
52. Rowe, G.L., Brantley, S.L., 1993. Estimation of the dissolution rates of andesitic glass, plagioclase and pyroxene in a flank aquifer of Poas Volcano, Costa Rica. Chem. Geol. 105, 71-87.
53. Rowe, G.L., Varekamp, J.C., 1993. Solicitations for comments, suggestions and data contributions to the IWGCL volcanic lake database from IWGCL members. IWGCL Newsl. 6, 56-61.
54. 2 drawdown in a glaciercovered alpine catchment. Geology 23, 61-64.
55. Shemesh, A., Mortlock, R.A., Froehlich, P., 1989. Late Cenozoic Ge/Si record of marine biogenic opal: implications for variations of riverine fluxes to the ocean. Paleoceanography 4, 221-234.
56. Sloan, L.C., Bluth, G.J.S., Filipelli, G.M., 1997. A comparison of spatially resolved and global mean reconstructions of continental denudation under ice-free and present conditions. Paleoceanography 12, 147-160.
57. Stoiber, R.E., Williams, S.N., Huebert, B.J., 1987. Annual contribution of sulphur dioxide to the atmosphere by volcanoes. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 33, 1-8.
58. Symonds, R.B., Rose, W.I., Bluth, G.J.S., Gerlach, T.M., 1994. Volcanic-gas studies: methods, results, and applications. Rev. Mineral. 30, 1-66.
59. Taylor, A., Blum, J.D., 1995. Relation between soil age and silicate weathering rates determined from the chemical evolution of a glacial chronosequence. Geology 23, 979-982.
60. Varekamp, J.C., Luhr, J.F., 1996. Volatile element budgets of explosive eruptions: contributions from volatiles absorbed on ashes. Abstract Chapman Conference, Crater Lake (OR), 4-9 Sept. 1996.
61. Varekamp, J.C., Luhr, J.F., Prestegaard, K., 1984. The 1982 eruptions of El Chichon volcano (Chiapas, Mexico): character of the eruptions, ash-fall deposits, and gas phase. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 23, 39-68.
62. Varekamp, J.C., Thomas, E., German!, M.S., Buseck, P.R., 1986. Particle geochemistry of volcanic plumes of Etna and Mount St. Helens. J. Geophys. Res. 91, 12233-12248.
63. Varekamp, J.C., Kreulen, R., Poorter, R.P.E., van Bergen, M.J., 1992. Carbon sources in arc volcanism, with implications for the carbon cycle. Terra Nova 4, 373-373.
64. 2 and global greenhouse warming?. Geology 21, 1059-1062.
65. Volk, T., 1989. Rise of angiosperms as a factor in long-term cooling. Geology 17, 107-110.
66. Williams, S.N., Schaefer, S.J., Calvache, M.L., Lopez, D., 1992. Global carbon dioxide emission to the atmosphere by volcanoes. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 56, 1765-1770.
67. Yung, Y.L., Lee, T., Wang, C.-H., Shieh, Y.-T., 1996. Dust: a diagnostic of the hydrologic cycle during the last glacial maximum. Science 271, 962-963.
68. Zielinski, O.A., Mayewski, P.A., Meeker, L.D., Whitlow, S., Twickler, M.S., Morrison, M., Meese, D.A., Gow, A.J., Alley, R.B., 1994. Record of volcanism since 7000 BC. from the GISP2 ice core and implications for the volcano-climate system. Science 264, 948-952.