Long-term effects of orthodontic magnets on human buccal mucosa - A clinical, histological and immunohistochemical study

European Journal of Orthodontics

Volumn 20, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 211-218

  Bondemark, Lars ^a,c   Kurol, Jüri ^b   Larsson, Åke ^b  

^a Orthodontic Clinic   (Sweden)

^b MALMÖ UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^c Orthodontie Clinic   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ENDOTHELIAL LEUKOCYTE ADHESION MOLECULE 1; HLA DR ANTIGEN; INTERCELLULAR ADHESION MOLECULE 1;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; INJURY; MAGNETISM; MALE; MOUTH MUCOSA; ORTHODONTIC DEVICE; PATHOLOGY;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; E-SELECTIN; FEMALE; HLA-DR ANTIGENS; HUMANS; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; INTERCELLULAR ADHESION MOLECULE-1; MAGNETICS; MALE; MOUTH MUCOSA; ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES;

EID: 0032088809     PISSN: 01415387     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ejo/20.3.211     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Blechman A 1985 Magnetic force systems in orthodontics. American Journal of Orthodontics 87: 201-210
2. Bondemark L, Kurol J 1992 Distalization of maxillary first and second molars simultaneously with repelling magnets. European Journal of Orthodontics 14: 264-272
3. Bondemark L, Kurol J, Wennberg A 1994 Orthodontic rare earth magnets - In vitro assessment of cytotoxicity. British Journal of Orthodontics 21: 335-341
4. Bondemark L, Kurol J, Wisten Å 1995 Extent and flux density of static magnetic fields generated by orthodontic samarium-cobalt magnets. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 107: 488-496
5. Camilleri S, McDonald F 1993 Static magnetic field effects on the sagittal suture in Rattus Norvegicus. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 103: 240-246
6. Darendeliler M A, Joho J P 1993 Magnetic activator device II (MAD II) for correction of Class II, division 1 malocclusions. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 103: 223-239
7. Dellinger E L 1986 A clinical assessment of the active vertical corrector - A non-surgical alternative for skeletal open bite treatment. American Journal of Orthodontics 89: 428-436
8. Donohue V, McDonald F, Evans R 1995 In vitro cytotoxicity testing of neodymium iron boron magnets. Journal of Applied Biomaterials 6: 69-74
9. Gemmell E, Walsh L J, Savage N W 1994 Adhesion molecule expression in chronic inflammatory periodontal disease tissue. Journal of Periodontal Research 29: 46-53
10. International Non-Ionizing Radiation Committee of the International Radiation Protection Association (IRPA/ INIRC) 1991 Guidelines. Protection of the patient undergoing a magnetic resonance examination. Health Physics 61: 923-928
11. Keelan E, Haskard D O 1992 CAMs and anti-CAMs. The clinical potential of cell adhesion molecules. Journal of the Royal College of Physicians 26: 17-24
12. Kupper T S, Groves R W 1995 The interleukin-1 axis and cutaneous inflammation. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 105: 62S-66S
13. MacKenzie I C 1980 Spatial organisation and tissue architecture in normal epithelia. In: MacKenzie I C, Dabelsteen E, Squier C A (eds) Oral premalignancy. University of Iowa Press, pp. 220-241
14. Nickoloff B J, Turka L A 1994 Immunological functions of non-professional antigen-presenting cells: new insights from studies of T-cell interactions with keratinocytes. Immunology Today 15: 462-469
15. Nylander K, Danielsen B, Fejerskov O 1993 Expression of the endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (ELAM-1) on endothelial cells in experimental gingivitis in humans. Journal of Periodontology 64: 355-357
16. Picker L J, Kishimito T K, Smith C W 1991 ELAM-1 is an adhesion molecule for skin-homing T cells. Nature 349: 796-799
17. Repacholi M H 1985 Health risk assessment of static and ELF electric and magnetic fields. In: Grandolfo M, Michaelson S M, Rindi A (eds) Biological effects and dosimetry of static and ELF electromagnetic fields. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 635-665
18. Sandier P J et al. 1989 Magnets and orthodontics. British Journal of Orthodontics 16: 243-249
19. Shimizu Y, Shaw S, Graber N 1991 Activation-independent binding of human memory T cells to adhesion molecule ELAM-1. Nature 349: 799-802.
20. Tonetti M, Gerber L, Lang N P 1994 Vascular adhesion molecules and initial development of inflammation in clinically healthy human keratinized mucosa around teeth and osseointegrated implants. Journal of Periodontal Research 29: 386-392
21. United Nations Environment Programme/World Health Organization/International Radiation Protection Association. (UNEP/WHO/IRPA) 1987 Environmental Health Criteria No 69. Magnetic Fields. Geneva, pp. 13-85
22. Vardimon A, Mueller A 1985 In vitro and in vivo corrosion of permanent magnets in orthodontic therapy. Journal of Dental Research 65: 184 (Abstract)
23. Vardimon A, Graber T M, Drescher D, Bourauel C 1991 Rare earth magnets and impaction. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 100: 494-512