Evidence for phenotypic plasticity in snake body size and relative head dimensions in response to amount and size of prey

Copeia

Volumn , Issue 2, 1998, Pages 423-429

  Queral Regil, Alejandro ^a   King, Richard B ^a  

^a NORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BODY SIZE; HEAD SIZE; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; WATER SNAKE;

CYPRINIFORMES; NERODIA SIPEDON; PHOXINUS PHOXINUS; SERPENTES;

EID: 0032079742     PISSN: 00458511     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/1447436     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. ARNOLD, S. J., AND C. R. PETERSON. 1989. A test for temperature effects on the ontogeny of shape in the garter snake Thamnophis sirtalis. Phys. Zool. 62: 1316-1333.
2. BARNETT, B., AND T. D. SCHWANER. 1985. Growth in captive born tiger snakes (Notechis ater serventyi) from Chappell Island: implications for field and laboratory studies. Trans. R. Soc. S. Aust. 109:31-36.
3. BENTON, M. J. 1980. Geographic variation in the garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis) of the north-central United States, a multivariate study. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 68:307-323.
4. CAMILLERI, C., AND R. SHINE. 1990. Sexual dimorphism and dietary divergence: differences in trophic morphology between male and female snakes. Copeia 1990:649-658.
5. CREWS, D., M. A. DIAMOND, J. WHITTIER, AND R. MASON. 1985. Small body size in garter snake depends on testes. Am. J. Physiol. 249:R62-R66.
6. DARWIN, C. 1871. The descent of man and selection in relation to sex. 2d. ed. John Murray, London.
7. DAY, T., J. PRITCHARD, AND D. SCHUTER. 1994. A comparison of two sticklebacks. Evolution 48:1723-1734.
8. EMERSON, S. B., AND D. M. BRAMBLE. 1993. Scaling, allometry, and skull design, p. 384-421. In: The skull. J. Hanken and B. K. Hall (eds.). Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago.
9. FITCH, H. S. 1981. Sexual size differences in reptiles. Univ. Kans. Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist. Misc. Publ. 70:1-72.
10. FORSMAN, A. 1991. Adaptive variation in head size in Viptra berus L. populations. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 43: 281-296.
11. _. 1996. An experimental test for food effects on head size allometry in juvenile snakes. Evolution 50:2536-2542.
12. _, AND L. E. LINDELL. 1993. The advantage of a big head: swallowing performance in adders, Vipera berus. Fund. Ecol. 7:183-189.
13. _, AND R. SHINE. 1997. Rejection of non-adaptive hypotheses for intraspecific variation in trophic morphology in gape-limited predators. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 62:209-223.
14. GREGORY, P. T., AND C. J. PRELYPCHAN. 1994. Analysis of variance of first-year growth in captive garter snakes (Thamnophis elegans) by family and sex. J. Zool. Lond. 232:313-322.
15. GRUDZIEN, T. A., B. J. HUEBNER, A. CVETOVIC, AND G. R. JOSWIAK. 1992. Multivariate analysis of head shape in Thamnophis s. sirtalis (Serpentes: Colubridae) among island and mainland populations from northeastern Lake Michigan. Am. Mid. Nat. 127: 339-347.
16. KING, R. B. 1989. Body size variation among island and mainland snake populations. Herpetologica 45:84-88.
17. _. 1997. Variation in brown snake (Storeria dekayi) morphology and scalation: sex, family, and microgeographic differences. J. Herp. 31:335-346.
18. LESSELLS, C. M., AND P. T. BOAG. 1987. Unrepeatable repeatabilities: a common mistake. Auk 104:116-121.
19. MADSEN, T., AND R. SHINE. 1993. Phenotypic plasticity in body sizes and sexual size dimorphism in European grass snakes. Evolution 47:321-325.
20. MEYER, A. 1987. Phenotypic plasticity and heterochrony in Cichlasoma managuense (Pisces, Cichlidae) and their implications for speciation in cichlid fishes. Ibid. 41:1357-1369.
21. MOORE, W. J. 1965. Masticatory function and skull growth. J. Zool. 146:123-131.
22. MYERS, P., B. L. LUNDRIGAN, B. W. GILLESPIE, AND M. L. ZELDITCH. 1996. Phenotypic plasticity in skull and dental morphology in the prairie deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii). J. Morph. 229:229-237.
23. POUCH, F. H., AND J. D. GROVES. 1983. Specialization of the body form and food habits of snakes. Am. Zool. 23:443-454.
24. REYNOLDS, J. D., AND P. H. HARVEY. 1994. Sexual selection and the evolution of sex differences, p. 53-70. In: The differences between the sexes, R. V. Short and E. Balaban (eds.). Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge.
25. ROBINSON, B. W., AND D. S. WILSON. 1995. Experimentally induced morphological diversity in Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata). Copeia 1995: 294-305.
26. RUBIN, C. T., AND L. E. LANYON. 1984. Regulation of bone formation by applied dynamic loads. J. Bone Joint Surg. 66A:397-402.
27. SCHWANER, T. D. 1985. Population structure of black tiger snakes, Notechis ater niger, on offshore islands of South Australia, p 35-46. In: Biology of Australasian frogs and reptiles, G. Grigg, R. Shine, and H. Ehmann (eds.). Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, Syndney, NSW, Australia.
28. SHINE, R. 1978. Sexual size dimorphism and male combat in snakes. Oecologia 33:269-277.
29. _. 1986. Sexual differences in morphology and niche utilization in an aquatic snake, Acrochordus arafurae. Ibid. 69:260-267.
30. _. 1987. Ecological comparisons of island and mainland populations of Australian tigersnakes (Notechis: Elapidae). Herpetologica 43:233-240.
31. _. 1993. Sexual dimorphism in snakes, p. 49-86. In: Snakes: ecology and behavior, R. A. Seigel and J. T. Collins (eds.). McGraw Hill, New York.
32. _, AND D. CREWS. 1988. Why male garter snakes have small heads: the evolution and endocrine control of sexual dimorphism. Evolution 42:1105-1110.
33. SLATKIN, M. 1984. Ecological causes of sexual dimorphism. Ibid. 38:622-630.
34. SOKAL, R. R., AND F. J. ROHLF. 1995. Biometry. 3d. ed. W. H. Freeman and Co., New York.
35. TRAVIS, J. 1994. Evaluating the adaptive role of morphological plasticity, p. 99-122. In: Ecological morphology: integrative organismal biology, P. C. Wainwright and S. M. Reilly (eds.). Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago.
36. WIMBERGER, P. H. 1991. Plasticity of jaw and skull morphology in the neotropical cichlids Geophagus brasiliensis and G. steindachneri. Evolution 45:1545-1563.