Rational approaches to reduce adverse reactions in man to vaccines containing tetanus and diphtheria toxoids

Vaccine

Volumn 16, Issue 9-10, 1998, Pages 1016-1023

  Relyveld, Edgar H ^a,d   Bizzini, Bernard ^b   Gupta, Rajesh K ^c  

^a INSTITUT PASTEUR DE LILLE   (France)

^b SORBONNE UNIVERSITÉ   (France)

^c PFIZER INC   (United States)

^d NONE   (France)

Author keywords

Accessory contaminating antigens; Adjuvants; Adverse reactions; Anaphylactic reactions; Arthus type reactions; Diphtheria toxoid; Tetanus toxoid; Vaccines

Indexed keywords

DIPHTHERIA TOXOID; TETANUS TOXOID; VACCINE;

ALLERGIC REACTION; ANAPHYLAXIS; ARTHUS PHENOMENON; ARTICLE; DETOXIFICATION; FEVER; HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PURIFICATION; RISK BENEFIT ANALYSIS; SENSITIZATION; SKIN NECROSIS; SKIN TEST; VACCINATION;

ADJUVANTS, IMMUNOLOGIC; ARTHUS REACTION; CORYNEBACTERIUM; DIPHTHERIA TOXOID; DIPHTHERIA-TETANUS-PERTUSSIS VACCINE; HUMANS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN E; INTRADERMAL TESTS; TETANUS TOXOID; VACCINATION;

EID: 0032077994     PISSN: 0264410X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0264-410X(97)00288-0     Document Type: Article

References (88)

1. 1 Editorial. Pertussis vaccine. Br. Med. J. 1981, 282, 1563-1564.
2. 2 Sato, Y., Kimura, M. and Fukumi, H. Development of a pertussis component vaccine in Japan. Lancet 1984, 1, 122-126.
3. 3 Hinman, A.R. and Onorato, I.M. Acellular pertussis vaccines. Ped. Infect. Dis. J. 1987, 6, 341-343.
4. 4 Coulter, H.L. and Fisher, B.L. DPT: A Shot in the Dark. Warner Books, New York, 1985.
5. 5 Supplement. Caring for the next generation: developments in pediatric vaccination. J. Infect. Dis. 1996, 174 (Suppl. 3), S259-S305.
6. 6 Granström, M. The history of pertussis vaccination: from whole cell to subunit vaccines. In: Vaccinia, Vaccination and Vaccinology. Jenner, Pasteur and their Successors (Eds Plotkin, S. and Fantini, B.). Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1996, pp. 107-114.
7. 7 Galazka, A.M. and Robertson, S.E. Immunization against diphtheria with special emphasis on immunization of adults. Vaccine 1996, 14, 845-857.
8. 8 Center for Disease Control. Diphtheria epidemic - new independent states of former Soviet Union. 1990-1994, MMWR 1995, 44, 177-181.
9. 9 Galazka, A.M., Robertson, S.E. and Oblapenko, G.P. Resurgence of diphtheria. Eur. J. Epidemiol. 1995, 11, 95-105.
10. 10 Galazka, A.M. and Robertson, S.E. Diphtheria: changing patterns in the developing world and the industrialized world. Eur. J. Epidemiol. 1995, 11, 107-117.
11. 11 Gupta, R.K. and Relyveld, E.H. Adverse reactions after injection of adsorbed diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (DPT) vaccine are not due only to pertussis organisms or pertussis components in the vaccine. Vaccine 1991, 9, 699-702.
12. 12 Supplement. Update on pertussis and diphtheria-tetanus toxoids - pertussis vaccination: new strategies for clinicians. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 1997, 16, S76-S102.
13. 13 Gupta, R.K. and Siber, G.R. Comparison of adjuvant activities of aluminium phosphate, calcium phosphate and stearyl tyrosine for tetanus toxoid. Biologicals 1994, 22, 53-63.
14. 14 Rappuoli, R. New and improved vaccines against diphtheria and tetanus. In: New Generation Vaccines (Eds Woodrow, G.C. and Levine, M.M.). Marcel Dekker, New York, 1990, pp. 251-268.
15. 15 Brown, F., Greco, D., Mastrantonio, P., Salmaso, S. and Wassilak, S. (Eds) Pertussis vaccine trials. Dev. Biol. Stand. 1997, 1-410.
16. 16 Stratton, K.R., Howe, C.J. and Johnston, R.B. Jr (Eds) Adverse Events Associated with Childhood Vaccines. Evidence Bearing on Causality. National Academy Press, Washington DC, 1994.
17. 17 Pappenheimer, A.M. Jr. Use of diphtheria toxin and toxoid in the study of immediate and delayed hypersensitivity in man. J. Immunol. 1955, 75, 259-264.
18. 18 Pappenheimer, A.M. Jr Diphtheria. In: Bacterial Vaccines (Ed. Germanier, R.). Academic Press, New York, 1984, pp. 1-36.
19. 19 Relyveld, E.H., Hénocq, E. and Bizzini, B. Studies on untoward reactions to diphtheria and tetanus toxoids. Dev. Biol. Stand. 1979, 43, 33-37.
20. 20 Mark, A., Björkstén, B. and Granström, M. Immunoglobulin E responses to diphtheria and tetanus toxoids after booster with aluminium-adsorbed and fluid DT-vaccines. Vaccine 1995, 13, 669-673.
21. 21 Gupta, R.K., Relyveld, E.H., Lindblad, E.B., Bizzini, B., Ben Efraim, S. and Gupta, C.K. Adjuvants. A balance between toxicity and adjuvanticity. Vaccine 1993, 11, 293-306.
22. 22 Vassilev, T.L. Aluminium phosphate but not calcium phosphate stimulates the specific IgE response in guinea-pig to tetanus toxoid. Allergy 1978, 33, 155-159.
23. 23 Vijay, H.M., Lavergne, G., Huang, H. and Bernstein, I.L. Preferential synthesis of IgE reaginic antibodies in rats immunized with alum-adsorbed antigens. Int. Arch. Allergy Appl. Immunol. 1979, 59, 277-282.
24. 24 Nagel, J.E., White, C., Lin, M.S. and Fireman, P. IgE synthesis in man. II. Comparison of tetanus and diphtheria IgE antibody in allergic and nonallergic children. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 1979, 63, 308-314.
25. 25 Pauwels, R., Bazin, H., Platteau, B. and van der Straeten, M. The influence of different adjuvants on the production of IgD and IgE antibodies. Ann. Immunol. (Inst. Pasteur) 1979, 130C, 49-58
26. 26 Matuhasi, T. and Ikegami, H. Elevation of levels of IgE antibody to tetanus toxin in individuals vaccinated with diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus-vaccine. J. Infect. Dis. 1982, 146, 290.
27. 27 Gupta, R.K., Rost, B.E., Relyveld, E. and Siber, G.R. Adjuvant properties of aluminum and calcium compounds. In: Vaccine Design: The Subunit and Adjuvant Approach (Eds Powell, M.F. and Newman, M.J.). Plenum Press, New York, 1995, pp. 229-248.
28. 28 Gupta, R.K. and Siber, G.R. Adjuvants for human use - current status, problems and future prospects. Vaccine 1995, 13, 1263-1276.
29. 29 Powell, M.F. and Newman, M.J. (Eds) Vaccine Design: The Subunit and Adjuvant Approach. Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Vol. 6. Plenum Press, New York, 1995.
30. 30 Gupta, R.K. New advances in vaccine technologies and applications (meeting report). Vaccine 1995, 13, 1623-1625.
31. 31 Edelman, R., Hardegree, M.C. and Chedid, L. Summary of an international symposium on potentiation of the immune response to vaccines. J. Infect. Dis. 1980, 141, 103-112.
32. 32 Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids. In: Adverse Events Associated with Childhood Vaccines. Evidence Bearing on Causality (Eds Stratton, K.R., Howe, C.J. and Johnston, R.B. Jr). National Academy Press, Washington DC, 1994, pp. 67-117.
33. 33 Relyveld, E.H., Hénocq, E. and Raynaud, M. Etude de la vaccination antidiphtérique de sujets allergiques avec une anatoxine pure adsorbée sur phosphate de calcium. Bull. WHO 1964, 30, 321-325.
34. 34 Relyveld, E.H., Martin, R. and Raynaud, M. et al. Le phosphate de calcium domme adjuvant dans les vaccinations chez l'homme. Ann. Inst. Pasteur 1969, 116, 300-326.
35. 35 Relyveld, E.H. Current developments in production and testing of tetanus and diphtheria vaccines. In: New Developments with Human and Veterinary Vaccines (Eds Mizrahi, A., Hertman, I., Klingberg, M.A. and Kohn, A.). Alan R. Liss, New York, 1980, pp. 51-76.
36. 36 Relyveld, E.H. Preparation and use of calcium phosphate adsorbed vaccines. Dev. Biol. Stand. 1986, 65, 131-136.
37. 37 Relyveld, E.H., Bengounia, A., Huet, M. and Kreeftenberg, J.G. Antibody response of pregnant women to two different adsorbed tetanus toxoids. Vaccine 1991, 9, 369-372.
38. 38 Relyveld, E.H. A history of toxoids. In: Vaccinia, Vaccination and Vaccinology. Jenner, Pasteur and their Successors (Eds Plotkin, S. and Fantini, B.). Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1996, pp. 95-105.
39. 39 Relyveld, E.H., Lavergne, M. and Rudder de, J. Taux d'immunoglobulines (IgG; IgA; IgM et IgE) après stimulation antigénique chez des sujets européens et africains. Dev. Biol. Stand. 1974, 27, 79-90.
40. 40 Relyveld, E.H., Gattef, C. and Chambon, L. et al. Etudes sur les vaccinations en Afrique. Symp. Series Immunobiol. Stand. 1973, 22, 215-222.
41. 41 Ickovic, M.R., Relyveld, E.H., Hénocq, E., David, B. and Marié, F.N. Calcium-phosphate-adjuvanted allergens: total and specific IgE levels before and after immunotherapy with house dust and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extracts. Ann. Immunol. (Inst. Pasteur) 1983, 134D, 385-398.
42. 42 Relyveld, E.H., Ickovic, M.R., Hénocq, E. and Garcelon, M. Calcium phosphate adjuvanted allergens. Ann. Allergy 1985, 54, 521-529.
43. 43 Relyveld, E.H. and Ben-Efraim, S. Preparation of vaccines by the action of glutaraldehyde on toxins, bacteria, viruses, allergens and cells. In: Methods in Enzymology, Immunochemical Techniques part F (Eds Langone, J.J. and Van Vunakis, H.). Academic Press, New York, 1983, 93, pp. 24-60.
44. 44 Guérin, N. and Fillastre, C. Vaccin DTC Polan. In: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Tetanus, Lyon, 1981. Fondation Marcel Mérieux, Lyon, 1982, pp. 477-479.
45. 45 Rotivel, Y., Lery, L., Ducomet, P. and Relyveld, E.H. Simultaneous vaccination of the elderly with fluid polymerized tetanus toxoid (Polan T) and influenza vaccines. In: Eighth International Conference on Tetanus (Eds Nisticò, G., Bizzini, B., Bytchenko, B. and Triau, R.). Pytnogora Press, Rome, 1989, pp. 420-427.
46. 46 Relyveld, E. and Huet, M. Une histoire des anatoxines. In: L'Aventure de la Vaccination (Ed. Moulin, A.-M.). Fayard, Paris, 1996, pp. 248-264.
47. 47 Aggerbeck, H., Fenger, C. and Heron, I. Booster vaccination against diphtheria and tetanus in man. Comparison of calcium phosphate and aluminium hydroxide as adjuvants - II. Vaccine 1995, 13, 1366-1374.
48. 48 Aggerbeck, H., Wantzin, J. and Heron, I. Booster vaccimation against diphtheria and tetamus in man. Comparison of three different vaccine formulations - III. Vaccine 1996, 14, 1265-1272.
49. 49 Peter, G. (Ed.) 1994 Red Book. Report of the committee on infectious diseases. Am. Acad. Pediat., P.O. Box 927, Elk Grove Village, IL 60009-0927, USA.
50. 50 Hénocq, E., Relyveld, E.H. and Raynaud, M. La sensibilisation aux antigènes diphtériques. Etude immunologique et clinique. Int. Arch. Allergy 1962, 20, 262-297.
51. 51 Lawrence, H.S. and Pappenheimer, A.M. Jr.Jr Immunization of adults with diphtheria toxoid, I. Immunological properties of formalinized diphtherial protein fractions from culture filtrates. Am. J. Hyg. 1948, 47, 226-232.
52. 52 Pappenheimer, A.M. Jr.Jr and Lawrence, H.S. Immunization of adults with diphtheria toxoid. II. An analysis of the pseudoreactions to the Schick test. Am. J. Hyg. 1948, 47, 233-240.
53. 53 Relyveld, E.H., Hénocq, E. and Raynaud, M. Etude sur la sensibilisation aux antigenes élaborés par diverses souches de Corynébactéries diphtériques et non diphtériques. Ann. Inst. Pasteur 1962, 103, 590-604.
54. 54 Pappenheimer, A.M. Jr. and Lawrence, H.S. Immunization of adults with diphtheria toxoid. III. Highly purified toxoid as an immunizing agent. Am. J. Hyg. 1948, 47, 241-246.
55. 55 Relyveld, E.H. and Raynaud, M. Préparation de la toxine diphtérique pure cristallisée à partir de cultures en fermenteur. Caractères de la toxine pure. Ann. Inst. Pasteur 1964, 107, 618-637.
56. 56 Relyveld, E.H. Toxine et Antitoxine Diphtériques - Etudes Immnologiques. Editions Scientifiques Hermann, Paris, 1959.
57. 57 Relyveld, E.H. Immunomodulation of the IgG response. In: Advances in Immunomodulation (Eds Bizzini, B. and Bonmassar, E.). Phytogora Press, Roma, Milan, 1988, pp. 423-431.
58. 58 Relyveld, E.H., Hénocq, E. and Raynaud, M. Etude de la réaction de Schick à l'aide d'une toxine pure. Bull. Acad. Nat. Méd. 1962, 146, 101-109.
59. 59 Kuhns, W.J. and Pappenheimer, A.M. Jr. Immunochemical studies of antitoxin produced in normal and allergic individuals hyperimmunized with diphtheria toxoid. J. Exp. Med. 1952, 95, 363-374.
60. 60 Scheibel, I., Talinius, S., Rasch, G., Bojten, K. and Petersen, C.B. Immunization of adults against diphtheria with particular reference to dosage and reactions. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. 1948, 25, 319-350.
61. 61 Pappenheimer, A.M. Jr., Edsall, G., Lawrence, H.S. and Banton, J.J. A study of reactions following administration of crude and purified diphtheria toxoid in an adult population. Am. J. Hyg. 1950, 52, 353-370.
62. 62 Bizzini, B. Tetanus. In: Bacterial Vaccines (Ed. Germanier, R.). Academic Press, New York, 1984, pp. 37-68.
63. 63 Relyveld, E.H., Huet, M. and Lery, L. Passive haemagglutination tests using purifed antigens covalently coupled to turkey erythrocytes. Dev. Biol. Stand. 1995, 86, 225-241.
64. 64 OMS. Normes relatives au vaccin antidiphtérique, au vaccin antitétanique, au vaccin anticoquelucheux et aux vaccins associés. In: Sérié de Rapports Techniques Genève: OMS, 1990, 800, 93-190.
65. 65 Relyveld, E.H. Recent developments with vaccines against bacterial protein toxins. In: Bacterial Protein Toxins (Eds Alouf, J.E., Fehrenbach, F.J., Freer, J.H. and Jeljaszewicz, J.). Academic Press, London, 1984, pp. 217-226.
66. 66 Pharmeuropa: Vaccinum Diphtheriae Adsorbatum, 1991, 3, 12.
67. 67 Scheifele, D.W., Meekison, W., Guasparini, R. and Barreto, L. Can reductions in diphtheria toxoid or aluminum content reduce the reactogenicity of booster doses of DPT vaccine?. Immunol. Infect. Dis. 1995, 5, 73-77.
68. 68 Cabau, N., Levy, F.M. and Relyveld, E.H. et al. Vaccination antidiphtérique-antitétanique par anatoxines adsorbées sur phosphate de calcium en deux injections a un an d'intervalle. Ann. Inst. Pasteur 1970, 119, 663-670.
69. 69 Coursaget, P., Yvonnet, B., Relyveld, E.H., et al. Simultaneous administration of hepatitis B vaccine and diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis/polio vaccine. In: Seventh International Conference on Tetanus (Eds Nisticò, G., Mastroeni, P., Pitzura, M.). Gangemi, Roma, 1985, pp. 401-406.
70. 70 Coursaget, P., Yvonnet, B., Relyveld, E.H., Barres, J.L., DiopMar, I. and Chiron, J.P. Simultaneous administration of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-polio and hepatitis B vaccines in a simplified immunization program: immune response to diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid, pertussis and hepatitis B surface antigen. Infect. Immun. 1986, 51, 784-787.
71. 71 Coursaget, P., Yvonnet, B., Relyveld, E.H., et al. Simultaneous injection of hepatitis B vaccine with BCG, diphtheria and tetanus toxoids, pertussis and polio vaccines. In: Progress in Hepatitis B Immunization (Eds Coursaget, P. and Tong, M.J.). Colloque INSERM. John Libbey Eurotext, Paris, 1990, Vol. 194, pp. 319-324.
72. 72 Fillastre, C., Guérin, N. and Orssaud, E. et al. Immunization multiple chez le nourrisson africain. Afr. Med. 1976, 15, 171-176.
73. 73 Gateff, C., Relyveld, E.H. and Le Gonidec, G. et al. Etude d'une nouvelle association vaccinale quintuple. Ann. Microbiol. (Inst. Pasteur) 1973, 124B, 387-409.
74. 74 Relyveld, E.H. Résultats des calendriers de vaccinations simplifiées dans les pays en voie de dévelopment. Dev. Biol. Stand. 1978, 41, 295-299.
75. 75 Sureau, P., Fabre, J., N'Garo, S.B., Butor, S.C., Poulougou, M.M. and Relyveld, E.H. Vaccination simultanée de nourrissons en milieu tropical contre le tetanos et la polyiomélite. Bull. WHO 1977, 55, 739-746.
76. 76 Relyveld, E.H. Studies on the detoxification of purified diphtheria toxin. Prog. Immunobiol. Stand. 1969, 3, 258-263.
77. 77 Aggerbeck, H. and Heron, I. Detoxification of diphtheria and tetanus toxin with formaldehyde. Detection of protein conjugates. Biologicals 1992, 20, 109-115.
78. 78 Vincent-Ballereau, F., Schrive, I. and Fisch, A. et al. La population adulte francaise est-elle protégée de la diphtérie en 1995? Résultats d'une enquête sérologique multricentrique. Méd. Mal. Infect. 1995, 25, 622-626.
79. 79 Maple, P.A., Efstratiou, A., George, R.C., Andrews, N.J. and Sesardic, D. Diphtheria immunity in UK blood donors. Lancet 1995, 345, 963-965.
80. 80 Gupta, R.K., Griffin, P. Jr.Jr, Xu, J., Rivera, R., Thompson, C. and Siber, G.R. Diphtheria antitoxin levels in US blood and plasma donors. J. Infect. Dis. 1996, 173, 1493-1497.
81. 81 Comodo, N., Bonanni, P., Lo Nostro, A., Tiscione, E., Mannelli, F. and Tomei, A. Low prevalence of diphtheria immunity in the population of Florence, Italy. Eur. J. Epidemiol. 1996, 12, 251-255.
82. 82 Relyveld, E.H., Raynaud, M., Martin, R., Hénocq, E. and Damas, J.P. Tolerance in humans of pertussis vaccines adsorbed onto calcium phospate. Symp. Series Immunobiol. Standard. 1970, 13, 171-179.
83. 83 Maurice, J. Diphtérie: L'épidémie se lève à l'Est. J. Int. Med. 1955, 343, 12-13.
84. 84 Pool, N. Coral chemistry leads to human bone repair. Science 1995, 267, 1772.
85. 85 Constantz, B.R., Ison. I.C. and Fulmer, M.T. et al. Skeletal repair by in situ formation of the mineral phase of bone. Science 1995, 267, 1796-1799.
86. 86 Levaditi, J.C., Raynaud, M., Prévot, A.R. and Turpin, A. Le phosphate de calcium substance adjuvante de l'immunité. Etude de la réaction tissulaire locale provoquée chez le lapin. Ann. Inst. Pasteur 1959, 97, 400-403.
87. 87 Levaditi, J.C. and Relyveld, E. Tolérance locale des vaccins adsorbés sur substances immuno-stimulantes. Entretiens Bichat-Thér. 1974, 207-208.
88. 88 Balouet, G., Levaditi, J.C. and Relyveld, E. Le granulome immunogène: histopathologie expérimentale des lésions liées à des injections vaccinantes associées à divers adjuvants de l'immunité. Bull. Inst. Pasteur 1975, 73, 383-409.