Olfactory identification and Stroop interference converge in schizophrenia

Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience

Volumn 23, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 163-171

  Purdon, Scot E ^a,b  

^a ALBERTA HOSPITAL EDMONTON   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Attention; Brain; Colour perception tests; Frontal lobe; Neuropsychological tests; Schizophrenia; Smell

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; ODOR; PHYSIOLOGY; PSYCHOLOGICAL RATING SCALE; PSYCHOLOGY;

ADULT; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; SCHIZOPHRENIC PSYCHOLOGY; SMELL;

EID: 0032063923     PISSN: 11804882     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Flor-Henry P. Psychosis and temporal lobe epilepsy: a controlled investigation. Epilepsia 1969;10:363-95.
2. Flor-Henry P. Psychopathology and hemispheric specialization: left hemisphere dysfunction in schizophrenia, psychopathy, hysteria and obsessional syndrome. In: Boller F, Graffman J, editors. Handbook of neuropsychology. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers BV; 1989. p. 477-94.
3. Kolb B, Wishaw IQ. Performance of schizophrenic patients on tests sensitive to left or right frontal, temporal, or parietal function in neurological patients. J Nerv Ment Dis 1983;171: 435-43.
4. Flor-Henry P, Yeudall LT. Neuropsychological investigation of schizophrenia and manic-depressive psychoses. In: Gruzelier J, Flor-Henry P, editors. Hemisphere asymmetries of function in psychopathology. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1979. p. 341-62.
5. Pilowsky LS, Costa DC, Ell PJ, Verhoeff NP, Murray RM, Kerwin RW. D2 dopamine receptor binding in the basal ganglia of antipsychotic-free schizophrenic patients. An 123I-IBZM single photon emission computerised tomography study. Br J Psychiatry 1994;164:16-26.
6. Marshall EJ, Syed, GMS, Fenwick PBC, Lishman WA. A pilot study of schizophrenia-like psychosis in epilepsy using single-photon emission computerised tomography. Br J Psychiatry 1993;163:32-6.
7. Early TS, Reiman EM, Raichle ME, Spitznagel EL. Left globus pallidus abnormality in never-medicated patients with schizophrenia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1987;84: 561-2.
8. Rubin P, Holm S, Madsen PL, Friberg L, Videbech P, Andersen HS, et al. Regional cerebral blood flow distribution in newly diagnosed schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder. Psychiatry Res 1994;53: 57-75.
9. Siegel BV Jr, Buchsbaum MS, Bunney WE Jr, Gottschalk LA, Haier, RJ, Lohr JB, et al. Cortical-striatal-thalamic circuits and brain glucose metabolic activity in 70 unmedicated male schizophrenic patients. Am J Psychiatry 1993;150:1325-36.
10. Gattaz WF, Mayer S, Ziegler P, Platz M, Gasser T. Hypofrontality on topographic EEG in schizophrenia. Correlations with neuropsychological and psychopathological parameters. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 1992;241:328-32.
11. Cutting J. The right cerebral hemisphere and psychiatric disorders. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press; 1990.
12. Seidman LJ, Talbot NL, Kalinowski AG, McCarley RW, Faraone SV, Kremen WS, et al. Neuropsychological probes of fronto-limbic system dysfunction in schizophrenia: olfactory identification and Wisconsin card sorting performance. Schizophr Res 1992;6:55-65.
13. Okada F, Tokumitsu Y, Takahashi N, Crow TJ, Roberts GW. Reduced concentrations of the alpha-subunit of GTP-binding protein Go in schizophrenic brain. J Neural Transm Suppl 1994;95:95-104.
14. Walker EF, Savoie T, Davis D. Neuromotor precursors of schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1994;20:441-51.
15. Wolkin A, Sanfilipo M, Wolf AP, Angrist B, Brodie JD, Rotrosen J. Negative symptoms and hypofrontality in chronic schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992;49:959-65.
16. Kleist K. Schizophrenic symptoms and cerebral pathology. J Ment Sci 1960;106:246-55.
17. Blumer D, Benson DF. Personality changes with frontal and temporal lobe lesions. In: Benson DF, Blumer D, editors. Psychiatric aspects of neurologic disease. New York: Grune & Stratton; 1975: 151-69.
18. Liddle PF. The symptoms of chronic schizophrenia: a re-examination of the positive-negative dichotomy. Br J Psychiatry 1987;151:145-51.
19. Liddle PF, Morris DL. Schizophrenic syndromes and frontal lobe performance. Br J Psychiatry 1991;158:340-5.
20. Liddle PF, Friston KJ, Frith CD, Hirsch SR, Jones T, Frackowiak RSJ. Patterns of cerebral blood flow in schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 1992;160:179-86.
21. Liddle PF, Friston KJ, Frith CD, Frackowiak RSJ. Cerebral blood flow and mental processes in schizophrenia. J R Soc Med 1992;85: 224-5.
22. Dolan RJ, Bench CJ, Liddle PF, Friston KJ, Frith CD, Grasby PM, et al. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex dysfunction in the major psychoses; symptom or disease specificity? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1993;56:1290-4.
23. Bench CJ, Frith CD, Grasby PM, Friston KJ, Paulesu E, Frackowiak RS, et al. Investigations of the functional anatomy of attention using the Stroop test. Neuropsychologia 1993;31:907-22.
24. Larrue V, Celsis P, Bes A, Marc-Vergnes JP. The functional anatomy of attention in humans: cerebral blood flow changes induced by reading, naming, and the Stroop effect. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1994;14:958-62.
25. Pardo JV, Pardo PJ, Janer KW, Raichle ME. The anterior cingulate mediates processing selection in the Stroop attentional conflict paradigm. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990;87:256-9.
26. George MS, Ketter TA, Parekh PI, Rosinsky N, Ring HA, Pazzaglia PJ, et al. Blunted left cingulate activation in mood disorder subjects during a response interference task (the Stroop). J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 1997;9:55-63.
27. Broca P. Sur le siège de la faculté du language articulé. Bulletin de la Société Anthropologique 1965;6:337-9. In: Berker EA, Berker AH, Smith A. Translation of Broca's 1865 report. Arch Neurol 1986;43:1065-72.
28. Broca P. Sur le siège de la faculté du language articulé. Bulletin de la Société Anthropologique 1965;6:337-9. In: Berker EA, Berker AH, Smith A. Translation of Broca's 1865 report. Arch Neurol 1986;43:1065-72.
29. Lezak M. Neuropsychological assessment. 3rd ed. Toronto: Oxford University Press; 1995.
30. Kaplan RD, Szechtman H, Franco S, Szechtman B, Nahmias S, Garnett ES, et al. Three clinical syndromes of schizophrenia in untreated subjects: relation to brain glucose activity measured by positron emission tomography (PET). Schizophr Res 1993;11:47-54.
31. Doty RL. The smell identification test manual. Haddonfield (NJ): Sensonics; 1983.
32. Hurwitz T, Kopala L, Clark C, Jones B. Olfactory deficits in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 1988;23:123-8.
33. Kopala L, Clark C, Hurwitz T. Sex differences in olfactory function in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 1989;146:1320-2.
34. Kopala LC, Clark C, Hurwitz T. Olfactory deficits in neuroleptic naive patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 1992;8:245-50.
35. Warner MD, Peabody CA, Csernansky JG. Olfactory functioning in schizophrenia and depression. Biol Psychiatry 1990;27: 457-8.
36. Houlihan DJ, Flaum M, Arnold SE, Keshavan M, Alliger R. Further evidence for olfactory identification deficits in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 1994;12:179-82.
37. Wu J, Buchsbaum MS, Moy K, Denlea N, Kesslak P, Tseng H, et al. Olfactory memory in unmedicated schizophrenics. Schizophr Res 1993;9:41-7.
38. Kandel ER, Schwartz JH, Jessel TM, editors. Principles of neural science. 3rd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1991.
39. Jones-Gotman M, Zatorre RJ. Olfactory identification deficits in patients with focal cerebral excision. Neuropsychologia 1988;26:387-400.
40. Zatorre RJ, Jones-Gotman M. Human olfactory discrimination after unilateral frontal or temporal lobectomy. Brain 1991;114: 71-84.
41. Zatorre RJ, Jones-Gotman M, Evans AC, Meyer E. Functional localization and lateralization of human olfactory cortex. Nature 1992;360:339-40.
42. Malaspina D, Wray AD, Friedman JH, Amador X, Yale S, Hasan A, et al. Odor discrimination deficits in schizophrenia: association with eye movement dysfunction. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 1994;6:273-8.
43. Levin S. Frontal lobe dysfunction in schizophrenia - I. Eye movement impairments. J Psychiatr Res 1984;18:27-55.
44. Ingvar D, Franzen G. Abnormal distribution of cerebral activity in chronic schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 1975;12:199-214.
45. Friston KJ. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, schizophrenia and PET [review]. J Neural Transm Suppl 1992;37:79-93.
46. Milner B. Effects of different brain lesions on card sorting. Arch Neurol 1963;9:100-10.
47. Crawford JR, Parker DM, McKinlay WW. A handbook of neuropsychological assessment. Hove (UK): Lawrence Erlbaum; 1992.
48. Grafman J, Jonas B, Salazar A. Wisconsin Card Sorting Test performance based on location and size of neuroanatomical lesion in Vietnam veterans with penetrating head injury. Percept Mot Skills 1990;71:1120-2.
49. Taylor LB. Psychological assessment of neurosurgical patients. In: Rasmussen T, Marino R, editors. Functional nenrosurgery. New York: Raven Press; 1979.
50. Doty RL, Shaman P, Applebaum SL, Giberson R, Siksorski L, Rosenberg L. Smell identification ability: changes with age. Science 1984;226:1441-3.
51. Ship JA, Weiffenbach JM. Age, gender, medical treatment, and medication effects on smell identification. J Gerontol 1993;48:M26-32.
52. Kopala L, Good K, Honer WG. Olfactory hallucinations and olfactory identification ability in patients with schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. Schizophr Ref 1994;12:205-11.
53. Chapman LJ, Chapman JP. The measurement of differential deficit. J Psychiatr Res 1978;14:303-11.
54. Serby M, Larson P, Kalkstein D. Olfactory sense in psychoses. Biol Psychiatry 1990;28:829-30.
55. Strauss ME. Olfactory memory deficits in schizophrenia: differential deficit or psychometric artifact. Schizophr Res 1994;12: 89-90.
56. Kopala L, Good K, Martzke J, Hurwitz T. Olfactory deficits in schizophrenia are not a function of task complexity. Schizophr Res 1996;17:195-9.
57. Stroop JR. Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. J Exp Psychol 1935;18:643.
58. Golden CJ. Stroop color and word test. Chicago: Stoelting; 1978.
59. Kay SR, Opler L, Fiszbein A. Positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS): manual. Toronto: Multi-Health Systems; 1992.
60. Wapner S, Krus DM. Effects of lysergic acid diethylamide and differences between normals and schizophrenics on the Stroop Color Word Test. J Neuropsychiatry1960;2:76-81.
61. Kopala LC, Good K, Honer WG. Olfactory identification ability in pre- and postmenopausal women with schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 1995;38:57-63.
62. Verdoux H, Magnin E, Bourgeois M. Neuroleptic effects on neuropsychological test performance in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 1995;14:133-9.
63. Nopoulos P, Flashman L, Flaum M, Arndt S, Andreasen N. Stability of cognitive functioning early in the course of schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 1994;14:29-37.
64. Parrott AC, Craig D. Cigarette smoking and nicotine gum (0, 2 and 4 mg): effects upon four visual attention tasks. Neuropsychobiology 1992;25:34-43.
65. Pomerleau CS, Teuscher F, Goeters S, Pomerleau OF. Effects of nicotine abstinence and menstrual phase on task performance. Addict Behav 1994;19:357-62.
66. Lord T, Taylor K. Monthly fuctuation in task concentration in female college students. Percept Mot Skills 1991;72:435-9.