Foregoing Life Support in Medically Futile Patients

Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore

Volumn 27, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 430-436

  Tai, D Y H ^a   Lew, T W K ^a  

^a TAN TOCK SENG HOSPITAL   (Singapore)

Author keywords

Intensive care; Life sustaining therapy; Medical ethics; Medical futility; Terminally ill

Indexed keywords

ASSISTED SUICIDE; CRITICAL ILLNESS; DEATH AND EUTHANASIA; EUTHANASIA; HUMAN; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; LONG TERM CARE; MEDICAL ETHICS; METHODOLOGY; RESUSCITATION; REVIEW; RIGHT TO DIE; SINGAPORE; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TREATMENT REFUSAL;

DEATH AND EUTHANASIA;

CRITICAL ILLNESS; ETHICS, MEDICAL; EUTHANASIA; HUMANS; INTENSIVE CARE UNITS; LIFE SUPPORT CARE; MEDICAL FUTILITY; RESUSCITATION ORDERS; RIGHT TO DIE; SINGAPORE; SUICIDE, ASSISTED; TREATMENT REFUSAL;

EID: 0032060805     PISSN: 03044602     EISSN: 29724066     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Lew T W K, Grenvik A N A Brain death, persistent vegetative state, donor management and cessation of therapy In: Albin M, editor. Textbook of Neuroanaesthesia. New York: McGraw Hill, 1996:1361-81.
2. Smedira N G, Evans B H, Grais L S, Cohen N H, Lo B, Cooke M, et al. Withholding and withdrawal of life support from the critically ill. N Engl J Med 1990, 322:309-15.
3. Sahadevan S, Pang W S. Do-not-resuscitate orders, towards a policy in Singapore. Singapore Med J 1995; 36:267-70.
4. DeVita M A, Grenvik A Foregoing life-sustaining therapy in intensive care. In Ayres S M, Grenvik A, Holbrook P R, Shoemaker W C, editors Textbook of Critical Care 3rd ed. Philadelphia. WB Saunders Co, 1995:1802-8.
5. ACCP/SCCM Consensus Panel. Ethical and moral guidelines for the initiation, continuation, and withdrawal of intensive care. Chest 1990; 97:949-58
6. Raffin T A. Ethical concerns in managing critically iil patients In: Parrillo J E, Bone R C, editors Critical Care Medicine: Principles of Diagnosis and Management. Baltimore Mosby Year Book Inc, 1995.1447-64.
7. Schneiderman L J, Jecker N S, Jonsen A R. Medical futility: its meaning and ethical implications. Ann Intern Med 1990; 112:949-54.
8. Kobayashi J S. When may critical care be terminated? In: Parsons P E, Wiener-Kronish J P, editors. Critical Care Secrets Singapore: Info Access & Distribution Pte Ltd, 1992;444-7.
9. Lanken P. ATS position statement on withholding and withdrawing life sustaining therapy. Ann Intern Med 1992; 115 478-85.
10. American Thoracic Society Task Force, an ad hoc committee of the Section on Critical Care. Withholding and withdrawing life-sustaining therapy. Am Rev Respir Dis 1991; 144:726-31
11. Prendergast T J, Luce J M. Increasing incidence of withholding and withdrawal of life support from the critically ill. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997; 155.15-20
12. Sprung C L, Eidelman L A. Worldwide similarities and differences in the forgoing of life-sustaining treatments. Intensive Care Med 1996; 22:1003-5.
13. Society of Critical Care Medicine Ethics Committee: Attitudes of critical care medicine professionals concerning foregoing life-sustaining treatments. Crit Care Med 1992; 20.320-6.
14. Lee K H. How far is enough in the intensive care unit? Singapore Med J 1995; 36:583-5
15. Luce J M Withholding and withdrawal of life support: ethical, legal, and clinical aspects. New Horizon 1997; 5:30-7.
16. Williams R. The "do not resuscitate" decision: guidelines for policy in the adult. J R Coll Physicians Lond 1993; 27:139-40.
17. Lee K O, Quah T C, Living, dying, death and advance directives. Singapore Med J 1997; 38:141-2.
18. Flynn E P Important distinctions in issues in Medical Ethics. In: Issues in medical ethics. Kansas City, MO: Sheed & Ward, 1997:276.
19. Lynn J, Harrell F, Cohn F, Wagner D, Connors A F. Prognoses of seriously ill hospitalized patients on the days before death: implications for patient care and public policy. New Horizon 1997; 5:56-61.
20. Kelly G Medico-moral problems. St Louis, MO: Catholic Health Association, 1958:129.
21. Burns J P, Truog R D. Ethical controversies in pediatric critical care. New Horizon 1997; 5:72-84.
22. American College of Neurology. Guidelines on the vegetative state: Position of the American Academy of Neurology on certain aspects of the care and management of the persistent vegetative state patient. Neurology 1989; 39:125-6.
23. The Multi-Society Task Force on PVS. Medical aspects of the persistent vegetative state. N Engl J Med 1994; 330:1499-508 (Part I); 1572-9 (Part II).
24. The Multi-Society Task Force on PVS. Medical aspects of the persistent vegetative state. N Engl J Med 1994; 330:1499-508 (Part I); 1572-9 (Part II).
25. Mishkin D B. You don't need a judge to terminate treatment. J Intensive Care Med 1990, 5:201-4.
26. Angell M. After Quinlan: The dilemma of the persistent vegetative state N Engl J Med 1994; 330:1524-5.
27. Couderc G H, Dearwater J A Ethics. In: Parsons P E, Wiener-Kronish J P, editors. Critical Care Secrets. Singapore: Info Access & Distribution Pte Ltd, 1992:442-4.
28. Grenvik A. "Terminal weaning": Discontinuance of life-support therapy in the terminally ill patient. Crit Care Med 1983; 11:394-8.
29. American Thoracic Society Bioethics Task Force. Fair allocation of intensive care unit resources. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997; 156:1282-301