Swelling and softening behaviour of La Biche shale

Canadian Geotechnical Journal

Volumn 35, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 206-221

  Wong, R C K ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Modulus softening; Salinity; Shale; Strength weakening; Swelling

Indexed keywords

ANISOTROPY; COMPRESSION TESTING; ELASTIC MODULI; SHALE; SOIL MECHANICS; STRESS ANALYSIS; SWELLING;

DRAINED TRIAXIAL COMPRESSION TESTS; OEDOMETER SWELL TESTS;

SOIL TESTING;

OEDOMETER TEST; SHALE; SOFTENING; SWELLING;

EID: 0032056158     PISSN: 00083674     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/t97-087     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Barbour, S.L., and Fredlund, D.G. 1989. Mechanisms of osmotic flow and volume change in clay soils. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 26: 551-562.
2. Bennett, T.H., and Hulbert, N.H. 1986. Clay microstructure. International Human Resources Development Corporation, Boston.
3. Bolt, G.H. 1956. Physico-chemical analysis of the compressibility of pure clays. Géotechnique, 6: 86-93.
4. Brooker, E.W., and Peck, R.B. 1993. Rational design treatment of slides in overconsolidated clays and clay shales. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 30: 526-544.
5. Carminati, S., Brignoli, M., Di Marco, A., and Santarelli, F.J. 1997. The activity concept applied to shales: consequences for oil, tunnelling and civil engineering operations. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts, 34: 3-4.
6. Chenevert, M.E. 1970. Shale control with balanced-activity oil-continuous muds. Journal of Petroleum Technology, 22: 1309-1316.
7. Collins, K. 1984. Characterization of expansive soil microfabric. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Expansive Soils, Adelaide, Australia. Edited by A.C.T. Barton. Institution of Engineers, Australia, pp. 177-185.
8. Desrues, J., Chambon, R., Mokni, M., and Mazerolle, F. 1996. Void ratio evolution inside shear bands in triaxial sand specimens studied by computed tomography. Géotechnique, 46(3): 529-546.
9. Gens, A., and Alonso, E.E. 1992. A framework for the behaviour of unsaturated expansive clays. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 29: 1013-1032.
10. Hanna, A., and Little, T.E. 1992. An estimate of rebound potential of the Shaftesbury shales at a dam site in British Columbia. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 29: 375-392.
11. Hueckel, T.A. 1992. Water-mineral interaction in hygromechanics of clays exposed to environmental loads: a mixture-theory approach. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 29: 1071-1086.
12. Hvorslev, M.J. 1937. Physical properties of remolded cohesive soils. (In German.). U.S. Army Engineers Waterways Experiment Station, Translation No. 69-5.
13. Kantzas, A., Marentette, D.F., and Jha, K.N. 1992. Computer-assisted tomography: from qualitative visualization to quantitative core analysis. Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology, 31(9): 48-56.
14. Lo, K.Y., and Lee, Y.N. 1990. Time-dependent deformation behaviour of Queenston shale. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 27: 461-471.
15. Low, P.F. 1961. Physical chemistry of clay-water interaction. Advances in Agronomy, 13: 269-327.
16. Low, P.F. 1987. Structural components of the swelling pressure of clay. Lanmuir, 3: 18-25.
17. Mitchell, J.K. 1993. Fundamentals of soil behaviour. John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York.
18. Madson, F.T., and Muller-Vonmoos, M. 1985. Swelling pressure calculated from mineralogical properties of a Jurassic opalinum shale, Switzerland. Clays and Clay Minerals, 33(6): 501-509.
19. Madson, F.T., and Muller-Vonmoos, M. 1989. The swelling behaviour of clays. Applied Clay Science, 4(2): 143-156.
20. Morgenstern, N.R., and Balasubramonian, B.I. 1980. Effects of pore fluid on the swelling of clay shale. In Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Expansive Soils, Denver, Colo. Edited by D.R. Snethen. American Society of Civil Engineers, pp. 190-205.
21. Olson, R.E., and Mesri, G. 1970. Mechanisms controlling the compressibility of clay. Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, ASCE, 96(SM6): 1863-1878.
22. Savigny, K.W., Harris, M.C., Campbell, J.W.M., and Wuite, J. 1984. Engineering geology of soft, Upper Cretaceous bedrock in the Athabasca River valley near Fort McMurray, Alberta. In Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Landslides, Toronto, Ont. University of Toronto Press, Downsview, Ont., Vol. 2, pp. 185-190.
23. Smith, R.J., and Wong, R.C.K. 1996. A mathematical framework for osmotic swelling mechanism in shale. In Proceedings of the 49th Canadian Geotechnical Conference, St. John's, Nfld. Canadian Geotechnical Society, Toronto, Paper No. 115.
24. Stepkowska, E.T. 1990. Aspects of the clay/electrolyte/water system with special reference to the geotechnical properties of clays. Engineering Geology, 28: 249-268.
25. Wellington, S.L., and Vinegar, H.J. 1987. X-ray computerized tomography. Journal of Petroleum Technology, 39(8): 885-898.
26. Williams, C.D., and Burk, C.F. 1970. Upper Cretaceous. In Geological history of western Canada. Edited by R.G. McCrossan and R.P. Glaister. Alberta Society of Petroleum Geologists, Calgary, Alta., Chap. 12, pp. 169-188.
27. Wong, R.C.K. 1996. A model for highly anisotropic swelling shales. In Proceedings of the 2nd North American Rock Mechanics Symposium, '96 NARM, 19-21 June 1996, Montréal, Que. Edited by M. Aubertin, F. Hassani, and H. Mitri. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 1295-1302.
28. Wong, R.C.K., and Kaiser, P.K. 1987. Performance of a small tunnel in clay shale. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 24: 297-307.