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The experimental change in enthalpy at 25°C is 18.7 kcal/mol (Pedley, J. B. Thermochemical Data and Structures of Organic Compounds; Thermodynamics Research Center: College Station, TX, 1994; Vol. 1) and the calculated enthalpy difference at 0 K is 18.9 kcal/mol (MP2/6-311+G**).
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36749118248
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2 = 1.332(6), C-C = 1.441(6) , C=C = 1.312 (Norden, T. D.; Staley, S. W.; Taylor, W. H.; Harmony, M. D. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 7912). Cyclopropanone: C1-C3 = 1.475(17), C2-C3 = 1.575(12), C=O = 1.191(21) (Pochen, J. M.; Baldwin, J. E.; Flygare, W. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 1896). 1,1-Difluorocyclopropane: C1-C2 = 1.464(2), C2-C3 = 1.553(1), C-F = 1.358(2) (Perretta, A. T.; Laurie, V. W. J. Chem. Phys. 1975, 62, 2469). 1,1-Difluorocyclopropene: C-C = 1.438 (7), C=C = 1.321(1), C-F = 1.365(5) ((Ramaprasad, K. R.; Laurie, V. W.; Craig, N. C. J. Chem. Phys. 1976, 64, 4832).
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0000898718
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2 = 1.332(6), C-C = 1.441(6) , C=C = 1.312 (Norden, T. D.; Staley, S. W.; Taylor, W. H.; Harmony, M. D. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 7912). Cyclopropanone: C1-C3 = 1.475(17), C2-C3 = 1.575(12), C=O = 1.191(21) (Pochen, J. M.; Baldwin, J. E.; Flygare, W. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 1896). 1,1-Difluorocyclopropane: C1-C2 = 1.464(2), C2-C3 = 1.553(1), C-F = 1.358(2) (Perretta, A. T.; Laurie, V. W. J. Chem. Phys. 1975, 62, 2469). 1,1-Difluorocyclopropene: C-C = 1.438 (7), C=C = 1.321(1), C-F = 1.365(5) ((Ramaprasad, K. R.; Laurie, V. W.; Craig, N. C. J. Chem. Phys. 1976, 64, 4832).
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0003979377
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2 = 1.332(6), C-C = 1.441(6) , C=C = 1.312 (Norden, T. D.; Staley, S. W.; Taylor, W. H.; Harmony, M. D. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 7912). Cyclopropanone: C1-C3 = 1.475(17), C2-C3 = 1.575(12), C=O = 1.191(21) (Pochen, J. M.; Baldwin, J. E.; Flygare, W. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 1896). 1,1-Difluorocyclopropane: C1-C2 = 1.464(2), C2-C3 = 1.553(1), C-F = 1.358(2) (Perretta, A. T.; Laurie, V. W. J. Chem. Phys. 1975, 62, 2469). 1,1-Difluorocyclopropene: C-C = 1.438 (7), C=C = 1.321(1), C-F = 1.365(5) ((Ramaprasad, K. R.; Laurie, V. W.; Craig, N. C. J. Chem. Phys. 1976, 64, 4832).
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0007004822
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2 = 1.332(6), C-C = 1.441(6) , C=C = 1.312 (Norden, T. D.; Staley, S. W.; Taylor, W. H.; Harmony, M. D. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 7912). Cyclopropanone: C1-C3 = 1.475(17), C2-C3 = 1.575(12), C=O = 1.191(21) (Pochen, J. M.; Baldwin, J. E.; Flygare, W. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 1896). 1,1-Difluorocyclopropane: C1-C2 = 1.464(2), C2-C3 = 1.553(1), C-F = 1.358(2) (Perretta, A. T.; Laurie, V. W. J. Chem. Phys. 1975, 62, 2469). 1,1-Difluorocyclopropene: C-C = 1.438 (7), C=C = 1.321(1), C-F = 1.365(5) ((Ramaprasad, K. R.; Laurie, V. W.; Craig, N. C. J. Chem. Phys. 1976, 64, 4832).
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36749121070
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2 = 1.332(6), C-C = 1.441(6) , C=C = 1.312 (Norden, T. D.; Staley, S. W.; Taylor, W. H.; Harmony, M. D. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 7912). Cyclopropanone: C1-C3 = 1.475(17), C2-C3 = 1.575(12), C=O = 1.191(21) (Pochen, J. M.; Baldwin, J. E.; Flygare, W. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 1896). 1,1-Difluorocyclopropane: C1-C2 = 1.464(2), C2-C3 = 1.553(1), C-F = 1.358(2) (Perretta, A. T.; Laurie, V. W. J. Chem. Phys. 1975, 62, 2469). 1,1-Difluorocyclopropene: C-C = 1.438 (7), C=C = 1.321(1), C-F = 1.365(5) ((Ramaprasad, K. R.; Laurie, V. W.; Craig, N. C. J. Chem. Phys. 1976, 64, 4832).
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Laurie, V.W.2
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2 = 1.332(6), C-C = 1.441(6) , C=C = 1.312 (Norden, T. D.; Staley, S. W.; Taylor, W. H.; Harmony, M. D. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 7912). Cyclopropanone: C1-C3 = 1.475(17), C2-C3 = 1.575(12), C=O = 1.191(21) (Pochen, J. M.; Baldwin, J. E.; Flygare, W. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 1896). 1,1-Difluorocyclopropane: C1-C2 = 1.464(2), C2-C3 = 1.553(1), C-F = 1.358(2) (Perretta, A. T.; Laurie, V. W. J. Chem. Phys. 1975, 62, 2469). 1,1-Difluorocyclopropene: C-C = 1.438 (7), C=C = 1.321(1), C-F = 1.365(5) ((Ramaprasad, K. R.; Laurie, V. W.; Craig, N. C. J. Chem. Phys. 1976, 64, 4832).
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The interaction of the CH2 group with the cyclopropane ring has been studied by Norden, T. D.; Staley, S. W.; Taylor, W. H.; Harmony, M. D. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 7912. They found opposing σ and π charge shifts and concluded that the interaction led to stabilization on the order of that for butadiene.
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84920295855
-
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note
-
The sharing indices were calculated using the B3LYP wave-functions.
-
-
-
-
38
-
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84920295854
-
-
note
-
The total energies and zero-point energies are available as Supporting Information.
-
-
-
-
40
-
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84920295852
-
-
note
-
At the MP2/6-311+G* level, the energies of cyclobutene and perfluorocyclobutene are -155.46763 and -551.83013, respectively, and the MP2/6-31G* zero-point energies are 58.5 and 38.3 kcal/mol.
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Petersson, G.A.9
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Raghavachari, K.11
Al-Laham, M.A.12
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Baker, J.31
Stewart, J.P.32
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