메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 410, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 141-165

Genetic, carcinogenic and teratogenic effects of radiofrequency fields

Author keywords

Carcinogenicity; Genetic toxicology; Radiofrequency radiation; Teratogenicity

Indexed keywords

CARCINOGENICITY; GENOTOXICITY; HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIATION EXPOSURE; RADIOFREQUENCY RADIATION; SHORT SURVEY; TELEPHONE; TERATOGENICITY; TOXICITY TESTING;

EID: 0032051589     PISSN: 13835742     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5742(97)00037-9     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (139)

References (125)
  • 2
    • 0021132062 scopus 로고
    • Microwave cataract in radiolinemen and controls
    • [2] F.C. Hollows, J.B. Douglas, Microwave cataract in radiolinemen and controls, Lancet ii (1984) 406-407.
    • (1984) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 406-407
    • Hollows, F.C.1    Douglas, J.B.2
  • 3
    • 0029196767 scopus 로고
    • Calculation of the electromagnetic fields induced in the head of an operator of a cordless telephone
    • [3] L. Martens, J. De Moerloose, D. De Zutter, Calculation of the electromagnetic fields induced in the head of an operator of a cordless telephone, Radio Sci. 30 (1995) 283-290.
    • (1995) Radio Sci. , vol.30 , pp. 283-290
    • Martens, L.1    De Moerloose, J.2    De Zutter, D.3
  • 4
    • 31744432248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The starting point: Wireless technology research, L.L.C.'s dosimetry risk evaluation research
    • [4] A.W. Guy, The starting point: wireless technology research, L.L.C.'s dosimetry risk evaluation research, Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. 3 (1997) 25-50.
    • (1997) Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. , vol.3 , pp. 25-50
    • Guy, A.W.1
  • 5
    • 0003332760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of epidemiological studies
    • N. Kuster, Q. Balzano, J.C. Lin (Eds.), Chapman and Hall, London
    • [5] U. Bergqvist, Review of epidemiological studies, in: N. Kuster, Q. Balzano, J.C. Lin (Eds.), Mobile Communication Safety, Chapman and Hall, London, 1997, pp. 147-170.
    • (1997) Mobile Communication Safety , pp. 147-170
    • Bergqvist, U.1
  • 6
    • 0010337188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RF interference of medical devices
    • N. Kuster, Q. Balzano, J.C. Lin (Eds.), Chapman and Hall, London
    • [6] H.I. Bassen, RF interference of medical devices, in: N. Kuster, Q. Balzano, J.C. Lin (Eds.), Mobile Communication Safety, Chapman and Hall, London, 1997, pp. 65-94.
    • (1997) Mobile Communication Safety , pp. 65-94
    • Bassen, H.I.1
  • 7
    • 0002554676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental and numerical dosimetry
    • N. Kuster, Q. Balzano, J.C. Lin (Eds.), Chapman and Hall, London
    • [7] N. Kuster, Q. Balzano, Experimental and numerical dosimetry., in: N. Kuster, Q. Balzano, J.C. Lin (Eds.), Mobile Communication Safety, Chapman and Hall, London, 1997, pp. 13-64.
    • (1997) Mobile Communication Safety , pp. 13-64
    • Kuster, N.1    Balzano, Q.2
  • 8
    • 0029877850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utility of telephone company records for epidemiologic studies of cellular phones
    • [8] D.P. Funch, K.J. Rothman, J.E. Luoghlin, N.A. Dreuer, Utility of telephone company records for epidemiologic studies of cellular phones, Epidemiology 7 (1996) 299-302.
    • (1996) Epidemiology , vol.7 , pp. 299-302
    • Funch, D.P.1    Rothman, K.J.2    Luoghlin, J.E.3    Dreuer, N.A.4
  • 11
    • 0028791904 scopus 로고
    • Can nonionising radiation induce cancer?
    • [11] L. Verschaeve, Can nonionising radiation induce cancer?, Cancer J. 8 (1995) 237-249.
    • (1995) Cancer J. , vol.8 , pp. 237-249
    • Verschaeve, L.1
  • 12
    • 0004124269 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of health status of foreign service and other employees from selected Eastern European posts
    • Baltimore: Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, (cited in [5])
    • [12] A.M. Lilienfield, J. Tonascia, S. Tonascia, et al., Evaluation of health status of foreign service and other employees from selected Eastern European posts. Final report to US Department of State. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 1978 (cited in [5]).
    • (1978) Final Report to US Department of State
    • Lilienfield, A.M.1    Tonascia, J.2    Tonascia, S.3
  • 13
    • 0023857809 scopus 로고
    • Increased mortality in amateur radio operators due to lymphatic and hematopoietic malignancies
    • [13] S. Milham, Increased mortality in amateur radio operators due to lymphatic and hematopoietic malignancies, Am. J. Epidemiol. 127 (1988) 50-54.
    • (1988) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.127 , pp. 50-54
    • Milham, S.1
  • 14
    • 0028096924 scopus 로고
    • Association between exposure to pulsed electromagnetic fields and cancer in electric utility workers in Quebec, Canada, and France
    • [14] B. Armstrong, G. Thériault, P. Guénel, J. Deadman, M. Goldberg, P. Héroux, Association between exposure to pulsed electromagnetic fields and cancer in electric utility workers in Quebec, Canada, and France, Am. J. Epidemiol. 140 (1994) 805-820.
    • (1994) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.140 , pp. 805-820
    • Armstrong, B.1    Thériault, G.2    Guénel, P.3    Deadman, J.4    Goldberg, M.5    Héroux, P.6
  • 15
    • 0018944314 scopus 로고
    • Effect upon health of occupational exposure to microwave radiation (radar)
    • [15] C.D. Robinette, C. Silverman, S. Jablon, Effect upon health of occupational exposure to microwave radiation (radar), Am. J. Epidemiol. 112 (1980) 39-53.
    • (1980) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.112 , pp. 39-53
    • Robinette, C.D.1    Silverman, C.2    Jablon, S.3
  • 16
    • 0029925998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer morbidity in subjects occupationally exposed to high-frequency (radiofrequency and microwave) electromagnetic radiation
    • [16] S. Szmigielski, Cancer morbidity in subjects occupationally exposed to high-frequency (radiofrequency and microwave) electromagnetic radiation. Sci. Total Environ., 180 (1997) 9-17.
    • (1997) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.180 , pp. 9-17
    • Szmigielski, S.1
  • 17
    • 0020503324 scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of the mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic potential of microwaves
    • [17] A. Léonard, A.J. Berteaud, A. Bruyère, An evaluation of the mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic potential of microwaves, Mutation Res. 123 (1983) 31-46.
    • (1983) Mutation Res. , vol.123 , pp. 31-46
    • Léonard, A.1    Berteaud, A.J.2    Bruyère, A.3
  • 18
    • 0010385517 scopus 로고
    • Biological effects of exposure to non-ionising electromagnetic fields and radiation: III
    • National Radiological Protection Board, Chilton, UK, NRPB-R240
    • [18] R.D. Saunders, C.I. Kowalczuk, Z.J. Sienkiewicz, Biological Effects of Exposure to Non-ionising Electromagnetic Fields and Radiation: III. Radiofrequency and Microwave Radiation, National Radiological Protection Board, Chilton, UK, NRPB-R240, 1991.
    • (1991) Radiofrequency and Microwave Radiation
    • Saunders, R.D.1    Kowalczuk, C.I.2    Sienkiewicz, Z.J.3
  • 19
    • 0027327579 scopus 로고
    • Electromagnetic fields (300 Hz to 300 GHz)
    • WHO, Geneva
    • [19] WHO, Electromagnetic fields (300 Hz to 300 GHz), Environmental Health Criteria 137, WHO, Geneva, 1993, pp. 290.
    • (1993) Environmental Health Criteria , vol.137 , pp. 290
  • 20
    • 0029176418 scopus 로고
    • Genotoxic effects of amplitude-modulated microwaves on human lymphocytes exposed in vitro under controlled conditions
    • [20] G. d'Ambrosio, M.B. Lioi, M.R. Scarfi, O. Zeni, Genotoxic effects of amplitude-modulated microwaves on human lymphocytes exposed in vitro under controlled conditions, Electro-Magnetobiol. 14 (1995) 157-164.
    • (1995) Electro-Magnetobiol. , vol.14 , pp. 157-164
    • D'Ambrosio, G.1    Lioi, M.B.2    Scarfi, M.R.3    Zeni, O.4
  • 21
    • 0017898562 scopus 로고
    • Cytological effects of microwave radiation in Chinese hamster cells in vitro
    • [21] M.T. Alam, N. Barthakur, N.C. Lambert, S.S. Kasatiya, Cytological effects of microwave radiation in Chinese hamster cells in vitro, Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 20 (1978) 23-30.
    • (1978) Can. J. Genet. Cytol. , vol.20 , pp. 23-30
    • Alam, M.T.1    Barthakur, N.2    Lambert, N.C.3    Kasatiya, S.S.4
  • 22
    • 0027727197 scopus 로고
    • In vitro cytogenetic effects of 2450 MHz waves on human peripheral blood lymphocytes
    • [22] A. Maes, L. Verschaeve, A. Arroyo, C. De Wagter, L. Vercruyssen, In vitro cytogenetic effects of 2450 MHz waves on human peripheral blood lymphocytes, Bioelectromagnetics 14 (1993) 495-501.
    • (1993) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.14 , pp. 495-501
    • Maes, A.1    Verschaeve, L.2    Arroyo, A.3    De Wagter, C.4    Vercruyssen, L.5
  • 23
    • 0025895185 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between colony-forming ability, chromosome aberrations and incidence of micronuclei in V79 Chinese hamster cells exposed to microwave radiation
    • [23] V. Garaj-Vrhovac, D. Horvat, Z. Koren, The relationship between colony-forming ability, chromosome aberrations and incidence of micronuclei in V79 Chinese hamster cells exposed to microwave radiation, Mutation Res. 263 (1991) 143-149.
    • (1991) Mutation Res. , vol.263 , pp. 143-149
    • Garaj-Vrhovac, V.1    Horvat, D.2    Koren, Z.3
  • 24
    • 0028178276 scopus 로고
    • Clastogenic effects of radiofrequency radiations on chromosomes in Tradescantia
    • [24] T. Haider, S. Knasmueller, M. Kundi, M. Haider, Clastogenic effects of radiofrequency radiations on chromosomes in Tradescantia, Mutation Res. 324 (1994) 65-68.
    • (1994) Mutation Res. , vol.324 , pp. 65-68
    • Haider, T.1    Knasmueller, S.2    Kundi, M.3    Haider, M.4
  • 25
    • 0010338392 scopus 로고
    • An assessment of the genotoxic activity of radiofrequency radiation
    • Rome
    • [25] D.J. Brusick, An Assessment of the Genotoxic Activity of Radiofrequency Radiation, State of the Science Colloquium, Rome, 1995.
    • (1995) State of the Science Colloquium
    • Brusick, D.J.1
  • 26
    • 0029764313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 954 MHz microwaves enhance the mutagenic properties of mitomycin C
    • [26] A. Maes, M. Collier, D. Slaets, L. Verschaeve, 954 MHz microwaves enhance the mutagenic properties of mitomycin C, Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 28 (1996) 26-30.
    • (1996) Environ. Mol. Mutagen. , vol.28 , pp. 26-30
    • Maes, A.1    Collier, M.2    Slaets, D.3    Verschaeve, L.4
  • 27
    • 0030720852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytogenetic effects of 935.2-MHz (GSM) microwaves alone and in combination with mitomycin C
    • [27] A. Maes, M. Collier, U. Van Gorp, S. Vandoninck, L. Verschaeve, Cytogenetic effects of 935.2-MHz (GSM) microwaves alone and in combination with mitomycin C, Mutation Res., 393 (1997) 151-156.
    • (1997) Mutation Res. , vol.393 , pp. 151-156
    • Maes, A.1    Collier, M.2    Van Gorp, U.3    Vandoninck, S.4    Verschaeve, L.5
  • 28
    • 0010383311 scopus 로고
    • Effet des ondes électromagnétiques non-ionisants sur la viabilité et l'hérédité des cellules de mammifères en culture établie
    • Jouy-en-Josas, France
    • [28] M. Gillois, C. Auge, C. Chevalet, Effet des ondes électromagnétiques non-ionisants sur la viabilité et l'hérédité des cellules de mammifères en culture établie, in: Symposium International: Ondes éléctromagnétiques et Biologie, 30 juin-4 juillet, Jouy-en-Josas, France, 1980, pp. 9-15.
    • (1980) Symposium International: Ondes Éléctromagnétiques et Biologie, 30 Juin-4 Juillet , pp. 9-15
    • Gillois, M.1    Auge, C.2    Chevalet, C.3
  • 29
    • 0018644188 scopus 로고
    • Four years of microwaves in cancer therapy
    • [29] J. Holt, A. Nelson, Four years of microwaves in cancer therapy, J. Belge Radiol. 62 (1976) 467-476.
    • (1976) J. Belge Radiol. , vol.62 , pp. 467-476
    • Holt, J.1    Nelson, A.2
  • 30
    • 0001535961 scopus 로고
    • The effect of microwave radiation on morphology and function of rat testis
    • [30] S.A. Gunn, T.C. Gould, W.A.D. Anderson, The effect of microwave radiation on morphology and function of rat testis, Lab. Invest. 10 (1961) 301-314.
    • (1961) Lab. Invest. , vol.10 , pp. 301-314
    • Gunn, S.A.1    Gould, T.C.2    Anderson, W.A.D.3
  • 31
    • 0021091489 scopus 로고
    • Sperm count and sperm abnormality in mice after exposure to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation
    • [31] C.I. Kowalczuk, R.D. Saunders, H.R. Stapleton, Sperm count and sperm abnormality in mice after exposure to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation, Mutation Res. 122 (1983) 155-161.
    • (1983) Mutation Res. , vol.122 , pp. 155-161
    • Kowalczuk, C.I.1    Saunders, R.D.2    Stapleton, H.R.3
  • 32
    • 0019791118 scopus 로고
    • Effects of 2.45 GHz microwave radiation and heat on mouse spermatogenic epithelium
    • [32] R.D. Saunders, C.I. Kowalczuk, Effects of 2.45 GHz microwave radiation and heat on mouse spermatogenic epithelium, Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 40 (1981) 623-632.
    • (1981) Int. J. Radiat. Biol. , vol.40 , pp. 623-632
    • Saunders, R.D.1    Kowalczuk, C.I.2
  • 34
    • 0010382648 scopus 로고
    • J.G. Wilson, F. Clark, (Eds.). General Principles and Ethiology, Plenum, New York
    • [34] M.J. Edwards, R.A. Wanner, in: J.G. Wilson, F. Clark, (Eds.), Handbook of Teratology, Vol. 1. General Principles and Ethiology, Plenum, New York, 1977, p. 421.
    • (1977) Handbook of Teratology , vol.1 , pp. 421
    • Edwards, M.J.1    Wanner, R.A.2
  • 35
    • 0018112744 scopus 로고
    • Congenital effects due to hyperthermia
    • [35] M.J. Edwards, Congenital effects due to hyperthermia, Adv. Vet. Comp. Med. 22 (1978) 29-52.
    • (1978) Adv. Vet. Comp. Med. , vol.22 , pp. 29-52
    • Edwards, M.J.1
  • 37
    • 0018904719 scopus 로고
    • Mammalian teratogenesis and radiofrequency fields
    • [37] M.E. O'Connor, Mammalian teratogenesis and radiofrequency fields, Proc. IEEE 68 (1980) 56-60.
    • (1980) Proc. IEEE , vol.68 , pp. 56-60
    • O'Connor, M.E.1
  • 38
    • 0028066135 scopus 로고
    • Effect of low power microwave on the mouse genome: A direct DNA analysis
    • [38] S. Sarkar, S. Ali, J. Behari, Effect of low power microwave on the mouse genome: A direct DNA analysis, Mutation Res. 320 (1994) 141-147.
    • (1994) Mutation Res. , vol.320 , pp. 141-147
    • Sarkar, S.1    Ali, S.2    Behari, J.3
  • 39
    • 0029187206 scopus 로고
    • Acute low-intensity microwave exposure increases DNA single-strand breaks in rat brain cells
    • [39] H. Lai, N.P. Singh, Acute low-intensity microwave exposure increases DNA single-strand breaks in rat brain cells, Bioelectromagnetics 16 (1995) 207-210.
    • (1995) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.16 , pp. 207-210
    • Lai, H.1    Singh, N.P.2
  • 40
    • 0029931526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single- and double-strand DNA breaks in rat brain cells after acute exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation
    • [40] H. Lai, N.P. Singh, Single- and double-strand DNA breaks in rat brain cells after acute exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation, Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 69 (1996) 513-521.
    • (1996) Int. J. Radiat. Biol. , vol.69 , pp. 513-521
    • Lai, H.1    Singh, N.P.2
  • 42
    • 0027033550 scopus 로고
    • Research on the neurological effects of non-ionizing radiation at the university of Washington
    • [42] H. Lai, Research on the neurological effects of non-ionizing radiation at the university of Washington, Bioelectromagnetics 13 (1992) 513-526.
    • (1992) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.13 , pp. 513-526
    • Lai, H.1
  • 43
    • 0026767168 scopus 로고
    • X-rays, microwaves and vinyl chloride monomer: Their clastogenic and aneugenic activity, using the micronucleus assay on human lymphocytes
    • [43] A. Fucic, V. Garaj-Vrhovac, M. Skara, B. Dimitrovic, X-rays, microwaves and vinyl chloride monomer: their clastogenic and aneugenic activity, using the micronucleus assay on human lymphocytes, Mutation Res. 282 (1992) 265-271.
    • (1992) Mutation Res. , vol.282 , pp. 265-271
    • Fucic, A.1    Garaj-Vrhovac, V.2    Skara, M.3    Dimitrovic, B.4
  • 44
    • 0025835305 scopus 로고
    • A chromosomal study of workers with long-term exposure to radio-frequency radiation
    • [44] O.M. Garson, T.L. McRobert, L.J. Campbell, B.A. Hocking, I. Gordon, A chromosomal study of workers with long-term exposure to radio-frequency radiation, Med. J. Aust. 155 (1991) 289-292.
    • (1991) Med. J. Aust. , vol.155 , pp. 289-292
    • Garson, O.M.1    McRobert, T.L.2    Campbell, L.J.3    Hocking, B.A.4    Gordon, I.5
  • 46
    • 0025095455 scopus 로고
    • Glioma proliferation modulated in vitro by isothermal radiofrequency radiation exposure
    • [46] S.F. Cleary, L.-M. Liu, R.E. Merchant, Glioma proliferation modulated in vitro by isothermal radiofrequency radiation exposure, Radiat. Res. 121 (1990) 38-45.
    • (1990) Radiat. Res. , vol.121 , pp. 38-45
    • Cleary, S.F.1    Liu, L.-M.2    Merchant, R.E.3
  • 47
    • 0025072203 scopus 로고
    • In vitro lymphocyte proliferation induced by radio-frequency electromagnetic radiation under isothermal conditions
    • [47] S.F. Cleary, L.-M. Liu, R.E. Merchant, In vitro lymphocyte proliferation induced by radio-frequency electromagnetic radiation under isothermal conditions, Bioelectromagnetics 11 (1990) 47-56.
    • (1990) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.11 , pp. 47-56
    • Cleary, S.F.1    Liu, L.-M.2    Merchant, R.E.3
  • 48
    • 0023724351 scopus 로고
    • Increased ornithine decarboxylase activity in cultured cells exposed to low energy modulated microwave fields and phorbol ester tumour promoters
    • [48] C.V. Byus, K. Kartun, S. Pieper, W.R. Adey, Increased ornithine decarboxylase activity in cultured cells exposed to low energy modulated microwave fields and phorbol ester tumour promoters, Cancer Res. 48 (1988) 4222-4226.
    • (1988) Cancer Res. , vol.48 , pp. 4222-4226
    • Byus, C.V.1    Kartun, K.2    Pieper, S.3    Adey, W.R.4
  • 49
    • 0030627786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of modulation on the effect of microwaves on ornithine decarboxylase activity in L929 cells
    • [49] L.M. Penafiel, T. Litovitz, D. Krause, A. Desta, J.M. Mullins, Role of modulation on the effect of microwaves on ornithine decarboxylase activity in L929 cells. Bioelectromagnetics, 18 (1997) 132-141.
    • (1997) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.18 , pp. 132-141
    • Penafiel, L.M.1    Litovitz, T.2    Krause, D.3    Desta, A.4    Mullins, J.M.5
  • 50
    • 0002034180 scopus 로고
    • Immunologic and cancer-related aspects of exposure to low-level microwave and radiofrequency fields
    • A.A. Marino (Ed.), Marcel Dekker, New York
    • [50] S. Szmigielski, M. Bielec, M. Lipski, G. Sokolska, Immunologic and cancer-related aspects of exposure to low-level microwave and radiofrequency fields, in: A.A. Marino (Ed.), Modern Bioelectricity, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1988, 861-869.
    • (1988) Modern Bioelectricity , pp. 861-869
    • Szmigielski, S.1    Bielec, M.2    Lipski, M.3    Sokolska, G.4
  • 51
    • 0028719082 scopus 로고
    • Effects of 2.45 GHz microwave radiation and phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate or dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer in mice
    • [51] R.Y. Wu, H. Chiang, B.J. Shao, N.G. Li, Y.D. Fu, Effects of 2.45 GHz microwave radiation and phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate or dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer in mice, Bioelectromagnetics 15 (1994) 531-538.
    • (1994) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.15 , pp. 531-538
    • Wu, R.Y.1    Chiang, H.2    Shao, B.J.3    Li, N.G.4    Fu, Y.D.5
  • 52
    • 0023852040 scopus 로고
    • B16 melanoma development in black mice exposed to low-level microwave radiation
    • [52] R. Santini, M. Honsi, P. Deschaux, H. Pacheco, B16 melanoma development in black mice exposed to low-level microwave radiation, Bioelectromagnetics 9 (1988) 105-107.
    • (1988) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.9 , pp. 105-107
    • Santini, R.1    Honsi, M.2    Deschaux, P.3    Pacheco, H.4
  • 53
    • 3142720397 scopus 로고
    • Experimental studies of brain tumour development during exposure to continuous and pulsed 915 MHz radiofrequency radiation
    • [53] L.G. Salford, A. Brun, B.R.R. Persson, J. Eberhardt, Experimental studies of brain tumour development during exposure to continuous and pulsed 915 MHz radiofrequency radiation, Bioelectrochem. Bioenerget. 30 (1993) 313-318.
    • (1993) Bioelectrochem. Bioenerget. , vol.30 , pp. 313-318
    • Salford, L.G.1    Brun, A.2    Persson, B.R.R.3    Eberhardt, J.4
  • 54
    • 0020411236 scopus 로고
    • Accelerated development of spontaneous and benzopyrene-induced skin cancer in mice exposed to 2450 MHz microwave radiation
    • [54] S. Szmigielski, A. Szudzinski, A. Pietraszek, M. Bielec, J.K. Wrembel, Accelerated development of spontaneous and benzopyrene-induced skin cancer in mice exposed to 2450 MHz microwave radiation, Bioelectromagnetics 3 (1982) 179-191.
    • (1982) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.3 , pp. 179-191
    • Szmigielski, S.1    Szudzinski, A.2    Pietraszek, A.3    Bielec, M.4    Wrembel, J.K.5
  • 55
    • 0030913092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lymphomas in Eμ-Pim1 transgenic mice exposed to pulsed 900 MHz electromagnetic fields
    • [55] M.H. Repacholi, A. Basten, V. Gebski, D. Noonan, J. Finnie, A.W. Harris, Lymphomas in Eμ-Pim1 transgenic mice exposed to pulsed 900 MHz electromagnetic fields, Radiation Res. 147 (1997) 631-640.
    • (1997) Radiation Res. , vol.147 , pp. 631-640
    • Repacholi, M.H.1    Basten, A.2    Gebski, V.3    Noonan, D.4    Finnie, J.5    Harris, A.W.6
  • 56
    • 0010416179 scopus 로고
    • Potential public health risks from wireless technology
    • Scientific Advisory Group on Cellular Telephone Research, Washington, DC
    • [56] G.L. Carlo, I. Munro, A.W. Guy, Potential public health risks from wireless technology, in: Research Agenda for the Development of Data for Science-based Decisionmaking, Scientific Advisory Group on Cellular Telephone Research, Washington, DC, 1994, pp. 87-95.
    • (1994) Research Agenda for the Development of Data for Science-Based Decisionmaking , pp. 87-95
    • Carlo, G.L.1    Munro, I.2    Guy, A.W.3
  • 57
    • 0004836072 scopus 로고
    • Overview of the radiofrequency radiation bioeffects database
    • in: B.J. Kleuenberg, M. Grandolfo, D. Erwin (Eds.), Radiofrequency Radiation Standards. Biological Effects, Dosimetry, Epidemiology and Public Health Policy
    • [57] P. Polson, L.N. Heynick, Overview of the radiofrequency radiation bioeffects database, in: B.J. Kleuenberg, M. Grandolfo, D. Erwin (Eds.), Radiofrequency Radiation Standards. Biological Effects, Dosimetry, Epidemiology and Public Health Policy, NATO ASI Series A; 274, 1994, 337-388.
    • (1994) NATO ASI Series A , vol.274 , pp. 337-388
    • Polson, P.1    Heynick, L.N.2
  • 58
    • 0023310263 scopus 로고
    • Immunological effects of nonionizing electromagnetic radiation
    • [58] R.J. Smialowicz, Immunological effects of nonionizing electromagnetic radiation, IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Mag. 6 (1987) 47-51.
    • (1987) IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Mag. , vol.6 , pp. 47-51
    • Smialowicz, R.J.1
  • 59
    • 0015686535 scopus 로고
    • Thermal denaturation of DNA exposed to 2450 MHz CW microwave radiation
    • [59] P.E. Hamrick, Thermal denaturation of DNA exposed to 2450 MHz CW microwave radiation, Radiat. Res. 56 (1973) 400-404.
    • (1973) Radiat. Res. , vol.56 , pp. 400-404
    • Hamrick, P.E.1
  • 60
    • 0003349525 scopus 로고
    • Cytogenetic consequences of microwave incubation of mammalian cells in culture
    • [60] K.T.S. Yao, Cytogenetic consequences of microwave incubation of mammalian cells in culture, Genetics 83 (1976) s84.
    • (1976) Genetics , vol.83
    • Yao, K.T.S.1
  • 61
    • 0020035099 scopus 로고
    • Cytogenetic consequences of microwave irradiation on mammalian cells incubated in vitro
    • [61] K.T.S. Yao, Cytogenetic consequences of microwave irradiation on mammalian cells incubated in vitro, J. Hered. 73 (1982) 133.
    • (1982) J. Hered. , vol.73 , pp. 133
    • Yao, K.T.S.1
  • 62
    • 0021137676 scopus 로고
    • No clastogenic effect from in vitro microwave irradiation of GO lymphocytes
    • [62] D.C. Lloyd, R.D. Saunders, P. Finnon, C.I. Kowalczuk, No clastogenic effect from in vitro microwave irradiation of GO lymphocytes, Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 46 (1984) 135-141.
    • (1984) Int. J. Radiat. Biol. , vol.46 , pp. 135-141
    • Lloyd, D.C.1    Saunders, R.D.2    Finnon, P.3    Kowalczuk, C.I.4
  • 63
    • 0022654608 scopus 로고
    • Absence of chromosomal damage in human lymphocytes exposed to microwave radiation with hyperthermia
    • [63] D.C. Lloyd, R.D. Saunders, J.E. Moquet, C.I. Kowalczuk, Absence of chromosomal damage in human lymphocytes exposed to microwave radiation with hyperthermia, Bioelectromagnetics 7 (1986) 235-237.
    • (1986) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.7 , pp. 235-237
    • Lloyd, D.C.1    Saunders, R.D.2    Moquet, J.E.3    Kowalczuk, C.I.4
  • 64
    • 0025098471 scopus 로고
    • The effect of microwave radiation on the cell genome
    • [64] V. Garaj-Vrhovac, D. Horvat, Z. Koren, The effect of microwave radiation on the cell genome, Mutation Res. 243 (1990) 87-93.
    • (1990) Mutation Res. , vol.243 , pp. 87-93
    • Garaj-Vrhovac, V.1    Horvat, D.2    Koren, Z.3
  • 65
    • 0026542658 scopus 로고
    • The correlation between the frequency of micronuclei and specific chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes exposed to microwave radiation in vitro
    • [65] V. Garaj-Vrhovac, A. Fucic, D. Horvat, The correlation between the frequency of micronuclei and specific chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes exposed to microwave radiation in vitro, Mutation Res. 281 (1992) 181-186.
    • (1992) Mutation Res. , vol.281 , pp. 181-186
    • Garaj-Vrhovac, V.1    Fucic, A.2    Horvat, D.3
  • 66
    • 0028833106 scopus 로고
    • Cytogenetic effects of microwaves from mobile communication frequencies (954 MHz)
    • [66] A. Maes, M. Collier, D. Slaets, L. Verschaeve, Cytogenetic effects of microwaves from mobile communication frequencies (954 MHz), Electro-Magnetobiol. 14 (1995) 91-98.
    • (1995) Electro-Magnetobiol. , vol.14 , pp. 91-98
    • Maes, A.1    Collier, M.2    Slaets, D.3    Verschaeve, L.4
  • 68
    • 0000042848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of 415 MHz frequency on human lymphocyte genome
    • Vienna, Austria
    • [68] V. Garaj-Vrhovac, S. Vojvodic, A. Fucic, D. Kubelka, Effects of 415 MHz frequency on human lymphocyte genome, in: Proceedings IRPA9 Congress, Vienna, Austria, Vol. 3, 1996, pp. 604-606.
    • (1996) Proceedings IRPA9 Congress , vol.3 , pp. 604-606
    • Garaj-Vrhovac, V.1    Vojvodic, S.2    Fucic, A.3    Kubelka, D.4
  • 69
    • 0023225250 scopus 로고
    • Effects of radiofrequency radiation and simultaneous exposure with mitomycin C on the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges in Chinese hamster ovary cells
    • [69] V. Ciaravino, M.L. Meltz, D.N. Erwin, Effects of radiofrequency radiation and simultaneous exposure with mitomycin C on the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges in Chinese hamster ovary cells, Environ. Mutagen. 9 (1987) 393-399.
    • (1987) Environ. Mutagen. , vol.9 , pp. 393-399
    • Ciaravino, V.1    Meltz, M.L.2    Erwin, D.N.3
  • 70
    • 0023229371 scopus 로고
    • Radiofrequency (microwave) radiation exposure on mammalian cells during UV-induced DNA repair synthesis
    • [70] M.L. Meltz, K.A. Walker, Radiofrequency (microwave) radiation exposure on mammalian cells during UV-induced DNA repair synthesis, Radiation Res. 110 (1987) 255-266.
    • (1987) Radiation Res. , vol.110 , pp. 255-266
    • Meltz, M.L.1    Walker, K.A.2
  • 71
    • 0024361691 scopus 로고
    • Absence of mutagenic interaction between microwaves and mitomycin C in mammalian cells
    • [71] M.L. Meltz, P. Eagan, D.N. Erwin, Absence of mutagenic interaction between microwaves and mitomycin C in mammalian cells, Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 13 (1989) 294-303.
    • (1989) Environ. Mol. Mutagen. , vol.13 , pp. 294-303
    • Meltz, M.L.1    Eagan, P.2    Erwin, D.N.3
  • 72
    • 0026366133 scopus 로고
    • Absence of synergistic effect between moderate-power radio-frequency electromagnetic radiation and adriamycin on cell-cycle progression and sister chromatid exchange
    • [72] V. Ciaravino, M.L. Meltz, D.N. Erwin, Absence of synergistic effect between moderate-power radio-frequency electromagnetic radiation and adriamycin on cell-cycle progression and sister chromatid exchange, Bioelectromagnetics 12 (1991) 289-298.
    • (1991) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.12 , pp. 289-298
    • Ciaravino, V.1    Meltz, M.L.2    Erwin, D.N.3
  • 73
    • 0025104493 scopus 로고
    • Influence of radiofrequency radiation on chromosome aberrations in CHO cells and its interaction with DNA damaging agents
    • [73] J.J. Kerbacher, M.L. Meltz, D.N. Erwin, Influence of radiofrequency radiation on chromosome aberrations in CHO cells and its interaction with DNA damaging agents, Radiat. Res. 123 (1990) 311-319.
    • (1990) Radiat. Res. , vol.123 , pp. 311-319
    • Kerbacher, J.J.1    Meltz, M.L.2    Erwin, D.N.3
  • 74
    • 0025062059 scopus 로고
    • Proflavin and microwave radiation: Absence of a mutagenic interaction
    • [74] M.L. Meltz, P. Eagan, D.N. Erwin, Proflavin and microwave radiation: absence of a mutagenic interaction, Bioelectromagnetics 11 (1990) 149-157.
    • (1990) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.11 , pp. 149-157
    • Meltz, M.L.1    Eagan, P.2    Erwin, D.N.3
  • 75
    • 0017556726 scopus 로고
    • The effect of microwave radiation (2450 MHz) on the morphology and chromosomes of lymphocytes
    • [75] A.T. Huang, M.E. Engle, J.A. Elder, J.B. Kinn, T.R. Ward, The effect of microwave radiation (2450 MHz) on the morphology and chromosomes of lymphocytes, Radio Sci. 12 (S) (1977) 173.
    • (1977) Radio Sci. , vol.12 , Issue.S , pp. 173
    • Huang, A.T.1    Engle, M.E.2    Elder, J.A.3    Kinn, J.B.4    Ward, T.R.5
  • 77
    • 0019422358 scopus 로고
    • Incidence of sister chromatid exchange in bone marrow cells of the mouse following microwave exposure
    • [77] D.I. McRee, G. MacNichols, G.K. Livingston, Incidence of sister chromatid exchange in bone marrow cells of the mouse following microwave exposure, Radiat. Res. 85 (1981) 340-348.
    • (1981) Radiat. Res. , vol.85 , pp. 340-348
    • McRee, D.I.1    MacNichols, G.2    Livingston, G.K.3
  • 78
    • 0020595766 scopus 로고
    • Testicular function of rats following exposure to microwave radiation
    • [78] R.M. Lebovitz, L. Johnson, Testicular function of rats following exposure to microwave radiation, Bioelectromagnetics 4 (1986) 107-112.
    • (1986) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.4 , pp. 107-112
    • Lebovitz, R.M.1    Johnson, L.2
  • 79
    • 0023117233 scopus 로고
    • Acute, whole body microwave exposure and testicular function of rats
    • [79] R.M. Lebovitz, L. Johnson, Acute, whole body microwave exposure and testicular function of rats, Bioelectromagnetics 8 (1987) 37-46.
    • (1987) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.8 , pp. 37-46
    • Lebovitz, R.M.1    Johnson, L.2
  • 80
    • 0019297895 scopus 로고
    • Tests for mutagenesis and reproduction in male rats exposed to 2.45 GHz (CW) microwaves
    • [80] E. Berman, H.B. Carter, D. House, Tests for mutagenesis and reproduction in male rats exposed to 2.45 GHz (CW) microwaves, Bioelectromagnetics 1 (1980) 65-76.
    • (1980) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.1 , pp. 65-76
    • Berman, E.1    Carter, H.B.2    House, D.3
  • 81
    • 0001276986 scopus 로고
    • Mutagenicity induced by non-ionizing radiation in swiss male mice
    • C.C. Johnson, M. Shore (Eds.), Food and Drug Administration, US, (FDA), Washington, DC, USNC/URSI Annual Meeting -selected papers, Oct. 20-23, Boulder, CO
    • [81] M.M. Varma, E.L. Dage, S.R. Joshi, Mutagenicity induced by non-ionizing radiation in swiss male mice, in: C.C. Johnson, M. Shore (Eds.), Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Waves, Vol. 1, Food and Drug Administration, US, (FDA), Washington, DC, USNC/URSI Annual Meeting -selected papers, Oct. 20-23, Boulder, CO, 1976, pp. 397-405.
    • (1976) Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Waves , vol.1 , pp. 397-405
    • Varma, M.M.1    Dage, E.L.2    Joshi, S.R.3
  • 83
    • 0000438219 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of dominant lethal test and DNA studies in measuring mutagenicity caused by non-ionizing radiation
    • C.C. Johnson, M. Shore (Eds.), Food and Drug Administration, US, (FDA), Washington, DC, USNC/URSI Annual Meeting - selected papers, Oct. 20-23, Boulder, CO
    • [83] M.M. Varma, E.A. Traboulay, Evaluation of dominant lethal test and DNA studies in measuring mutagenicity caused by non-ionizing radiation, in: C.C. Johnson, M. Shore (Eds.), Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Waves, Vol. 1, Food and Drug Administration, US, (FDA), Washington, DC, USNC/URSI Annual Meeting - selected papers, Oct. 20-23, Boulder, CO, 1976, pp. 386-396.
    • (1976) Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Waves , vol.1 , pp. 386-396
    • Varma, M.M.1    Traboulay, E.A.2
  • 84
    • 0020548990 scopus 로고
    • Dominant lethal studies in male mice after exposure to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation
    • [84] R.D. Saunders, S.C. Darby, C.I. Kowalczuk, Dominant lethal studies in male mice after exposure to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation, Mutation Res. 117 (1983) 345-356.
    • (1983) Mutation Res. , vol.117 , pp. 345-356
    • Saunders, R.D.1    Darby, S.C.2    Kowalczuk, C.I.3
  • 85
    • 0023932989 scopus 로고
    • Studies of the induction of dominant lethals and translocations in male mice after chronic exposure to microwave radiation
    • [85] R.D. Saunders, C.I. Kowalczuk, C.V. Beechey, R. Dunford, Studies of the induction of dominant lethals and translocations in male mice after chronic exposure to microwave radiation, Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 53 (1988) 983-992.
    • (1988) Int. J. Radiat. Biol. , vol.53 , pp. 983-992
    • Saunders, R.D.1    Kowalczuk, C.I.2    Beechey, C.V.3    Dunford, R.4
  • 86
    • 0021994750 scopus 로고
    • Effects of 2.45 GHz microwaves on meiotic chromosomes of male CBA/CAY mice
    • [86] E. Manikowska-Czerska, P. Czerski, W.M. Leach, Effects of 2.45 GHz microwaves on meiotic chromosomes of male CBA/CAY mice, J. Hered. 76 (1985) 71.
    • (1985) J. Hered. , vol.76 , pp. 71
    • Manikowska-Czerska, E.1    Czerski, P.2    Leach, W.M.3
  • 87
    • 0019523110 scopus 로고
    • Cytological studies in mouse testis irradiated with 2.45 GHz continuous-wave microwaves
    • [87] A.B. Cairnie, R.K. Harding, Cytological studies in mouse testis irradiated with 2.45 GHz continuous-wave microwaves, Radiat. Res. 87 (1981) 100-108.
    • (1981) Radiat. Res. , vol.87 , pp. 100-108
    • Cairnie, A.B.1    Harding, R.K.2
  • 88
    • 84938176881 scopus 로고
    • Are microwaves teratogenic?
    • P. Czerski, K. Ostrowski, M.L. Shore, C.H. Silverman, M.J. Suess, B. Waldeskog (Eds.), Polish Medical Publishers, Warsaw
    • [88] R. Rugh, E.I. Ginns, H.S. Ho, W.H. Leach, Are microwaves teratogenic?, in: P. Czerski, K. Ostrowski, M.L. Shore, C.H. Silverman, M.J. Suess, B. Waldeskog (Eds.), Biological Effects and Health Hazards of Microwave Radiation, Polish Medical Publishers, Warsaw, 1974, p. 98.
    • (1974) Biological Effects and Health Hazards of Microwave Radiation , pp. 98
    • Rugh, R.1    Ginns, E.I.2    Ho, H.S.3    Leach, W.H.4
  • 89
    • 0018128924 scopus 로고
    • Observations of mouse foetuses after irradiation with 2.45 GHz microwaves
    • [89] E. Berman, J.B. Kinn, H.B. Carter, Observations of mouse foetuses after irradiation with 2.45 GHz microwaves, Health Phys. 35 (1978) 791-801.
    • (1978) Health Phys. , vol.35 , pp. 791-801
    • Berman, E.1    Kinn, J.B.2    Carter, H.B.3
  • 90
    • 0020352320 scopus 로고
    • Teratogenic effects of 27.12 MHz radiofrequency radiation in rats
    • [90] J.M. Lary, D.L. Conover, E.D. Foley, P.L. Hanser, Teratogenic effects of 27.12 MHz radiofrequency radiation in rats, Teratology 26 (1982) 299-309.
    • (1982) Teratology , vol.26 , pp. 299-309
    • Lary, J.M.1    Conover, D.L.2    Foley, E.D.3    Hanser, P.L.4
  • 91
    • 0020955241 scopus 로고
    • Teratogenicity of 27.12 MHz radiation in rats is related to duration of hyperthermia exposure
    • [91] J.M. Lary, D.L. Conover, P.H. Johnson, J.R. Burg, Teratogenicity of 27.12 MHz radiation in rats is related to duration of hyperthermia exposure, Bioelectromagnetics 4 (1983) 249-253.
    • (1983) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.4 , pp. 249-253
    • Lary, J.M.1    Conover, D.L.2    Johnson, P.H.3    Burg, J.R.4
  • 92
    • 0022635543 scopus 로고
    • Dose - Response relationship between body temperature and birth defects in radiofrequency-irradiated rats
    • [92] J.M. Lary, D.L. Conover, P.H. Johnson, R.W. Hornung, Dose - response relationship between body temperature and birth defects in radiofrequency-irradiated rats, Bioelectromagnetics 7 (1986) 141-149.
    • (1986) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.7 , pp. 141-149
    • Lary, J.M.1    Conover, D.L.2    Johnson, P.H.3    Hornung, R.W.4
  • 93
    • 0021343121 scopus 로고
    • Studies of the teratogenic potential of exposure of rats to 6000-MHz microwave radiation I
    • [93] R.P. Jensh, Studies of the teratogenic potential of exposure of rats to 6000-MHz microwave radiation I. Morphologic analysis at term, Radiat. Res. 97 (1984) 272-281.
    • (1984) Morphologic Analysis at Term, Radiat. Res. , vol.97 , pp. 272-281
    • Jensh, R.P.1
  • 94
    • 0021327402 scopus 로고
    • Studies of the teratogenic potential of exposure of rats to 6000-MHz microwave radiation II. Postnatal psychophysiologic evaluations
    • [94] R.P. Jensh, Studies of the teratogenic potential of exposure of rats to 6000-MHz microwave radiation II. Postnatal psychophysiologic evaluations, Radiat. Res. 97 (1984) 282-301.
    • (1984) Radiat. Res. , vol.97 , pp. 282-301
    • Jensh, R.P.1
  • 95
    • 0019546863 scopus 로고
    • Observations of rat foetuses after irradiation with 2450-MHz (CW) microwaves
    • [95] E. Berman, H.B. Carter, D. House, Observations of rat foetuses after irradiation with 2450-MHz (CW) microwaves, J. Microwave Power 16 (1981) 9-15.
    • (1981) J. Microwave Power , vol.16 , pp. 9-15
    • Berman, E.1    Carter, H.B.2    House, D.3
  • 96
    • 0021352719 scopus 로고
    • Decreased body weight in foetal rats after irradiation with 2450-MHz (CW) microwaves
    • [96] E. Berman, H.B. Carter, Decreased body weight in foetal rats after irradiation with 2450-MHz (CW) microwaves, Health Phys. 46 (1984) 537-542.
    • (1984) Health Phys. , vol.46 , pp. 537-542
    • Berman, E.1    Carter, H.B.2
  • 97
    • 0020670641 scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of the teratogenic potential of protracted exposure of pregnant rats to 2450-MHz microwave radiation. I. Morphologic analysis at term
    • [97] R.P. Jensh, W.H. Vogel, R.L. Brent, An evaluation of the teratogenic potential of protracted exposure of pregnant rats to 2450-MHz microwave radiation. I. Morphologic analysis at term, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 11 (1983) 23-36.
    • (1983) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health , vol.11 , pp. 23-36
    • Jensh, R.P.1    Vogel, W.H.2    Brent, R.L.3
  • 98
    • 0020693555 scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of the teratogenic potential of protracted exposure of pregnant rats to 2450-MHz microwave radiation II. Postnatal physiologic analysis
    • [98] R.P. Jensh, W.H. Vogel, R.L. Brent, An evaluation of the teratogenic potential of protracted exposure of pregnant rats to 2450-MHz microwave radiation II. Postnatal physiologic analysis, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 11 (1983) 37-45.
    • (1983) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health , vol.11 , pp. 37-45
    • Jensh, R.P.1    Vogel, W.H.2    Brent, R.L.3
  • 99
    • 0020232391 scopus 로고
    • Postnatal functional analysis of prenatal exposure of rats to 915 MHz microwave radiation
    • [99] R.P. Jensh, W.H. Vogel, R.L. Brent, Postnatal functional analysis of prenatal exposure of rats to 915 MHz microwave radiation, J. Am. Coll. Toxicol. 1 (1982) 73-84.
    • (1982) J. Am. Coll. Toxicol. , vol.1 , pp. 73-84
    • Jensh, R.P.1    Vogel, W.H.2    Brent, R.L.3
  • 100
    • 0019901053 scopus 로고
    • Teratologic studies of prenatal exposure of rats to 915-MHz microwave radiation
    • [100] R.P. Jensh, I. Weinberg, R.L. Brent, Teratologic studies of prenatal exposure of rats to 915-MHz microwave radiation, Radiat. Res. 92 (1982) 160-171.
    • (1982) Radiat. Res. , vol.92 , pp. 160-171
    • Jensh, R.P.1    Weinberg, I.2    Brent, R.L.3
  • 101
    • 0020540085 scopus 로고
    • Absence of embryotoxic effects from low-level (non-thermal) exposure of rats to 100 MHz radiofrequency radiation
    • [101] J.M. Lary, D.L. Conover, P.H. Johnson, Absence of embryotoxic effects from low-level (non-thermal) exposure of rats to 100 MHz radiofrequency radiation, Scan. J. Work Environ. health 9 (1983) 120-129.
    • (1983) Scan. J. Work Environ. Health , vol.9 , pp. 120-129
    • Lary, J.M.1    Conover, D.L.2    Johnson, P.H.3
  • 102
    • 0022975082 scopus 로고
    • Effects of continuous low-level exposure to radiofrequency radiation on intrauterine development in rats
    • [102] S. Tofani, G. Agnesod, P. Ossola, S. Ferrini, R. Bussi, Effects of continuous low-level exposure to radiofrequency radiation on intrauterine development in rats, Health Phys. 51 (1986) 489-499.
    • (1986) Health Phys. , vol.51 , pp. 489-499
    • Tofani, S.1    Agnesod, G.2    Ossola, P.3    Ferrini, S.4    Bussi, R.5
  • 103
    • 0019852464 scopus 로고
    • Effects of 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on embryofetal development in mice
    • [103] P.S. Nawrot, D.I. McRee, R.E. Staples, Effects of 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on embryofetal development in mice, Teratology 24 (1981) 303-314.
    • (1981) Teratology , vol.24 , pp. 303-314
    • Nawrot, P.S.1    McRee, D.I.2    Staples, R.E.3
  • 104
    • 0021960047 scopus 로고
    • Teratogenic, biochemical, and histological studies with mice prenatally exposed to 2.45-GHz microwave radiation
    • [104] P.S. Nawrot, D.I. McRee, M.J. Galvin, Teratogenic, biochemical, and histological studies with mice prenatally exposed to 2.45-GHz microwave radiation, Radiat. Res. 102 (1985) 35-45.
    • (1985) Radiat. Res. , vol.102 , pp. 35-45
    • Nawrot, P.S.1    McRee, D.I.2    Galvin, M.J.3
  • 105
    • 0020411237 scopus 로고
    • Reduced weight in mice of offspring after in utero exposure to 2450-MHz (CW) microwaves
    • [105] E. Berman, H.B. Carter, D. House, Reduced weight in mice of offspring after in utero exposure to 2450-MHz (CW) microwaves, Bioelectromagnetics 3 (1982) 285-291.
    • (1982) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.3 , pp. 285-291
    • Berman, E.1    Carter, H.B.2    House, D.3
  • 106
    • 0021752661 scopus 로고
    • Growth and development of mice offspring after irradiation in utero with 2450-MHz microwaves
    • [106] E. Berman, H.B. Carter, D. House, Growth and development of mice offspring after irradiation in utero with 2450-MHz microwaves, Teratology 30 (1984) 393-402.
    • (1984) Teratology , vol.30 , pp. 393-402
    • Berman, E.1    Carter, H.B.2    House, D.3
  • 107
    • 0020142759 scopus 로고
    • Observations of Syrian hamster foetuses after exposure to 2450-MHz microwaves
    • [107] E. Berman, H.B. Carter, D. House, Observations of Syrian hamster foetuses after exposure to 2450-MHz microwaves, J. Microwave Power 17 (1982) 107-112.
    • (1982) J. Microwave Power , vol.17 , pp. 107-112
    • Berman, E.1    Carter, H.B.2    House, D.3
  • 108
  • 110
    • 0025864933 scopus 로고
    • Marked increase in the teratogenicity of the combined administration of the industrial solvent 2-methoxyethanol and radiofrequency radiation in rats
    • [110] B.K. Nelson, D.L. Conover, W.S. Brightwell, P.B. Shaw, D. Werren, R.M. Edwards, J.M. Lary, Marked increase in the teratogenicity of the combined administration of the industrial solvent 2-methoxyethanol and radiofrequency radiation in rats, Teratology 43 (1991) 621-634.
    • (1991) Teratology , vol.43 , pp. 621-634
    • Nelson, B.K.1    Conover, D.L.2    Brightwell, W.S.3    Shaw, P.B.4    Werren, D.5    Edwards, R.M.6    Lary, J.M.7
  • 111
    • 0014078523 scopus 로고
    • Microwave-induced lymphoblastoid transformation of human lymphocytes in vitro
    • [111] W. Stodolnik-Baranska, Microwave-induced lymphoblastoid transformation of human lymphocytes in vitro, Nature 214 (1967) 102-103.
    • (1967) Nature , vol.214 , pp. 102-103
    • Stodolnik-Baranska, W.1
  • 113
    • 0022081173 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for microwave carcinogenicity in vitro
    • [113] E.K. Balcer-Kubiczek, G.H. Harrison, Evidence for microwave carcinogenicity in vitro, Carcinogenesis 6 (1985) 859-864.
    • (1985) Carcinogenesis , vol.6 , pp. 859-864
    • Balcer-Kubiczek, E.K.1    Harrison, G.H.2
  • 114
    • 0024518441 scopus 로고
    • Induction of neoplastic transformation in C3H/10T1/2 cells by 2.45 GHz microwaves and phorbol ester
    • [114] E.K. Balcer-Kubiczek, G.H. Harrison, Induction of neoplastic transformation in C3H/10T1/2 cells by 2.45 GHz microwaves and phorbol ester, Radiat. Res. 117 (1989) 531-537.
    • (1989) Radiat. Res. , vol.117 , pp. 531-537
    • Balcer-Kubiczek, E.K.1    Harrison, G.H.2
  • 115
    • 0025893876 scopus 로고
    • Neoplastic transformation of C3H/10T1/2 cells following exposure to 120 Hz modulated 2.45 GHz microwaves and phorbol ester tumour promoter
    • [115] E.K. Balcer-Kubiczek, G.H. Harrison, Neoplastic transformation of C3H/10T1/2 cells following exposure to 120 Hz modulated 2.45 GHz microwaves and phorbol ester tumour promoter, Radiat. Res. 126 (1991) 65-72.
    • (1991) Radiat. Res. , vol.126 , pp. 65-72
    • Balcer-Kubiczek, E.K.1    Harrison, G.H.2
  • 116
    • 0030111016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of isothermal 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on the mammalian cell cycle: Comparison with effects of isothermal 27 MHz radiofrequency radiation exposure
    • [116] S.F. Cleary, G. Cao, L.M. Liu, Effects of isothermal 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on the mammalian cell cycle: comparison with effects of isothermal 27 MHz radiofrequency radiation exposure, Bioelectrochem. Bioenerget. 39 (1996) 167-173.
    • (1996) Bioelectrochem. Bioenerget. , vol.39 , pp. 167-173
    • Cleary, S.F.1    Cao, G.2    Liu, L.M.3
  • 117
    • 0001430540 scopus 로고
    • Effects of chronic microwave irradiation on mice
    • [117] S. Prausnitz, C. Susskind, Effects of chronic microwave irradiation on mice, IRE Trans. Biomed. Electron. 9 (1962) 104-108.
    • (1962) IRE Trans. Biomed. Electron. , vol.9 , pp. 104-108
    • Prausnitz, S.1    Susskind, C.2
  • 118
    • 0015046028 scopus 로고
    • Effects of 800 MHz electromagnetic radiation on body weight, activity, hematopoiesis and life span in mice
    • [118] J.F. Spalding, R.W. Freyman, L.M. Holland, Effects of 800 MHz electromagnetic radiation on body weight, activity, hematopoiesis and life span in mice, Health Phys. 20 (1971) 421-424.
    • (1971) Health Phys. , vol.20 , pp. 421-424
    • Spalding, J.F.1    Freyman, R.W.2    Holland, L.M.3
  • 119
    • 0015976789 scopus 로고
    • Biological effects in rodents exposed to 108 pulses of electromagnetic radiation
    • [119] W.D. Skidmore, S.J. Baum, Biological effects in rodents exposed to 108 pulses of electromagnetic radiation, Health Phys. 26 (1974) 391-398.
    • (1974) Health Phys. , vol.26 , pp. 391-398
    • Skidmore, W.D.1    Baum, S.J.2
  • 121
    • 0018230527 scopus 로고
    • Retarded tumour growth and greater longevity in mice after foetal irradiation by 2450 MHz microwaves
    • [121] S.H. Preskorn, W.D. Edwards, D.R. Justesen, Retarded tumour growth and greater longevity in mice after foetal irradiation by 2450 MHz microwaves, J. Surg. Oncol. 10 (1978) 483-492.
    • (1978) J. Surg. Oncol. , vol.10 , pp. 483-492
    • Preskorn, S.H.1    Edwards, W.D.2    Justesen, D.R.3
  • 122
  • 125
    • 0030998108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequency of micronuclei in the peripheral blood and bone marrow of cancer-prone mice chronically exposed to 2450 MHz radiofrequency radiation
    • [125] D.Z. Vijayalaxmi, M.R. Frei, S.J. Dusch, V. Guel, M.L. Meltz, J.R. Jauchem, Frequency of micronuclei in the peripheral blood and bone marrow of cancer-prone mice chronically exposed to 2450 MHz radiofrequency radiation, Radiat. Res. 147 (1997) 495-500.
    • (1997) Radiat. Res. , vol.147 , pp. 495-500
    • Vijayalaxmi, D.Z.1    Frei, M.R.2    Dusch, S.J.3    Guel, V.4    Meltz, M.L.5    Jauchem, J.R.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.