Design, experimental and economic evaluation of a commercial-type solar dryer for production of high-quality hay

Drying Technology

Volumn 16, Issue 3-5, 1998, Pages 597-626

  Arinze, E A ^a   Sokhansanj, S ^a   Schoenau, G J ^a   Crerar, B ^a   Opoku, A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DRYING; EQUIPMENT TESTING; INDUSTRIAL ECONOMICS; PERFORMANCE; PLANTS (BOTANY); PRODUCTION;

COMMERCIALIZATION; FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE TEST; HAY; HAY PRODUCTION; SOLAR DRYING;

SOLAR DRYERS;

DESIGN; DRYER; SOLAR POWER;

EID: 0032030381     PISSN: 07373937     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/07373939808917426     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. ACAE, 1986, Bam Hay Drying, Atlantic Committee on Agricultural Engineering, Atlantic Provinces Agric. Services Coordinating Committee, Halifax, ACAE Pub. 8 AGDEX 736.
2. Arinze, EA., Schoenau , G.J., and Besant, R.W., 1986, Prcdicton of Incident and Transmitted Solar Irrandiance or Iradiation for a Tiled Surface with Double-layered Plastic Covers, Solar Energy: The International Journal, 36(2) pp. 191-195.
3. Arinze, E.A., Schoenau, G.J., and Bigsby, F.W., 1987, Determination of Solar Energy Absorption and Thermal Radiative Properties of some Agricultural Products, Transactions of the ASAE, 30(1): pp. 259-265.
4. Arinze, E.A., Sokhansanj, S, and Schoenau , G.J., 1993. Development of Optimal Management Schemes for In-bin Drying of Canola Grain (Rapeseed), Computers & Electron, in Agric., 9, pp. 159 -187.
5. Arinze, E.A., Sokhansanj, S., Schoenau , G.J., and Sumner, A.K., 1994, Control Strategies for Low Temperature In-bin Drying of Barley for Feed and Malt, Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, UK, 58, pp. 73 - 88.
6. Arinze, E.A., Sokhansanj, S., and Schoenau, G.J., 1993, Simulation of Natural and Solar-heated Air Hay dDying sSstems, Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 8, pp. 325 - 345.
7. Arinze, E.A., Sokhansanj, S., Schoenau GJ. aOd Trauttmansdorff, F.G., 1996, Experimental Evaluation, SimulatioF and optimization of a Commercial Heated-air Batch Hay Drier: Part 1, Drier functional Performance, Product Quality, and Economic Analysis of Drying., Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 63, pp. 301 - 314.
8. Arinze, E.A., Schoenau, GJ. and Sokhansanj, S., 1997, Preliminary Investigation of a Solar hHy Drying System, Proceedof the Ann. Conf. of the Solar Energy Society of Canada, Vancouver.
9. ASAE, 1986, ASAE Standards, Engineering Practices and Data, American Society of Agricultural Engineers, St Joseph, MI.
10. Bales, B.M., Bledsoe, B.L., and Freeland, R.S., 1992, Solar Dryer Performance during Hay Drying Cycle, ASAE, St. Joseph, MI, Paper No. 921578.
11. Bledsoe, B.L.and Hitch, J.W., 1986, Drying Large Hay Bales with Solar Heated Air Delivered by Electrically Powered Fans, An. Conf. of the National Food and Energy Council, Nashville, TN.
12. Brace Research Institute, 1982, How to Make a Solar Cabinet Dryer for Agricultural Produce, Brace Research Institute, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, QC, Pub. No. L - 6.
13. Brocket, D.B., Bakker-Arkema, F.W., and Carl W.H., 1992, Drying and Storage of Grains and Oilseeds, An Avi Book, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
14. Carson, J.M. and Kreider, B.G., 1988, Forced Heated Air Drying of Hay, ASAE, St Joseph, MI., Paper No. 88-6583.
15. Converse, H.H. and Sauer, D.B., 1976, Low Temperature Grain Drying with Solar Heat. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI, Paper No. 76-3018.
16. DeBuk, K.E., 1983, Farmer-owned Multi-use Solar Buildings, Hay, Grain, Shop, ASAE, St. Joseph, MI, Paper No. 83-3002.
17. Duffie, J.A., and Beckman, W.A., 1980, Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, John Wiley, New York, 762 pp.
18. Hall, C.W., 1980, Drying and Storage of Agricultural Cops, Avi Pub., Westtport.
19. Hunt, D.R., 1986, Engineering Models for Agricultural Production, Avi Pub., Westport.
20. Kehr, W.R. 1985, Alfalfa Losses Build from the Feld to the Animal, Feedstuffs, 57 (7), pp. 54 -58.
21. Kline, G.L., 1977, Solar Collectors for Low Temperature Grain Drying, ASAE, St. Joseph, MI, Paper No. 77-3007.
22. Muir, W.E., Slnha, R.N., Zhang, Z., and Tuma , D., 1989, Nearambient Drying of Canola, ASAE, St Joseph, MI, Paper No. 89-6532.
23. Parker, B.F. and Tolzln, J.L., 1986, Development of Hay Drying System to Use Automatic Bale Wagons. ASAE, St Joseph, MI, Paper No. 86-6542.
24. Parker, B.F., White, G.M., Lindley, M.R., Gates, R.S., Collins, M Lowry, S and Bridges, T.S. 1992, Forced-air Drying of Baled Alfalfa Hay, Transactions of the ASAE, 35(2), pp. 607-615.
25. Patil , R.T., Sokhansanj, S., Arinze, E.A., and Schoenau, G.J., 1993, Methods of Expediting Drying Rates of Chopped Alfalfa, Transactions of the ASAE, 36, pp. 1799 -1803.
26. Plue, P.S., and Trauttmansdorff, F.G., 1992, Design Concept for a Bate H ay Dryer to be Used with an Automatic Bale Wagon, Paper No. 92-327, Canadian Society of Agricultural Engineering, Brandon, Manitiba.
27. Rynieck, A and Nellist, M.E., 1991, Optimization of Control Systems for Near-ambient Grain Drying, Parti, Trie Optimization Procedures, Journal of Agricultural Engineering Reserach, UK, 48, pp. 1 -17.
28. Smith, EA., 1984, Minimum Energy to Dry Barley without Mould Growth in Near ambient Driers., Journal of Agricutural Engineering Research, UK, 30, pp. 289 - 303.
29. Sokhansanj, S., Arinze, E.A., and Schoenau, GJ., 1996, Forage Crop Drying and Storage, In: Handbook of Agricultural Crop Drying and Storage, Bakker-Arkema F.W., and Maier, D.E. (Editors), In Press, Mercel Dekker, New York.
30. Sokhansanj, S., Khoshteghaza, H.,Crerar, W.J., En-Zen, J., McNeil, A., and Penner, A., 1996, Moisture Migration in Containerized Alfalfa Cubes during Overseas Shipment, Final Report to the Canadian Dehydrators Association, Department of Agricultural and Bioresource Engineering, University of Sask., Saskatoon, 41 pages.
31. Stewart, L.E. and Gird, J.W., 1987, An Evaluation of Solar Drying in Maryland, ASAE, St Joseph, MI, Paper No. 87-4538.
32. Tolzin, J.L., Gates, R.S., White, G.M.and Parker, B.F., 1990, Effects of Cracks on the Pressure-velocity Velationship of Air forced through Baled Alfalfa Hay, Trans, of the ASAE 33, pp. 1754-1766.
33. Transfeeder.,1997. High Performance Forage for Export, Transfeeder Inc., Olds, Alberta.
34. Wilkinson, J.M., 1981, Losses in the Conservation and Utilization of Grass and Forage Crops, Ann. Appl. Biology, 98, pp. 365 - 375.
35. Van-Duyne, D.A. and Kjelgaard, W.L., 1964, Air Flow Resistance of Baled Alfalfa and Clover Hay, Transactions of the ASAE, 7(3), pp. 582586.
36. Wrubleski, E.M., and Catania, P.S., 1977, Experience with a Solar Collector for Grain Drying in Saskatchewan, CSAE, Saskatoon, SK, Paper No. 77-106.