Ocean-atmosphere interaction in the making of the walker circulation and equatorial cold tongue

Journal of Climate

Volumn 11, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 189-201

  Xie, Shang Ping ^a  

^a HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE CHANGE; CLIMATOLOGY; COOLING; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; TEMPERATURE;

BJERKNES FEEDBACK; EQUATORIAL COLD TONGUE; OCEAN ATMOSPHERE INTERACTION; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE; UPWELLING; WALKER CIRCULATION; ZONAL ASYMMETRY; ZONAL HEAT CONTRAST;

METEOROLOGY;

AIR-SEA INTERACTION; COLD TONGUE; WALKER CIRCULATION;

PACIFIC, (EQUATORIAL);

EID: 0032004182     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442(1998)011<0189:OAIITM>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Battisti, D. S., and A. C. Hirst, 1989: Interannual variability in a tropical atmosphere-ocean model: Influence of the basic state, ocean geometry, and nonlinearity. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1687-1712.
2. Bjerknes, J., 1969: Atmospheric teleconnections from the equatorial Pacific. Mon. Wea. Rev., 97, 163-172.
3. Cane, M. A., M. Munnich, and S. E. Zebiak, 1990: A study of self-excited oscillations of the tropical ocean-atmosphere system. Part I: Linear analysis. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 1562-1577.
4. Dijkstra, H. A., and J. D. Neelin, 1995: Ocean-atmosphere interaction and the tropical climatology. Part II: Why the Pacific cold tongue is in the east. J. Climate, 8, 1343-1359.
5. Gill, A. E., 1980: Some simple solutions for heat-induced tropical circulation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 106, 447-462.
6. Hao, Z. J., J. D. Neelin, and F. F. Jin, 1993: Nonlinear tropical air-sea interaction in the fast wave limit. J. Climate, 6, 1523-1544.
7. Hirst, A. C., 1986: Unstable and damped equatorial modes in simple coupled ocean-atmosphere models. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 606-630.
8. Huang, B., and E. K. Schneider, 1995: The response of an ocean general circulation model to surface wind stress produced by an atmospheric general circulation model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 3059-3085.
9. Jin, F. F., and J. D. Neelin, 1993: Modes of interannual tropical ocean-atmosphere interaction - A unified view. Part I: Numerical results. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 3477-3503.
10. Kleeman, R., 1989: A modelling study of the effect of the Andes on the summertime circulation of tropical South America. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3344-3362.
11. Lindzen, R. S., and S. Nigam, 1987: On the role of sea surface temperature gradients in forcing low level winds and convergence in the tropics. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 2418-2436.
12. Liu, Z., and B. Huang, 1997: A coupled theory of tropical climatology: Warm pool cold tongue, and Walker circulation. J. Climate, 10, 1662-1679.
13. Ma, C.-C., C. R. Mechoso, A. W. Robertson, and A. Arakawa, 1996: Peruvian status clouds and the tropical Pacific circulation - A coupled ocean-atmosphere GCM study. J. Climate, 9, 1635-1645.
14. Matsuno, T., 1966: Quasi-geostropic motions in the equatorial area. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 44, 25-43.
15. Mitchell, T. P., and J. M. Wallace, 1992: The annual cycle in equatorial convection and sea surface temperature. J. Climate, 5, 1140-1156.
16. Neelin, J. D., 1991: The slow sea surface temperature mode and the fast-wave limit: Analytical theory for tropical interannual oscillations and experiments in a hybrid coupled model. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 584-606.
17. _, and H. A. Dijkstra, 1995: Ocean-atmosphere and the tropical climatology. Part I: The dangers of flux correction. J. Climate, 8, 1325-1342.
18. Numaguti, A., and Y.-Y. Hayashi, 1991: Behavior of cumulus activity and the structures of circulations in an "aqua-planet" model. Part II: Eastward-moving planetary scale structure and the intertropical convergence zone. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 69, 563-579.
19. Philander, S. G. H., and R. C. Pacanowski, 1981: The oceanic response to cross-equatorial winds (with application to coastal upwelling in low latitudes). Tellus, 46, 201-210.
20. _, D. Gu, G. Lambert, T. Li, N.-C. Lau, and D. Halpern, 1995: Why the ITCZ is mostly north of the equator. J. Climate, 9, 2958-2972.
21. Suarez, M. J., and P. Schopf, 1988: A delayed action oscillator for ENSO. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 3283-3287.
22. Woodruff, S. D., R. J. Slutz, R. L. Jenne, and P M. Steurer, 1987: A comprehensive ocean-atmosphere dataset. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 68, 521-527.
23. Xie, S.-P., 1994: On the genesis of the equatorial annual cycle. J. Climate, 7, 2008-2013.
24. _, 1996: Westward propagation of latitudinal asymmetry in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 3236-3250.
25. _, and S. G. H. Philander, 1994: A coupled ocean-atmosphere model of relevance to the ITCZ in the eastern Pacific. Tellus, 46A, 340-350.
26. Zebiak, S. E., and M. A. Cane, 1987: A model El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 2262-2278.