Fuzzy decision trees: Issues and methods

IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics

Volumn 28, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 1-14

  Janikow, Cezary Z ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI ST LOUIS   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FUZZY CONTROL; FUZZY SETS; INFERENCE ENGINES; LEARNING SYSTEMS; TREES (MATHEMATICS);

FUZZY DECISION TREES;

DECISION THEORY;

EID: 0031996838     PISSN: 10834419     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/3477.658573     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. L. Breiman, J. H. Friedman, R. A. Olsen, and C. J. Stone, Classification and Regression Trees. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1984.
2. P. Clark and T. Niblett, "Induction in noisy domains," in Progress in Machine Learning, I. Bratko and N. Lavrac, Eds. New York: Sigma, 1987.
3. T. G. Dietterich, H. Hild, and G. Bakiri, "A comparative study of ID3 and backpropagation for English text-to-speach mapping," in Proc. Int. Conf. Machine Learning, 1990.
4. D. Drinkov, H. Hellendoorn, and M. Reinfrank, An Introduction to Fuzzy Control. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1996.
5. B. R. Gaines, "The trade-off between knowledge and data in knowledge acquisition," in Knowledge Discovery in Databases, G. Piatesky-Shapiro and W. J. Frawley, Eds. Cambridge, MA: AIII Press/MIT Press, 1991, pp. 491-505.
6. R. Gallion, D. C. St. Clair, C. Sabharwal, and W. E. Bond, "Dynamic ID3: A symbolic learning algorithm for many-valued attribute domains," in Proc. 1993 Symp. Applied Computing. New York: ACM Press, 1993, pp. 14-20.
7. I. Enbutsu, K. Baba, and N. Hara, "Fuzzy rule extraction from a multilayered neural network," in Int. Joint Conf. Neural Networks, 1991, pp. 461-465.
8. R. Jager, "Fuzzy logic in control," Ph.D. dissertation, Technische Univ. Delft, Delft, The Netherlands, 1995.
9. J. Jang, "Structure determination in fuzzy modeling: A fuzzy CART approach," in Proc. IEEE Conf. Fuzzy Systems, 1994, pp. 480-485.
10. C. Z. Janikow, "Fuzzy processing in decision trees," in Proc. 6th Int. Symp. Artificial Intelligence, 1993, pp. 360-367.
11. _, "Learning fuzzy controllers by genetic algorithms," in Proc. 1994 ACM Symp. Applied Computing, pp. 232-236.
12. _, "A genetic algorithm method for optimizing the fuzzy component of a fuzzy decision tree," in GA for Pattern Recognition, S. Pal and P. Wang, Eds. Boca Raton, FL: CRC, pp. 253-282.
13. _, "A genetic algorithm method for optimizing fuzzy decision trees," Inf. Sci., vol. 89, no. 3-4, pp. 275-296, Mar. 1996.
14. G. Kalkanis and G. V. Conroy, "Principles of induction and approaches to attribute-based induction," Knowledge Eng. Rev., vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 307-333, 1991.
15. Fuzzy Control Systems, A. Kandel and G. Langholz, Eds. Boca Raton, FL: CRC, 1993.
16. I. Konenko, I. Bratko, and E. Roskar, "Experiments in automatic learning of medical diagnostic rules," Tech. Rep., J. Stefan Inst., Yugoslavia, 1994.
17. K. Kobayashi, H. Ogata, and R. Murai, "Method of inducing fuzzy rules and membership functions," in Proc. IFAC Symp. Artificial Intelligence Real-Time Control, 1992, pp. 283-290.
18. M. Lebowitz, "Categorizing numeric information for generalization," Cognitive Sci., vol. 9, pp. 285-308, 1985.
19. P. E. Maher and D. C. St. Clair, "Uncertain reasoning in an ID3 machine learning framework," in Proc. 2nd IEEE Int. Conf. Fuzzy Systems, 1993, pp. 7-12.
20. D. McNeill and P. Freiberger, Fuzzy Logic. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1993.
21. R. S. Michalski, "A theory and methodology of inductive learning," in Machine Learning I, R. S. Michalski, J. G. Carbonell, and T. M. Mitchell, Eds. San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1986, pp. 83-134.
22. _, "Learning flexible concepts," in Machine Learning III, R. Michalski and Y. Kondratoff, Eds. San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1991.
23. _, "Understanding the nature of learning," in Machine Learning: An Artificial Intelligence Approach, R. Michalski, J. Carbonell, and T. Mitchell, Eds. San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1986, vol. 2, pp. 3-26.
24. J. Mingers, "An empirical comparison of prunning methods for decision tree induction," Mach. Learn., vol. 4, pp. 227-243, 1989.
25. _, "An empirical comparison of selection measures for decision-tree induction," Mach. Learn., vol. 3, pp. 319-342, 1989.
26. M. Mizumoto, "Fuzzy controls under various fuzzy reasoning methods," Inf. Sci., vol. 45, pp. 129-151, 1988.
27. G. Pagallo and D. Haussler, "Boolean feature discovery in empirical learning," Mach. Learn., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 71-100, 1990.
28. J. R. Quinlan, "The effect of noise on concept learning," in Machine Learning, R. Michalski, J. Carbonell and T. Mitchell, Eds. San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1986, vol. 2.
29. _, "Induction on decision trees," Mach. Learn., vol. 1, pp. 81-106, 1986.
30. _, "Decision trees as probabilistic classifiers," in Proc. 4th Int. Workshop Machine Learning, 1987, pp. 31-37.
31. _, "Unknown attribute-values in induction," in Proc. 6th Int. Workshop Machine Learning, 1989, pp. 164-168.
32. _, C4.5: Programs for Machine Learning. San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1993.
33. C. Schaffer, "Overfitting avoidance as bias," Mach. Learn., vol. 10, pp. 153-178, 1993.
34. S. Sestino and T. Dillon, "Using single-layered neural networks for the extraction of conjunctive rules and hierarchical classifications," J. Appl. Intell., vol. 1, pp. 157-173, 1991.
35. I. S. Hong and T. W. Kim, "Fuzzy membership function based neural networks with applications to the visual servoing of robot manipulators," IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst., vol. 2, pp. 203-220, Aug. 1994.
36. L. Wang and J. Mendel, "Generating fuzzy rules by learning from examples," IEEE Trans. Syst., Man, Cybern., vol. 22, pp. 1414-1427, Dec. 1992.
37. L. A. Zadeh, "Fuzzy sets," Inf. Contr., vol. 8, pp. 338-353, 1965.
38. _, "Fuzzy logic and approximate reasoning," Synthese, vol. 30, pp. 407-428, 1975.
39. _, "A theory of approximate reasoning," in Machine Intelligence, Hayes, Michie, and Mikulich, Eds.. New York: Wiley, 1979, vol. 9, pp. 149-194.
40. _, "The role of fuzzy logic in the management of uncertainty in expert systems," Fuzzy Sets Syst., vol. 11, pp. 199-227, 1983.