Epidemiology of emerging/re-emerging antimicrobial-resistant bacterial pathogens

Current Opinion in Microbiology

Volumn 1, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 125-129

  McCormick, Joseph B ^a  

^a INSTITUT PASTEUR   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); ESCHERICHIA COLI; MYCOBACTERIUM; MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE;

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; BACTERIAL INFECTION; BACTERIUM; DRUG EFFECT; HUMAN; MICROBIOLOGY; REVIEW;

BACTERIA; BACTERIAL INFECTIONS; DRUG RESISTANCE, MICROBIAL; HUMANS;

EID: 0031987804     PISSN: 13695274     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1369-5274(98)80152-5     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Galimand M, Guiyoule A, Gerbaud G, Rasoamanana B, Chanteau S, Carniel E, Courvalin P: Multidrug resistance in Yersinia pestis mediated by a transferable plasmid [see comments]. N Engl J Med 1997, 337:677-680. Further evidence that bacteria play by their own biological rules, and that promiscuous exchange of DNA provides a powerful weapon for bacteria against all forms of molecular threat from outside, including antibiotics.
2. Grimwood K, Collignon PJ, Currie BJ, Ferson MJ, Gilbert GL, Hogg GG, Isaaccs D, McIntyre PB: Antibiotic management of pneumococcal infections in an era of increased resistance [In Process Citation]. J Paediatr Child Health 1997, 33:287-295.
3. Carratala J, Marron A, Fernandez-Sevilla A, Linares J, Gudiol F: Treatment of penicillin-resistant pneumococcal bacteremia in neutropenic patients with cancer. Clin Infect Dis 1997, 24:148-152.
4. Gratten M, Nimmo G, Carlisle J, Schooneveldt J, Seneviratne E, Kelly R, Norton R, Ashhurst-Smith C, Love K, Tiley S et al.: Emergence of further serotypes of multiple drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Queensland. Commun Dis Intell 1997, 21:133-136.
5. Huang FY, Chiu NC, Liu SC: Penicillin-resistant pneumococcal infections in children. J Formos Med Assoc 1997, 96:414-418.
6. Lehmann D, Gratten M, Montgomery J: Susceptibility of pneumococcal carriage isolates to penicillin provides a conservative estimate of susceptibility of invasive pneumococci. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1997, 16:297-305.
7. Cohen R, Bingen E, Varon E, De La Rocque F, Brahimi N, Levy C, Boucherat M, Langue J, Geslin P: Change in nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae resulting from antibiotic therapy for acute otitis media in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1997, 16:555-560.
8. Dagan R, Melamed R, Muallem M, Piglansky L, Yagupsky P: Nasopharyngeal colonization in southern Israel with antibiotic-resistant pneumococci during the first 2 years of life: relation to serotypes likely to be included in pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. J Infect Dis 1996, 174:1352-1355.
9. Brandileone MC, Vieira VS, Casagrande ST, Zanella RC, Guerra ML, Bokermann S, De Moraes JC, Baldacci ER, Chamone CB, Oliveira MA et al.: Prevalence of serotypes and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains isolated from Brazilian children with invasive infections. Pneumococcal Study Group in Brazil for the SIREVA Project. Regional System for Vaccines in Latin America. Microb Drug Resist 1997, 3:141-146.
10. Castaneda E, Leal AL, Castillo O, De La Hoz F, Vela MC, Arango M, Trujillo H, Levy A, Gama ME, Calle M et al.: Distribution of capsular types and antimicrobial susceptibility of invasive isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Colombian children. Pneumococcal Study Group in Colombia. Microb Drug Resist 1997, 3:147-152.
11. Rossi A, Ruvinsky R, Regueira M, Corso A, Pace J, Gentile A, Di Fabio JL: Distribution of capsular types and penicillin-resistance of strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae causing systemic infections in Argentinian children under 0 years of age. Streptococcus pneumoniae Working Group. Microb Drug Resist 1997, 3:135-140.
12. Appelbaum PC, Gladkova C, Hryniewicz W, Kojouharov B, Kotulova D, Mihalcu F, Schlindler J, Setchanova L, Semina N, Trupl J et al.: Carriage of antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae by children in eastern and central Europe - a multicenter study with use of standardized methods. Clin Infect Dis 1996, 23:712-717.
13. The Centres for Disease Control and Prevention: Surveillance for penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae - New York City, 1995. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1997, 46:297-299.
14. Rodriguez-Barradas MC, Tharapel RA, Groover JE, Giron KP, Lacke CE, Houston ED, Hamill RJ, Steinhoff MC, Musher DM: Colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae among human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults: prevalence of antibiotic resistance, impact of immunization, and characterization by polymerase chain reaction with BOX primers of isolates from persistent S. pneumoniae carriers. J Infect Dis 1997, 175:590-597.
15. Dagan R, Melamed R, Muallem M, Piglansky L, Greenberg D, Abramson O, Mendelman PM, Bohidar N, Yagupsky P: Reduction of nasopharyngeal carriage of pneumococci during the second year of life by a heptavalent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine. J Infect Dis 1996, 174:1271-1278.
16. Janoff EN, Fasching C, Ojoo JC, O'Brien J, Gilks OF: Responsiveness of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected Kenyan women with or without prior pneumococcal disease to pneumococcal vaccine. J Infect Dis 1997, 175:975-978.
17. Hortal M, Algorta G, Bianchi I, Borthagaray G, Cestau I, Camou T, Castro M, De Los Santos M, Diez R, Dell'Aqua L et al.: Capsular type distribution and susceptibility to antibiotics of Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical strains isolated from Uruguayan children with systemic infections. Pneumococcus Study Group. Microb Drug Resist 1997, 3:159-163.
18. Luey KY, Kam KM: Vaccine coverage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Hong Kong with attention to the multiple-antibiotic-resistant strains. Vaccine 1996, 14:1573-1580.
19. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Reduced susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus to vancomycin-Japan, 1996. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1997, 46:624-626.
20. The Centers for Diaease Control and Prevention: Interim guidelines for prevention and control of Staphylococcal infection associated with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1997, 46:626-8, 635. This is a description of the classic methods used to prevent the spread of nosocomial infections, and may well be the standard for the control of multidrug-resistant staphylococci.
21. Anglim AM, Klym B, Byers KE, Scheld WM, Farr BM: Effect of a vancomycin restriction policy on ordering practices during an outbreak of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. Arch Intern Med 1997, 157:1132-1136.
22. Edmond MB, Wenzel RP, Pasculle AW: Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: perspectives on measures needed for control [see comments]. Ann Intern Med 1996, 124:329-334.
23. Michel M, Gutmann L: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci: therapeutic realities and possibilities. Lancet 1997, 349:1901-1906.
24. •], describes the levels of difficulty likely to be encountered in the effective treatment of N. gonorrhea infections. They will result in an increased cost of treatment, which in the developing world particularly may well hamper controls efforts through treatment, and thus presage an increase in the prevalence of N. gonorrhea infections.
25. ••].
26. World Health Organisation: Anti-tuberculosis Drug Resistance in the World. Geneva: World Health Organisation: 1997. This newly published review of the wide distribution of isolates and cases of antimicrobial resistant M. tuberculosis is sobering and provides a reminder that we all live on a single planet and that TB in any part of the world is eventually a problem for us all.
27. •], shows the diversity of the rapidly growing problem of multidrug resistance. The enormity of the problems of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis are poorly appreciated in most developed countries, and are not yet well characterized in developing countries, however, for those countries with low health budgets and large populations with HIV, the emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis can only make an already catastrophic situation much worse. The threat to populations without a high prevalence of HIV but with substantial transmission of tuberculosis, is not well characterized, but would seem to be substantial.
28. •].
29. •].
30. Blazquez J, Espinosa de Los Monteros LE, Samper S, Martin C, Guerrero A, Cobo J, Van Embden J, Baquero F, Gomez-Mampaso E: Genetic characterization of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium bovis strains from a hospital outbreak involving human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients. J Clin Microbiol 1997, 35:1390-1393.
31. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Outbreaks of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection and cryptosporidiosis associated with drinking unpasteurized apple cider-Connecticut and New York, October 1996. JAMA 1997, 277:781-782.
32. Guerrant RL: Cryptosporidiosis: an emerging, highly infectious threat. Emerg Infect Dis 1997, 3:51-57.
33. Chacin-Bonilla L, Bonilla MC, Soto-Torres L, Rios-Candida Y, Sardina M, Enmanuels C, Parra AM, Sanchez-Chavez Y: Cryptosporidium parvum in children with diarrhea in Zulia State, Venezuela. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1997, 56:365-369.
34. Checkley W, Gilman RH, Epstein LD, Suarez M, Diaz JF, Cabrera L, Black RE, Sterling CR: Asymptomatic and symptomatic cryptosporidiosis: their acute effect on weight gain in Peruvian children. Am J Epidemiol 1997, 145:156-163.
35. Jahan Y, Hossain A: Multiple drug-resistant Shigella dysenteriae type 1 in Rajbari district, Bangladesh [In Process Citation]. J Diarrhoeal Dis Res 1997, 15:17-20.
36. Jensen G, Wandall DA, Gaarslev K, Panavas S, Gutschik E: Antibiotic resistance in Shigella and Salmonella in a region of Lithuania. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1996, 15:872-876.
37. Mache A, Mengistu Y, Cowley S: Shigella serogroups identified from adult diarrhoeal out-patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: antibiotic resistance and plasmid profile analysis. East Afr Med J 1997, 74:179-182.
38. Bahrmand AR, Velayati AA: Antimicrobial resistance pattern and plasmid profile of Salmonella typhi isolated from an outbreak in Tehran province. Scand J Infect Dis 1997, 29:265-269.
39. Rowe B, Ward LR, Threlfall EJ: Multidrug-resistant Salmonella typhi: a worldwide epidemic. Clin Infect Dis 1997, 24(Suppl 1):106-109.